基于改进迭代最近点算法的接骨板贴合性快捷计算方法

为了快速计算出接骨板在断骨表面的最佳贴合位置,以减少手术中接骨板反复调整的次数,提出了一种基于改进迭代最近点（ICP）算法的接骨板贴合性快捷计算方法。首先,由医生指导在断骨表面选取贴合区域,并利用接骨板表面点的法向量之间的夹角提取接骨板的内曲面点云;然后,在对两组点云模型进行平滑处理并采用格点采样的方式来简化点云模型后,利用点云之间的特征关系进行初始配准;最后,对接骨板内曲面点云模型进行边界及内部特征关键点提取,并采用K-维树（KD-Tree）搜索邻近点,对接骨板的特征关键点和断骨表面选取区域执行ICP精确配准。以胫骨为例进行实验,实验结果表明,所提算法相较于近年所提配准算法在保持较高配准度的同时提高了配准效率,能够实现胫骨不同受损类型与接骨板之间的快速配准,并且对其他受损骨骼具有通用性。     

基于多层次空间注意力的图文评论情感分析方法

随着社交网络的不断普及,相对于传统的文字描述,人们更倾向于发布图文结合的评论来表达自己的情感与意见。针对图文情感分析方法中仅考虑图文间的高级语义联系,而较少注意图片的低层次情感特征以及中层美学特征与文本情感之间关联性的问题,提出了一种基于多层次空间注意力（MLSA）的图文评论情感分析方法。所提方法以文本内容为驱动,使用MLSA设计图像与文本之间的特征融合方法,该特征融合方法不仅关注与文本相关的图像实体特征,而且充分利用图像的中层美学特征和低层视觉特征,从而从多个不同角度挖掘图文之间的情感共现。在两个公开的图文情感数据集MVSA_Single和MVSA_Multi上,该方法的分类效果相对于对比方法中最优的方法的分类效果在准确率上分别提高了0.96和1.06个百分点,在F1值上分别提高了0.96和0.62个百分点。实验结果表明,综合分析文本特征和图像特征之间的层次化联系能有效地增强神经网络捕捉图文情感语义的能力,从而更准确地预测图文整体的情感。     

基于双向注意力机制的多模态情感分类方法

社交网络的发展为情感分析研究提供了大量的多模态数据。结合多模态内容进行情感分类可以利用模态间数据的关联信息,从而避免单一模态对总体情感把握不全面的情况。使用简单的共享表征学习方法无法充分挖掘模态间的互补特征,因此提出多模态双向注意力融合(Multimodal Bidirectional Attention Hybrid, MBAH)模型,在深度模型提取的图像和文本特征基础上,利用双向注意力机制在一个模态下引入另一个模态信息,将该模态的底层特征与另一模态语义特征通过注意力计算学习模态间的关联信息,然后联结两种模态的高层特征形成跨模态共享表征并输入多层感知器得到分类结果。此外MBAH模型应用后期融合技术结合图文单模态自注意力模型搜寻最优决策权值,形成最终决策。实验结果表明,MBAH模型情感分类结果相较于其他方法具有明显的提升。     

基于深度学习的医学图像配准技术研究进展

医学图像配准技术对于病灶检测、临床诊断、手术规划,疗效评估等有着广泛的应用价值。系统性地总结了基于深度学习的配准算法,从深度迭代、全监督、弱监督到无监督学习的研究发展趋势,分析了各种方法的优势与局限。总体来看,无论是对数据的要求、配准精度,还是计算效率,无监督学习因其不依赖金标准和解剖标签,采用端到端的网络配准框架就可以自动执行需要的任务等优势成为研究的主流方向。然而,基于无监督学习的医学图像配准方法在医学图像领域的可解释性、跨模态多样性和可重复可扩展性方面同样面临着一些研究难点和挑战,这为将来实现更精准的医学图像配准方法指明了研究方向。     

用于水下机器人导航的序列海底图像配准方法

为了增加深海海底图像匹配对应点的数量和正确率. 本文针对水下机器人导航的序列海底图像, 提出了基于图像信息和先验知识的带状对应点配准方法. 首先对深海海底图像进行适当的光照补偿和图像线性增强等预处理. 然后利用导航数据作为引导思想, 根据拍摄图像的物理位置偏移量, 计算邻接图像相似区域(即邻接图像带状区域). 以带状区域内计算特征对应点代替全局计算特征对应点. 增加图像配准点的个数, 降低误配率. 在具有重复纹理和低纹理的深海海底图像实验中证明, 较单独使用图像信息的配准, 该方法有效的增加了图像配准对应点的数量和正确率.     

