步进电机S曲线精确控制的研究与验证

针对生产中对步进电机运行时间和距离有精确要求的常见工况,设计一套步进电机S曲线控制算法,根据不同的运行要求灵活设定运动过程,设定较少参数即能规划整个运动路径,达到理想的运动效果。设计新型余弦S曲线,搭建MATLAB/Simulink仿真控制模型和硬件测试系统进行仿真和试验验证。结果显示电机实际加减速过程运行平滑,起步稳定振动小,设定参数下可以精确运行,与直接起停相比,运行效果有很大改善。新型余弦S曲线已在全自动号码机项目中得到实际应用。     

基于改进深度强化学习的智能微电网群控制优化方法

针对微电网群控制的经济效益、负荷波动以及碳排放问题,提出一种基于改进深度强化学习的智能微电网群运行优化方法。首先,计及分布式电源、电动汽车及负荷特性,提出微电网的系统模型。然后,针对微电网群的运行特点,提出4个系统优化目标和5个约束条件,并且引入分时电价机制调控负荷运行。最后,利用改进深度强化学习算法对微电网群进行优化,合理调控多种能源协同出力,调整负荷状态,实现电网经济运行。仿真结果表明了所提方法的有效性,与其他方法相比,其收益较高且碳排放量较小,可实现系统的经济环保运行。     

MMP1 and MMP11 Expression in Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells upon Their Interaction with Breast Cancer Cells and Fibroblasts

Tumor-infiltrating immune cells phenotype is associated with tumor progression. However, little is known about the phenotype of the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from breast cancer patients. We investigated MMP1 and MMP11 expression in PBMC from breast cancer patients and we analyzed gene expression changes upon their interaction with cancer cells and cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAF). We measured the impact of PBMC on proinflammatory gene expression in breast cancer cells, normal fibroblast (NF), and CAF and the impact on proliferation and invasiveness capacity of breast cancer cells. Gene expression of MMP1 and MMP11 in PBMC from breast cancer patients (n = 54) and control (n = 28); expression of IL1A, IL6, IL17, IFNβ, and NFĸB in breast cancer cell lines (MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231); and, additionally, IL10 and MMP11 in CAF and NF were analyzed by qRT-PCR before and after co-culture. Our results show the existence of a subpopulation of breast cancer patients (25.9%) with very high levels of MMP11 gene expression in PBMC. Also, gene expression of MMP1 and MMP11 increases in PBMC after co-culture with breast cancer cell lines, NF or CAF. PBMC from healthy or breast cancer patients induce an increased proliferation rate on MCF-7 and an increased invasiveness capacity of MDA-MB-231. Finally, we show a differential expression profile of inflammatory genes in NF and CAF when co-cultured with control or breast cancer PBMC. We have observed that MMPs’ expression in PBMC is regulated by the microenvironment, while the expression of inflammatory genes in NF or CAF is differentially regulated by PBMC. These findings confirm the importance of the crosstalk between stromal cells and suggest that PBMC would play a role in promoting aggressive tumor behavior.     

Sensitivity to Cisplatin in Head and Neck Cancer Cells Is Significantly Affected by Patient-Derived Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts

Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are one of the most abundant and critical components of the tumor stroma. CAFs can impact many important steps of cancerogenesis and may also influence treatment resistance. Some of these effects need the direct contact of CAFs and cancer cells, while some involve paracrine signals. In this study, we investigated the ability of head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC) patient-derived CAFs to promote or inhibit the colony-forming ability of HNSCC cells. The effect of cisplatin on this promoting or inhibiting influence was also studied. The subsequent analysis focused on changes in the expression of genes associated with cancer progression. We found that cisplatin response in model HNSCC cancer cells was modified by coculture with CAFs, was CAF-specific, and different patient-derived CAFs had a different “sensitizing ratio”. Increased expression of VEGFA, PGE2S, COX2, EGFR, and NANOG in cancer cells was characteristic for the increase of resistance. On the other hand, CCL2 expression was associated with sensitizing effect. Significantly higher amounts of cisplatin were found in CAFs derived from patients who subsequently experienced a recurrence. In conclusion, our results showed that CAFs could promote and/or inhibit colony-forming capability and cisplatin resistance in HNSCC cells via paracrine effects and subsequent changes in gene expression of cancer-associated genes in cancer cells.     

