Types as Graphs: Continuations in Type Logical Grammar

Using the programming-language concept of continuations, we propose a new, multimodal analysis of quantification in Type Logical Grammar. Our approach provides a geometric view of in-situ quantification in terms of graphs, and motivates the limited use of empty antecedents in derivations. Just as continuations are the tool of choice for reasoning about evaluation order and side effects in programming languages, our system provides a principled, type-logical way to model evaluation order and side effects in natural language. We illustrate with an improved account of quantificational binding, weak crossover, wh-questions, superiority, and polarity licensing.     

多硝基吡啶的密度泛函理论研究

在B3LYP/6 31++G 理论水平上优化了一系列多硝基吡啶的几何构型,计算了它们的电子结构、分子摩尔体积和标准摩尔热力学性质。结果表明,在吡啶的2、6位引入硝基,环上C—N键变短,而在吡啶的3、4位引入硝基和2、6位引入氨基都对环上C—N键影响很小。氨基的引入可使与C—NH2相邻的C—NO2键级增大。在B3LYP/6 31++G 水平上,Mulliken集居数分析方法不适合于吡啶类化合物原子净电荷的计算,而自然集居数分析方法是比较适用的。3,5 二氨基 2,4,6 三硝基吡啶的理论计算密度达到了2.2g·cm-3,并且它的C—NO2键级略小于DATB,预示着其为高密度低感高能炸药。     

Implicit gradient elasticity

A new formulation of gradient elasticity is derived and implemented. Padé approximations are used to introduce an implicit relation between non‐local strains and displacements. As a result, the finite element interpolation requires only ??⁰‐continuous (rather than ??¹‐continuous) shape functions. The underlying energy functional is presented and it is found that the present formulation is of the mixed type, whereby the non‐local strains act as the primary unknowns and the displacements as the auxiliary unknowns. The implications on the interpolation are studied. Finally, the influence of the additional length scale parameter on the global response is assessed. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

扩展的逻辑程序系统及其语义理论

将逻辑程序系统由一阶逻辑中解放出来是复杂对象推理所迫切需要的.本文提出扩展的逻辑程序语言HILOG并建立其语义理论,扩充了逻辑程序系统的形式语义.HILOG为一带类型语言.通过建立诸如p-包含及装配/拆卸等代数概念,本文扩充了逻辑满足及模型比较等概念,证明了一HILOG程序具有一最小模型闭包及标准(装配形式)最小模型的唯一性,提出了模型的p-相交定理及扩充的最小模型极小不动点性质.一阶逻辑程序语义在上述各方面恰为HILOG语义之特殊情况,二者语义上的联系提供了将HILOG程序映射到一阶系统的可能性.     

A new method for the measurement of solar collector time constant

A new test method about the time constant of the solar collector has been presented in this paper. It is simple and has been validated through experiments. With the new method it is not necessary to adjust the inlet temperature of the transfer fluid as closely as possible to the ambient air temperature. Also, it is not necessary to know the characteristic parameters of the collector in advance. The model used in the paper is a first order system model, as in most cases. The experimental data obtained from the test of solar collector time constant shows that the solar collector is not a strictly first order system. A criterion is proposed to decide whether the system is a first order system or not and the resemblance of the system to the first order system.     

Studies on the polymerization of propylene using high activity ziegler-natta catalysts. 1: Kinetic models for rate decay in ziegler-natta polymerization

Kinetic models for describing the time dependence of the polymerization rate and active centre concentration for high activity Ziegler-Natta catalyst systems are discussed. It is demonstrated that the decay in the rate of polymerization and in the concentration of active centres with time for the polymerization of propylene with the heterogeneous catalyst system MgCl₂/EB/TiCl₄? Al(i-Bu)₃/EB can be represented better by a modified multi-centre first order decay model than by the other models which are considered.     

波浪对三维浮体的二阶作用

本文通过求解二阶势的方法对波浪与任意形状三维物体的相互作用问题做了研究，波浪运动的二阶势应用高阶边界元方法进行计算，为了高阶边界元法的应用，本文给出了一个无速度势二阶空间导数，无奇异积分的新的积分方程。     

直立摇板简谐摇荡造二维波时所受水动力矩的频域二阶解和时域线性解

本文给出直立摇板简谐摇荡造二维波时所受水动力矩的频域二阶解和时域线性解的解析表达式,可供估算摇板式造波机设计功率时使用,也可为摇板所受水动力矩时域非线性数值计算提供比较的依据。     

Review of Free and unequal: The biological basis of individual liberty.

Reviews the book "Free and unequal: The biological basis of individual liberty" by Roger J. Williams (see record 1954-01800-000). The authors thesis of this book is that given the undoubted fact of great human variability, what is needed to insure a good social order is individual freedom. "There is no middle ground: distinctiveness, individual worth, and freedom rise or jail together." An eminent chemist, the author has contributed to extend the study of genetics into the significant field of biochemistry. As a teacher and a nutritionist, he is by no means neglectful of the importance of environmental factors in development and well-being. But he insists that nutrition and education should be adjusted to the needs of each individual. The author detects a current trend toward assembly-line methods and away from due recognition of individuality. Overall though, the reviewer notes that the book is not heavy reading, and has been enjoyed by those who have read it thus far. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)