ESTIMATION OF VAPOR PRESSURES OF ORGANIC NITROGEN AND SULFUR COMPOUNDS BY A GROUP-CONTRIBUTION METHOD

The group-contribution method for vapor pressures of hydrocarbons and organic compounds containing nitrogen or sulfur, based on the kinetic theory of fluids, is revised and extended to include new groups containing nitrogen or sulfur. Good representation is obtained for vapor pressure data in the region 1.30-270 kPa. The method may be used to estimate vapor pressures and enthalpies of vaporization for those organic fluids containing nitrogen or sulfur, where no experimental data are available.     

有机硅改性丙烯酸酯核-壳结构压敏胶聚合物乳液的研制

采用种子乳液聚合的方法制备了一种新型具有核/壳结构的有机硅改性丙烯酸酯压敏胶聚合物乳液,讨论了多官能团有机硅氧烷功能性单体、核壳单体结构、乳化剂、引发剂以及聚合温度等因素对压敏胶聚合物乳液性能的影响。     

常见塑料溶解性能研究及其混合物的选择性分离

以常见塑料为原料,以有机物为溶剂,研究了塑料在有机溶剂中的溶解性能,提出了选择性分离混合塑料的方案。结果表明,实验所选用的塑料在有机溶剂中的溶解性能和溶解条件不同;可利用塑料与有机溶剂的相容性差别分离混合塑料。     

Integrating a membrane and a fluidized pellet reactor for removing hardness: effects of NOM and phosphate

A novel treatment process combining a membrane with outside-in flow configuration and a fluidized pellet rector for removing hardness was studied. The effects of influent water quality, e.g., concentrations of natural organic matter (NOM) and phosphate along with the hydrophobicity of NOM, on the hardness removal efficiency of the novel process were investigated. The hardness removal efficiency decreases with increasing NOM concentration. However, the NOM removal efficiency is independent of NOM concentration and is related to the hydrophobicity of NOM samples. Raw water containing phosphate has adverse impact on the hardness removal efficiency, which decreases from 85% for treating water containing no phosphate to only 38% and 14% for water containing 0.33 mg/L and 1.63 mg/L of phosphate, respectively.     

有机磷化物制备羟基磷灰石工艺条件的探讨

探索用有机磷化物制备羟基磷灰石的工艺条件：采用硝酸钙、氨水、磷酸三丁酯为原料进行正交对比研究，优化得到了制备较佳羟基磷灰石的工艺条件。优化的工艺条件为：原料中Ca／P（molar ratio）1．67；Ca（NO3）2、4H2O／NH3H2O（g／g）为0.99；烧结温度为850℃：恒温时间为5h，并对合成的样品进行了化学和红外光谱的分析。     

过硼酸钠在有机合成中新的应用

介绍了过硼酸钠在有机合成中的一些新的应用。综述了过硼酸钠与芳胺、芳酰胺、有机硼化物、醛等化合物的氧化,取代、酯化反应。     

国内外有机颜料发展最新动向

世界有机颜料产量为33万吨,我国有机颜料产量为12．7万吨;其市场需求以5%～6％的速度增长。颜料的种类以铜酞菁(30.6％)、红色偶氮颜料(25.5%)、联苯胺黄(25．3％)占据主导地位,高性能有机颜料的需求增加6％。世界有机颜料的发展动向是设置“技术壁垒”的力度进一步加强;加快开发高性能有机颜料和提高制造技术的步伐;而国内有机颜料生产和市场活跃,新品不断,出口增长,企业实力增强;但应注重提高产品质量和检测技术,采用清洁工艺生产,增加有机颜料的附加值、     

超声波应用于有机合成的最新进展

近年来，超声波在有机合成中的应用发展非常迅速，和传统的有机合成相比，它具有反应条件温和，操作方便，易于控制，提高产率和缩短反应的时间等优点。本文在对研究大量中外文献的基础上，综述了超声波应用于有机合成的最新进展。     

Production of propylene glycol fatty acid monoesters by lipase-catalyzed reactions in organic solvents

Fatty acid monoesters of propylene glycol (1,2-propanediol) are good water-in-oil emulsifiers. These esters were synthesized enzymatically to overcome the problems associated with chemical processes. APseudomonas lipase was added to reaction mixtures containing propylene glycol and various acyl donors (fatty acids, fatty acid ethyl esters, fatty acid anhydrides and triglycerides) in organic solvents, and the mixtures were shaken at 30°C. The products were analyzed by gas chromatography. The yield of monoesters was affected by the acyl donors, organic solvents, temperature, water content, pH memory and reaction time. The anhydrous (lyophilized) enzyme and fatty acid anhydrides were best for monoester production. The optimum pH ranges were 4–5 and 8–10. The yields of propylene glycol monolaurate, monomyristate, monopalmitate, monostearate and monooleate with 50 mM fatty acid anhydrides as acyl donors were 97.2, 79.6, 83.7, 89.7 and 93.4 mM, respectively; those with 50 mM fatty acids as acyl donors were 37.3, 28.7, 28.7, 35.3 and 36.2 mM, respectively. The yields of propylene glycol monopalmitate, monostearate and monooleate with 50 mM triglycerides as acyl donors were 87.4, 65.1 and 83.2 mM, respectively.     

几种云南木材液体浸渍行为的研究

研究了几种云南木材在水和有机液体中的浸渍行为 ,探讨了浸渍液体的溶解度参数、木材种类和密度、助浸剂、浸渍时间和压力以及电子束辐射 (EBI)等因素对木材的液体浸渍行为的影响