Cooperation and Competition in ALIAS: A Logic Framework for Agents that Negotiate

This paper presents ALIAS, an agent architecture based on intelligent logic agents, where the main form of agent reasoning is abduction. The system is particularly suited for solving problems where knowledge is incomplete, where agents may need to make reasonable hypotheses about the problem domain and other agents, and where the raised hypotheses have to be consistent for the overall set of agents. ALIAS agents are pro-active, exhibiting a goal-directed behavior, and autonomous, since each one can solve problems using its own private knowledge base. ALIAS agents are also social, because they are able to interact with other agents, in order to cooperatively solve problems. The coordination mechanisms are modeled by means of LAILA, a logic-based language which allows to express intra-agent reasoning and inter-agent coordination. As an application, we show how LAILA can be used to implement inter-agent dialogues, e.g., for negotiation. In particular, LAILA is well-suited to coordinate the process of negotiation aimed at exchanging resources between agents, thus allowing them to execute the plans to achieve their goals.     

一种基于多Agent的视频监控系统模型

在局域网多点视频监控系统中，当监控点和用户增加时视频数据在网络上的传播量会大大增加，将导致网络带宽严重不足，无法保证用户的QoS。该文针对此问题提出了基于多Agent的视频监控系统模型——MPMU(MultiPoint MultiUser)，用IDL(Interface Definition Language)对模型进行了描述，并在此模型中实现了QoS协商、重协商和基于MPEG—1数据流的丢帧机制。实验结果表明，此模型可以满足多监控点和多用户的需求。     

电力市场谈判型长期合约的贝叶斯均衡解

发电市场中，长期合约是发电公司与交易中心双方追求效益、规避风险的共同选择。针对确定交易规模、不定交易价格的合约谈判方式，首次采用非合作博弈论的贝叶斯均衡概念，讨论了合约价格形成的理性条件，并指出这种模式存在贝叶斯均衡解。该项研究为合约交易和监管工作的深入开展奠定了重要基础。     

电子市场中AGENT协商行为机制分析

提出了一种电子市场模型,然后对电子市场中卖方(买方)AGENT的协商活动进行分析,在协商过程 中AGENT以某种行为方式代表客户进行活动,行为方式通过一种复杂函数(参变量包括:电子市场条件、产品目 录信息、个人态度(由:时间、价格、买卖信用级别、质量重要性等要素构成))表现出来。     

一种面向多Agent协作和协商的消息机制

提出了一种基于概念模式匹配的消息传递机制，它使用了概念实例与概念模式相匹配的思想，实现了在具有多个Agent的系统中消息去向的灵活处理，从而很好地解决了多Agent之间的协作和协商问题。在引入多Agent协作与协商的概念后，讨论了这种机制的实现方法，并阐述了与这种机制实现相关的一些概念。     

基于SIP协议的网络安全性分析

SIP协议是NGN(Next Generation Network)中的重要协议之一。在SIP网络中，由于设备的差异性和网络环境的复杂性，即不同的设备支持不同的安全协议，不同的网络环境要求采用不同的安全协议，单一地指定某种安全协议使系统缺乏应有的灵活性，也降低了系统的可靠性。提出了一种新的安全协商机制用于在SIP实体之间进行安全协议的选择，并给出了相应的安全性分析。     

基于博弈分析的电子商务自动协商系统

为提高基于拍卖机制的电子商务自动协商系统效率，该文以非合作博弈论为基础提出了基于博弈分析的自动协商Agent模型及基于拍卖机制和博弈分析的自动投标协商算法，实现了一个基于拍卖机制和博弈分析的电子商务自动协商原型系统，并应用在一个企业敏捷供应链管理系统中实现自动协商交易。     

Negotiation Agents that Make Prudent Compromises and are Slightly Flexible in Reaching Consensus

The contribution of this work is designing and developing enhanced market-driven agents with the flexibility to (1) respond to changing market conditions, and (2) raise and relax trade aspirations. Previous theoretical analyses have shown that market-driven agents ( MDA s) make prudent compromises by reacting to changing market situations by taking into account factors such as competition, deadlines, and trading options. This work augments the design of an MDA with three fuzzy decision controllers that guide the agent in (i) relaxing trade aspiration in face of intense negotiation pressure, and (ii) raising trade aspiration in extremely favorable markets. Results from extensive simulations conducted using an implemented testbed suggest that when compared to MDA s, agents in this work achieved (1) higher success rates in reaching deals, (2) higher average utilities, and (3) higher expected utility.     

面向电子采购的多属性拍卖模型

所述的多属性拍卖模型基于买方为主的电子采购模式,即采购方在互联网上发布所需采购产品目录,供应商在采购方的网站上登录符合条件的产品信息供采购方评估,双方通过采购方的电子采购系统进行信息交流,并在假设条件下,采取不同策略完成交易.根据模型设计标准,假设包括:商品结构为多属性多个同类商品,采购方的底价及其他属性的效用函数对于供应商来说不可见,采购方公开偏好属性列表,每一属性都具有可谈判性或不可谈判性,采购方边际效用为零.     

Improving negotiations with bar charts: The advantages of priority awareness

Negotiations seldom lead to optimal results for the negotiators. The missing knowledge about the priorities of the negotiating parties is one known reason for this. This experimental study examines the effects of priority awareness on different measures of negotiation outcomes. Priority awareness is the awareness of one negotiator about the priorities of the other negotiator. One hundred thirty-two participants were randomly assigned to negotiation pairs in an experimental condition with priority awareness – created implicitly through the usage of an ordinary bar chart – or a control condition without priority awareness. They took over the roles of a car seller or buyer and negotiated within an experimental negotiation support system. They were neither explicitly instructed to use the bar chart in the negotiation or about its benefits, nor were they restricted in sharing any kind of information. The experimental condition showed not only a significantly higher negotiation performance in the form of joint outcome and pareto efficiency than the control condition, but also a higher impasse rate. Creating awareness about each other's priorities in a negotiation has a positive effect on the negotiation performance without noticeable negative effects on satisfaction with, or fairness and duration of, the negotiation.