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21.
Three-dimensional (3D) human body modeling is an important research direction in the field of clothing virtual design. On the basis of 3D human body scanning, this paper studied a method to build a 3D parametric lower body model according to body classification. The research includes three main parts. (1) Anthropometry and body shape classification. We randomly selected 333 young women ages 18–25 years old in Northeast China as the experimental sample. Then we divided the lower body shape into three categories using principal component analysis and K-means clustering. (2) Determination of feature cross sections and points, and reconstruction of feature curves. According to the average values of each body type, we obtained the mean reference body by Euclidean distance method. We determined feature cross sections and points, and extracted the 3D coordinates of the feature points of the mean reference body to reconstruct the feature curves. (3) The surface lofting and establishment of parametric 3D lower body model. According to the shape characteristics of the lower body, we constructed the guiding lines for the crotch and lower limbs, and established parametric lower body models for three body types.Relevance to industry3D human modeling is an important part of garment industry digitization. This research provides an effective way to construct a parametric 3D lower body model. The method offers a reference for the parametric virtual human modeling and virtual fitting of trousers. 相似文献
22.
李秋锐 《网络安全技术与应用》2012,(1):23-25
随着互联网技术的发展,网络安全问题日益突出。作为一种主动防御手段,网络安全扫描技术在保护网络安全方面发挥着越来越大的作用。本文主要对主机探测,端口扫描,操作系统探测以及漏洞扫描等四种主要的网络安全扫描技术做了研究。 相似文献
23.
The mathematical model that describes a dynamic thermal conductivity experiment is reconsidered by taking into account the role of thermal expansion. Two differential equations are presented that take into account the various physical phenomena occurring in a long thin rod directly heated by a current pulse. One of the two equations keeps variables space and time completely separate and is particularly useful for computer simulations.Paper presented at the Second Workshop on Subsecond Thermophysics, September 20–21, 1990, Torino, Italy. 相似文献
24.
The specific heat at constant volume cv shows a weak singularity at the critical point. Renormalization group techniques have been applied, predicting a universal critical behavior which has to be experimentally confirmed for different systems. In this paper an experiment is presented to measure the specific heat of SF6 along the critical isochore (c=0.737 g·cm–3), applying a continuous heating method. The results cover a temperature span of –1.5×10–2< <1.70×10–2 [=(T–T
c)/T
c] and were strongly affected by gravity effects that emerge in the sample of 1-mm hydrostatic height near the critical point. Using regression analysis, data were fitted with functions of the form c
v/R=A × ¦¦– + B for the one-phase state and c
v/R=A × ¦¦– + B for the twophase state. Within their error bounds the critical values (==0.098, A/A=1.83) represent the measurements for the temperature span 3.5×10–5< ¦¦<2.0×10
–3, in good agreement with theoretical predictions. In order to exclude density profiles in the specimen, which are unavoidable in terrestrial experiments due to the high compressibility of fluids at the critical point and the gravity force, a space-qualified scanning ratio calorimeter has been constructed, which will permit long-term cv measurements under microgravity (-g) conditions. The experiment will be part of the German Spacelab mission in October 1985. The significant features of the apparatus are briefly sketched.Paper presented at the Ninth Symposium on Thermophysical Properties, June 24–27, 1985, Boulder, Colorado, U.S.A. 相似文献
25.
R. E. Bentley 《International Journal of Thermophysics》1985,6(1):83-99
A technique is presented that enables the effects of temperature on the Seebeck coefficient to be assessed for individual wires. The technique, involving a high-resolution thermoelectric scanning rig and a nonuniform conditioning furnace of known temperature profile, was applied to 0.5-mm-diameter wires of Pt and Pt 10% Rh. Changes were observed in Seebeck coefficient when these wires were used in high-purity twin-bore insulation for up to 200 h at temperatures over the range 500 to 1700°C. Contamination from the insulation was found to be transmitted by a vaporization process, having an activation energy of 3 eV. This caused changes of up to 0.14 V · °C–1 in Pt and 0.01 V · °C–1 in Pt 10% Rh. Rhodium transfer to the pure Pt wire changed its Seebeck coefficient by up to 5 V · °C–1. The consequences of both processes for thermocouple pyrometry are presented. 相似文献
26.
