Differentiation between the terms ”confined masonry“ and ”infill masonry“

This publication concerns the differentiation between the terms ”confined masonry“ and ”infill masonry“ using the example of the national technical approval Z‐17.1‐1145 – POROTON S9 MW –vertically perforated clay units with integrated thermal insulation using thin layer mortar [1].     

In Situ Chelating Synthesis of Hierarchical LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2 Polyhedron Assemblies with Ultralong Cycle Life for Li‐Ion Batteries

Layered lithium transition‐metal oxides, with large capacity and high discharge platform, are promising cathode materials for Li‐ion batteries. However, their high‐rate cycling stability still remains a large challenge. Herein, hierarchical LiNi_1/3Co_1/3Mn_1/3O₂ polyhedron assemblies are obtained through in situ chelation of transition metal ions (Ni²⁺, Co²⁺, and Mn²⁺) with amide groups uniformly distributed along the backbone of modified polyacrylonitrile chains to achieve intimate mixing at the atomic level. The assemblies exhibit outstanding electrochemical performances: superior rate capability, high volumetric energy density, and especially ultralong high‐rate cyclability, due to the superiority of unique hierarchical structures. The polyhedrons with exposed active crystal facets provide more channels for Li⁺ diffusion, and meso/macropores serve as access shortcuts for fast migration of electrolytes, Li⁺ and electrons. The strategy proposed in this work can be extended to fabricate other mixed transition metal‐based materials for advanced batteries.     

A new methodology for Bayesian history matching using parallel interacting Markov chain Monte Carlo

This paper presents an innovative application of a new class of parallel interacting Markov chains Monte Carlo to solve the Bayesian history matching (BHM) problem. BHM consists of sampling a posterior distribution given by the Bayesian theorem. Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) is well suited for sampling, in principle, any type of distribution; however the number of iteration required by the traditional single-chain MCMC can be prohibitive in BHM applications. Furthermore, history matching is typically a highly nonlinear inverse problem, which leads in very complex posterior distributions, characterized by many separated modes. Therefore, single chain can be trapped into a local mode. Parallel interacting chains is an interesting way to overcome this problem, as shown in this paper. In addition, we presented new approaches to define starting points for the parallel chains. For validation purposes, the proposed methodology is firstly applied in a simple but challenging cross section reservoir model with many modes in the posterior distribution. Afterwards, the application to a realistic case integrated to geostatistical modelling is also presented. The results showed that the combination of parallel interacting chain with the capabilities of distributed computing commonly available nowadays is very promising to solve the BHM problem.     

CATIA V5环境下基于产品数模的三坐标测量机测点自动采样

为了实现CAD与CAIP(计算机辅助测量规划)的集成,提出了一种基于产品三维模型的CMM(三坐标测量机)测量点采样方法。该方法从产品的IGES文件中有效识别型面形状与边界定义,采用均匀采样与依曲率变化二次采样相结合的策略,针对各个型面类型制定专门的信息处理机制,实现测量点的自动采样,并通过转换在参数平面中判断采样点与裁剪区域的隶属关系,以有效剔除无效采样点;通过典型飞机部件外形曲面的采样点生成结果表明,该方法能有效应用于飞机的测量规划中。     

有理数域基于膜计算的算术运算设计与实现

为了生物计算机的实现,算术运算是完成所有计算模型的最基本运算;到目前为止,对膜系统中算术运算的研究只是处于整数域内,还没有实现有理数域内的算术运算;为实现有理数域的乘除法运算,基于生物类细胞模型,介绍了膜计算的基本原理和特性,然后构造基于规则优先级的算术P系统来实现有理数域内的乘法和除法,并举出相应的例子进行详细的说明以及实验仿真;实验仿真结果表明,提出的构造分数P系统来实现有理数域内的乘除法的思想和设计的规则是正确的,能够得到预期目标。     

一种基于分层的人类动作识别和定位算法研究

人类动作识别在视频自动分析、视频检索等领域获得广泛应用,是目前的研究热点。然而现有的动作识别方法重点关注视频的非静态部分而忽略大部分静态部分,从而影响了动作识别和定位的效果。本文提出一种新的分层空间-时间分段表示法,以分层方式实现部位和整个身体的多分辨率表示,可用于运动识别和定位。该算法分为3个步骤。第一步,首先对每个视频帧进行分层分段,以得到一组分段树,每颗树是身体分段树的候选。第二步,利用视频的轮廓、接合对象结构、全局前景色等信息对候选分段树进行修剪。第三步,在时域上对剩余分段层的每个分段进行前向和后向跟踪。我们以难度较大的UCF-Sports和HighFive数据集为实验对象,对本文方法进行性能评估,实验结果表明,本文方法的性能要优于当前最新运动检测算法性能,运动定位性能与当前最新算法相当。     

Sound Absorption Performance and Mechanism of Aluminum Foams with Double Main Pore-Porous Cell Wall Structure

To enhance the sound absorption performance of open-cell aluminum foam, the double main pores-porous cell walls (DMP-PCW) aluminum foams via infiltration casting of preforms mixed with two sizes of NaCl particles are prepared. The pore structure, sound absorption performance, and mechanism of DMP-PCW aluminum foam are investigated. The pore structure consists of double-sized main pores similar to the NaCl particles and the cell wall pores formed by the connections between NaCl particles. It is found that the static flow resistivity of DMP-PCW aluminum foam reaches an optimum value of 28105 Pa.s m⁻² when the volume proportion of small main pores increases, the size of cell wall pores decreases, and the number of cell wall pores per unit main pore surface area (NPPA) increases. At 800–6300 Hz, the average absorption coefficient is 0.89. In addition, the Wilson model predicts the sound absorption properties of DMP-PCW aluminum foam. The predicted values agree well with the measured values. The finite-element acoustic simulations and dynamic viscous-thermal permeability calculations reveal that the improved sound absorption performance of DMP-PCW aluminum foam is correlated to the enhanced sound transmission caused by increased NPPA and increased viscous-thermal loss due to the double main pore structure.     

Efficient conditional probability theorem and importance sampling-based methods for global reliability sensitivity analysis

Global reliability sensitivity (GRS) analysis can measure the effect of random inputs on failure probability (FP). To efficiently solve GRS, two conditional probability theorem (CPT)-based methods are proposed by combining adaptive Kriging (AK) with importance sampling (IS) (CPT-AK-IS) and combining AK with Meta-IS (CPT-AK-Meta-IS) respectively. Firstly, differentiation approximation and CPT are used to convert the estimation of conditional probability density function (PDF), which is required by the existing Bayes theorem-based methods, into that of a series of probabilities. Secondly, GRS can be directly estimated by the failure samples of IS, while the existing Bayes theorem methods based on IS need to transform the failure samples of IS into those of original PDF. Both the first and second strategies can reduce the computational complexity of solving GRS. Thirdly, by selecting a suitable differentiation interval with a proposed adaptive strategy, the estimation of a series of probabilities can be accurately completed as a byproduct of one IS based simulation for solving FP without additional computational cost. Finally, by introducing AK into IS and Meta-IS, it can reduce the number of evaluating performance function and the size of candidate sample pool simultaneously. These novelties are sufficiently verified by the presented examples.