空地融合的城市道路基础设施数字化技术研究

城市道路基础设施三维模型的重构,在城市道路BIM应用与数字化领域具有重大意义;针对城市交通基础设施数字化重构的需求,对车载激光扫描与无人机倾斜摄影采集技术进行综合运用,提出一套从信息采集、空地点云配准、点云分割到三维重构的完整技术方法;首先使用车载激光扫描技术和无人机倾斜摄影技术对交通基础设施信息进行采集,并使用运动恢复结构算法(SfM,structure from motion)生成基础设施空地点云;其次使用迭代最近点法(ICP,iterative closest point)对空地点云进行精配准,然后利用基于PointNet网络的方法对融合点云进行语义分割;最后对分割出的交通基础设施对象进行三维重构;提出的空地融合的城市交通基础设施数字化技术能够高效地实现交通基础设施重构,为城市交通基础设施数字化提供基础、为后续交通专业领域的应用研究提供便利.     

Robust registration based compensation method based on sparse recovery

The loss of the degree of system freedom and mismatch of prior information based on the registration based compensation (RBC) method will result in a decline in computational performance. In order to solve above problems, a robust method named SRBC is proposed where the sparse recovery method is applied instead of the sub-aperture smoothing operation. First, the SRBC utilizes the sparse recovery to get the super resolution clutter space-time spectrum. Then the transition covariance matrix is calculated. Finally, the clutter covariance matrix is reconstructed by the Capon spectrum. Compared with the traditional RBC method, the SRBC proposed does not depend on sub-aperture smoothing operation and prior information and maintains the performance of clutter range-dependence. In addition, it is also steadier when the sensor error exists. Experimental simulation demonstrates the correctness and feasibility of this method.     

Registration based compensation method based on adaptive subspace tracking

The registration based compensation (RBC) method is an effective method to compensate the range-dependence of the main-lobe clutter and side-lobe clutter in the same time. However, the compensation performance of the RBC degrades because of the mismatch of prior information and the loss of degree of system freedom. Moreover, the RBC is not very suited for real-time implementation because of the enormous computational complexity and memory usage of eigenvalue decomposition. In this paper, a novel clutter range-dependence compensation method using the modified maximum likelihood adaptive subspace estimation algorithm, which is named the MRBC method for short, is proposed. The eigenvectors matrix and eigenvalues matrix of the clutter covariance matrix are estimated by iterative tracking instead of temporal and spatial smoothing, spectrum calculation and eigenvalue decomposition. Compared with the traditional RBC method, the proposed method can reduce the computational complexity significantly and maintain the performance of clutter range-dependence compensation. In addition, the proposed method can also achieve good performance when the system error exists because of no use of prior information. Experimental simulations demonstrate the validity of this method.     

Adaptive particle swarm optimization method with stagnancy information

To improve the performance of the particle swarm optimization algorithm, the optimal network of the particle age structure with stagnation information is designed, and the information about this network is used to adaptively change the three key parameters of the particle swarm optimization algorithm. At the same time, an adaptive particle swarm optimization method with stagnancy information is proposed and specific optimization steps of this method are given. Four classical low and high dimension benchmark test functions are used to validate the performance of the optimization method, and a comparison study is made with gravitational search algorithm and the traditional particle swarm optimization algorithm without stagnancy information. The comparison study shows that the search efficiency of the proposed method is 2 times higher than that of other methods in the literature in the case of low dimensional multimodal functions. When the dimension of functions is higher than 2, the search efficiency of the proposed method is almost the same as that of other methods, but with the better ability to achieve global solution and local solutions, and the higher solving precision.     

一种鲁棒的多态人脸识别算法

如何处理人脸识别中的多态性一直是人脸识别领域的一个难题。传统的图嵌入算法忽视了同类中多态子类间的同属关系,而且也没有恰当地处理异类间的区别信息。该文提出一种鲁棒的图嵌入人脸识别算法,该算法可以恰当地模拟同类中的多态间关系,而且能在局部流形结构与全局区别信息间实现平衡。基于多个公开数据库的人脸识别实验证明了该方法的有效性。