为了掌握高Al2O3条件下(w(Al2O3)为15%以上)高炉渣系的熔化特性,利用差式扫描量热仪分析了不同w(MgO)/w(Al2O3)、碱度(R)以及w(Al2O3)对高铝高炉渣的熔化温度及熔化热的影响。试验结果表明,炉渣熔化开始温度为1 248~1 291 ℃、熔化结束温度为1 432~1 485 ℃、熔化热为137~211 J/g;当w(Al2O3)=15%、高w(MgO)/w(Al2O3)时,发生了共晶逆反应,导致高炉炉渣熔化开始温度逐渐降低,但由于高炉炉渣的液相线温度基本未变,所以炉渣熔化结束温度基本未发生改变;w(Al2O3)为20%时,随着w(MgO)/w(Al2O3)的增加,炉渣中易生成熔点较高的镁铝尖晶石,导致高炉炉渣熔化开始温度逐渐增大,与此同时,炉渣液相线温度逐渐降低,导致炉渣熔化结束温度逐渐降低;随着碱度R的增加,高炉炉渣中生成了具有高熔点的化合物、炉渣的液相线温度升高,使得高炉炉渣的熔化开始温度逐渐增加、炉渣熔化结束温度逐渐升高;随着w(Al2O3)的增加,发生了共晶逆反应,故炉渣的熔化开始温度逐渐降低,而随着w(Al2O3)的增加,炉渣中键能较大的Al—O键增多,需要在更高温度下才能实现炉渣的最终熔化,即熔化结束温度逐渐增加;随着w(MgO)/w(Al2O3)、R以及w(Al2O3)的增加,炉渣熔化热逐渐增多。分析认为,随着R的增加,炉渣中有高熔点化合物的生成,熔化热增加;随着炉渣中w(Al2O3)的增加,炉渣中Al—O键增多,解聚破坏熔渣结构消耗的热量增多;而随着w(MgO)/w(Al2O3)增加,高熔点化合物的生成或熔化开始温度降低,造成熔化热增加。 相似文献
27.
A series of phosphorus‐containing, wholly aromatic thermotropic copolyesters from acetylated 2‐(6‐oxide‐6H‐dibenz〈c,e〉〈1,2〉oxa phosphorin‐6‐yl)‐1,4‐dihydroxy phenylene, p‐acetoxybenzoic acid, terephthalic acid, and isophthalic acid were prepared by melting polycondensation. The structure and basic properties of the polymers, such as the glass‐transition temperature (Tg), melting temperature (Tm), thermal stability, crystallinity, and liquid crystallinity, were investigated with Fourier transform infrared, elemental analysis, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetric analysis, wide‐angle X‐ray diffraction, and hot‐stage polarizing optical microscopy. The copolyesters had relatively high Tg values ranging from 183 to 192°C. The Tm values obtained from DSC curves for samples P‐20 and P‐25 were 290 and 287°C, respectively (where the number in the sample name indicates the molar fraction of the phosphorus‐containing monomer in the reactants). The initial flow temperatures of other samples observed with hot‐stage polarizing microscopy were 271–290°C. The 5% degradation temperatures in nitrogen ranged from 431 to 462°C, and the char yields at 640°C were 41–52%. All the copolyesters, except P‐40, were thermotropic and nematic. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 86: 1278–1284, 2002 相似文献
28.
The garment fit played an important role in protective performance, comfort and mobility. The purpose of this study is to quantify the air gap to quantitatively characterize a three-dimensional (3-D) garment fit using a 3-D body scanning technique. A method for processing of scanned data was developed to investigate the air gap size and distribution between the clothing and human body. The mesh model formed from nude and clothed body was aligned, superimposed and sectioned using Rapidform software. The air gap size and distribution over the body surface were analyzed. The total air volume was also calculated. The effects of fabric properties and garment size on air gap distribution were explored. The results indicated that average air gap of the fit clothing was around 25–30 mm and the overall air gap distribution was similar. The air gap was unevenly distributed over the body and it was strongly associated with the body parts, fabric properties and garment size. The research will help understand the overall clothing fit and its association with protection, thermal and movement comfort, and provide guidelines for clothing engineers to improve thermal performance and reduce physiological burden. 相似文献
29.
用DSC研究了高T_e超导体B_(2-r)Pb_rSr_2Ca_2Cu_sO_v(x=0,0.2,0.4,0.6)从室温至600℃范围内的相变。在320℃和440℃附近有二个吸热蜂,每一个峰对应一个相变过程。440℃附近的相变是不可递的,其原子激活能为1.37eV,是由高T_e相向低T_e相的转变。而320℃附近的相变则与超结构的形成有关。 相似文献
30.