Mathematical modeling and optimization of intratumor drug transport

A pseudohyperbolic problem of optimal control of intratumoral drug distribution is formulated. It takes into account the heterogeneity of tumor tissues and effects of convection diffusion in a fissured porous medium. A mathematical model constructed and the corresponding optimal control problem are shown to be correct. __________ Translated from Kibernetika i Sistemnyi Analiz, No. 6, pp. 147–154, November–December 2007.     

Chromatic luminance,colorimetric purity,and optimal aperture‐color stimuli

Chromatic luminance (i.e., luminance of a monochromatic color) is the source of all luminance, since achromatic luminance arises only from mixing colors and their chromatic luminances. The ratio of chromatic luminance to total luminance (i.e., chromatic plus achromatic luminance) is known as colorimetric purity, and its measurement has long been problematic for nonspectral hues. Colorimetric purity (p_c) is a luminance metric in contrast to excitation purity, which is a chromaticity‐diagram metric approximating saturation. The CIE definition of p_c contains a fallacy. CIE defines maximum (1.0) p_c for spectral stimuli as monochromatic (i.e., optimal) stimuli, and as the line between spectrum ends for nonspectrals. However, this line has <0.003 lm/W according to CIE colorimetric data and is therefore effectively invisible. It only represents the limit of theoretically attainable colors, and is of no practical use in color reproduction or color appearance. Required is a locus giving optimal rather than invisible nonspectral stimuli. The problem is partly semantic. CIE wisely adopted the term colorimetric purity, rather than the original spectral luminance purity, to permit an equivalent metric for spectrals and nonspectrals, but the parameter of equivalence was never clear. Since 1 p_c denotes optimal aperture‐color stimuli for spectrals, arguably 1 p_c should denote optimal stimuli consistently for all stimuli. The problem reduces to calculating optimal aperture‐color stimuli (“optimal” in energy efficiency in color‐matching) for nonspectrals, shown to comprise 442 + 613 nm in all CIE illuminants. This remedy merely requires redefinition of 1 p_c for nonspectrals as the line 442–613 nm, and gives meaningful p_c values over the hue cycle allowing new research of chromatic luminance relations with color appearance. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Col Res Appl, 32, 469–476, 2007     

A sequential quadratic programming-based algorithm for optimization of gas networks

British Gas uses a complex, heavily looped network of pipes and controllable units (compressors and regulators) to transmit gas from coastal supply terminals to regional demand points. Computer algorithms are required for efficient management of the system. This paper describes an algorithm for optimal control over periods of up to a day. The problem is large scale and highly nonlinear in both objective function and constraints. The method is based on Sequential Quadratic Programming and takes account of the structure of the pipeflow equations by means of a reduced gradient technique which eliminates most of the variables from the quadratic subproblems. The latter involve only simple bound constraints, which are handled efficiently by a conjugate gradient-active set algorithm. Trust region techniques permit use of the exact Hessian, preserving sparsity. More general constraints are handled at an outer level by a truncated augmented Lagrangian method. Results are included for some realistic problems. The algorithm is generally applicable to problems with a control structure.     

最佳相位设计的MBE声码器语音合成

提出了一种基于最佳相位设计的语音合成技术,能够有效降低MBE声码器合成语音信号由于波形失衡而导致的饱和失真的概率.此外,为了保证合成滤波器的稳定性,对线谱频率(LSF)系数提取进行了优化.实验结果显示,合成语音信号波形近似平衡地分布在零幅度值的上下,语音听起来没有不舒服的感觉.实验结果表明,基于最佳相位设计的语音合成技术能够有效改善合成语音质量.     

水轮机调节系统的状态PI控制器研究

虽然状态PI控制器已经提出很多年,但至今未在水轮机转速控制中有所应用。本文应用状态PI控制,从水轮机控制系统状态反馈模型出发,设计水轮机调节系统状态PI控制器,并对状态PI最优控制与传统推荐PID最佳调节进行比较分析。仿真结果表明:两者动态过程明显不同,前者的动态过程呈现非周期快速稳定特点,而后者的动态过程则为衰减振荡过程,并且状态PI控制在负荷变化时有更好的控制品质。     

动态规划法求解加工顺序问题的研究

提出动态规划法求解加工顺序问题的方法,分析最优子结构性质,建立最优值的递归关系式,分析Johnson-Bell-man’s Rule并设计算法流程,最后通过构造实例表明了算法的有效性。     

基于神经网络的电子地图最优路径研究

现阶段电子地图的应用已经深入到各行各业,最优路径的查找及规划作为GIS的一个关键问题,成为研究的一个难点,本文提出一种基于Hopfield神经网络的方法来解决地图最优路径问题。以物流配送中的车辆路径最优化为例,先根据Hopfield神经网络模型研究基于Hopfield的最优路径算法,然后探讨和验证该算法的可行性、实用性,最后通过算例分析对该方法进行验证。     

考虑多样化需求的诊疗设备维护和患者调度联合优化研究

针对诊疗设备维护和住院患者候诊难以有效协调的问题,建立了联合优化模型。首先,假设设备具有离散的劣化状态,将设备的劣化过程建模为连续时间马尔可夫链;其次,考虑到患者对诊疗设备的不同功能频率需求,以及不同劣化状态对患者治疗时间、费用的影响,以患者就诊顺序、检查策略、修复策略为决策变量建立了设备维护和患者调度模型;最后,采用改进后的非支配排序遗传算法对多目标问题进行了求解。实验结果验证了设备维护与患者调度联合优化模型的有效性。改进后的算法提高了整体和局部的搜索能力,且具有鲁棒性。     

基于IFMOP的玉环市区域水资源配置

引入无概率分布的区间数表示不确定性影响范围,选取经济效益、供需水效率和COD排放量分别构建经济目标、社会目标和环境目标优化函数,构建了玉环市不确定性模糊多目标规划(IFMOP)水资源配置模型,并计算了不确定性解集。结果表明:IFMOP配置计算成果可实现玉环市区域水量水质协调高效利用和社会-经济-生态系统均衡发展;在75%来水保证率下各行业配置总水量不确定性范围为14 375万~15 154万m³。IFMOP水资源配置模型在信息不充分的条件下能够全面使用各类数据信息进行水资源配置,更好地满足水资源在各行业配置过程中的动态管理需求。