IgGs-Abzymes from the Sera of Patients with Multiple Sclerosis Recognize and Hydrolyze miRNAs

Autoantibodies-abzymes hydrolyzing DNA, myelin basic protein, and oligosaccharides have been revealed in the sera of patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). In MS, specific microRNAs are found in blood and cerebrospinal fluid, which are characterized by increased expression. Autoantibodies, specifically hydrolyzing four different miRNAs, were first detected in the blood of schizophrenia patients. Here, we present the first evidence that 23 IgG antibodies of MS patients effectively recognize and hydrolyze four neuroregulatory miRNAs (miR-137, miR-9-5p, miR-219-2-3p, and miR-219-5p) and four immunoregulatory miRNAs (miR-21-3p, miR-146a-3p, miR-155-5p, and miR-326). Several known criteria were checked to show that the recognition and hydrolysis of miRNAs is an intrinsic property of MS IgGs. The hydrolysis of all miRNAs is mostly site-specific. The major and moderate sites of the hydrolysis of each miRNA for most of the IgG preparations coincided; however, some of them showed other specific sites of splitting. Several individual IgGs hydrolyzed some miRNAs almost nonspecifically at nearly all internucleoside bonds or demonstrated a combination of site-specific and nonspecific splitting. Maximum average relative activity (RA) was observed in the hydrolysis of miR-155-5p for IgGs of patients of two types of MS—clinically isolated syndrome and relapsing-remitting MS—but was also high for patients with primary progressive and secondary progressive MS. Differences between RAs of IgGs of four groups of MS patients and healthy donors were statistically significant (p < 0.015). There was a tendency of decreasing efficiency of hydrolysis of all eight miRNAs during remission compared with the exacerbation of the disease.     

“三全育人” 格局下高校辅导员队伍角色定位与转型论析

高校围绕立德树人根本使命,正在积极构建全员全过程全方位育人格局。在此形势下,作为高校思政工作一线骨干力量的辅导员队伍面临新的角色转型,找准自己在高校"大思政"中的新定位,要成为全员育人的骨干力量,做思想政治教育和管理工作的组织者与育人资源的协调者;要成为全过程育人的融通力量,做学生全面成长的指导者与持续发展的推动者;要成为全方位育人的串联力量,做"十大"育人体系落地的终端实施者与成效评估者。在三全育人的新格局下,辅导员队伍要与校内外育人队伍一起,协同攻关、形成合力,共同推进一体化育人机制。     

A Brief Introduction on Joint Radar and Communication Systems

Joint radar and communication(JRC) technology is gradually becoming an essential approach to alleviating spectral congestion. Radar and communications systems were designed with common spectral and hardware resources to reduce size, improve performance, reduce cost, and decongest the spectrum. Various approaches have been proposed to achieve the coexistence of radar and communication systems. This paper mainly focuses on the research directions of radar communication coexistence(RCC) and dual-function radar communication systems(DFRC) in JRC technology. We summarize and analyze the existing research problems in the JRC era. According to the characteristics and advantages of JRC technology, we highlight several potentials in military and commercial applications.     

A Random Nonstationary Pulse Train Model

A simple and mathematically tractable model of a nonstationary process is developed.The process is the sum of waves where the parameters of the waves are random. Explicit expressions for the mean and autocorrelation function at each position as a function of time are obtained.In the case of infinite time, the model evolves into a stationary process. The time-frequency distribution at each position is also obtained. An explicit example is given where the initial waves are Gaussian. The case where there is dispersion in the propagation is also discussed.     

大气电场倒转与突发钠层及突发E层的相关性

突发钠层(Sporadic Sodium Layer, Na_S)是中高层大气金属层最为显著的一种现象,其发生机制目前尚无定论。突发E层(Sporadic E layer, E_S)是等离子体密度异常增大的薄层,被认为与Na_S密切相关。为进一步研究Na_S及E_S事件之间相关性及影响因素,利用中国科学院“子午工程”2010～2018年合肥科大站宽带钠荧光共振激光雷达观测结果,并结合武汉左岭镇站数字测高仪及九峰站大气电场仪数据,分析大气电场倒转(即北向电场)对Na_S以及E_S事件的影响。在统计的91例Na_S事件中,发生于大气电场倒转时的比例为20/91; 同时,在发生Na_S事件的事例中,E_S消失或中断的比例较大(14/20),表明E_S可能以提供钠源的形式转化为Na_S。此外,在分析武汉左岭镇站数字测高仪数据的同时进行概率统计,结果表明:当大气电场倒转时,E_S临界频率减小甚至消失的概率较大(187/242),少数情况下可能造成临界频率增大甚至激发E_S生成(55/242); E_S虚高消失比例为179/242,E_S不变比例为27/242,E_S上升比例为23/242。综上所述,大气北向电场在一定程度上对E_S事件的发生有抑制作用,并对E_S事件的发生高度有明显影响。最后,对一种与电场倒转相关的突发钠层机制也进行了讨论。     

水滑石材料处理工业废水的研究进展

工业废水主要由工业生产过程中产生的污水和废液组成,具有成分复杂、种类繁多、差异性大、难以处理等特点。主要综述了水滑石常用的制备方法,利用壳聚糖法、等离子体法、农业废弃物法进行改性制备复合材料。水滑石材料在吸附过程中多呈粉末状,难以回收,且工业化应用较少。针对以上问题,可采用引入Fe离子产生磁性,利于回收;通过开发更低廉的合成材料、简单快捷的制备方法、稳定的理化性质使水滑石材料得以工业化应用。水滑石复合材料在层板中引入磁性物质有助于回收,随着水滑石技术的深入研究和新工艺的发展,处理有毒污染物的前景必定会更广阔。