新工科背景下安全工程专业创新型人才培养路径研究 #br#

为实现新工科背景下安全工程专业创新人才培养目标,基于对创新能力内涵的充分理解,从创新精神、创新意识和创新思维三重角度出发,充分利用“校企协同”育人优势,确定安全工程专业创新型人才培养路径,包括创新型课程体系建设、创新型多维实践平台建设、创新型师资队伍建设及多学科交叉创业活动4条路径。将创新能力培养贯穿于安全工程专业人才培养的全过程,为高校实现创新型人才培养提出建议和参考。     

新时代家风建设的思想基础与实践路径探析 #br#

党的十八大以来,以习近平同志为核心的党中央高度重视家风建设在治国理政中的独特作用,深刻体现了家与国辩证统一的战略思维。优秀传统家训文化、马克思、恩格斯家庭观以及红色家风文化是新时代家风建设的思想基础。创造性转化和创新性发展优秀传统家训文化,继承和弘扬红色家风文化,运用好道德和制度两个杠杆,发挥好女性在家风建设中的重要作用是新时代家风建设的重要实践路径。     

高温混合障碍空间中的移动机器人路径规划

为了解决高温场景中移动机器人全局路径规划所面临的安全与效率问题,提出高温热源虚拟障碍的定义,建立混合障碍空间模型,将高温场景中的路径规划问题转化为高温混合障碍空间中考虑路径温度代价和长度代价的多目标优化问题. 改进NSGA-Ⅱ算法,通过选取优秀非可行解扩展种群,提高了种群多样性和进化效率,提出新的交叉和变异概率计算方法. 根据种群进化进程和个体代价函数值调整概率,实现了种群前期搜索能力和后期收敛性的平衡. 仿真所得的最优路径结果表明,该改进算法的路径长度代价虽然比原算法和其他改进算法略有增加,但温度代价大幅降低,更有效地避免了陷入局部最优.     

基于行车轨迹通信算法

随着城市中汽车数量的大增,汽车与汽车之间的通信系统显得尤为重要。因此互联网在行车过程中起到了重要的作用,其中的车载网便扮演着物物通信的功能。本文提出行车过程中复杂特性的分发算法,首先对多个城市中的汽车进行汽车行动路线的统计与分析,其中包含了通信车辆之间的距离、所连车辆的数量分布以及聚集指标,从结论分析得到车与车之间联系的数量呈现一定的指数分布;并且在小范围内,聚集指标比较高。根据上述特性分,推算出一种车辆行进轨迹数据的分发算法,以便于进行车辆与车辆的实时通信,这样就能大大提高车辆行驶的有效性和降低车祸之间的发生。     

基于改进遗传算法的机器人路径规划方法

针对基本遗传算法在机器人路径规划中存在收敛速度慢、易陷入局部最优解的问题,提出一种改进的遗传算法. 在适应度函数中增加带有惩罚项的平滑度函数; 引入精英保留机制,保留每一代最优个体; 自适应调整交叉概率和变异概率,使交叉概率和变异概率随进化次数变化而变化. 利用MATLAB在两种障碍物地图中与其他两种算法进行仿真对比分析,实验结果表明,改进后的算法在路径规划的应用中有效减少了机器人的转弯次数,提高了逃离局部最优路径的能力,寻优能力更强.     

带权强分离信任委托路径搜索*

在委托证书路径搜索和一致性证明时,在Keynote提出的证书图的基础上,采用有向图中深度优先遍历的思想以及图的动态特性,提出了一种新的一致性验证算法,通过找出一条最佳的带权分离委托路径可以表达否定安全凭证,同时通过有向图的搜索边标记提高搜索效率并有效避免回路循环搜索的问题.     

基于粒子群算法的移动机器人全局最优路径规划*

以栅格法和粒子群算法为基础,提出了一种新的机器人实时全局最优路径规划方法.该方法包括采用栅格法对环境进行建模和直接运用粒子群算法在环境模型中搜索全局最优路径.在计算机上进行了仿真,仿真结果证明了该方法的可行性和有效性.     

我国轮胎工业40年发展的真实写照与缩影 ——纪念《轮胎工业》创刊40周年

结合《轮胎工业》创刊40年来的报道内容,综述我国轮胎工业40年来的发展历程。我国轮胎生产从最初的使用棉帘线、天然橡胶生产斜交轮胎,通过不断的技术攻关,逐步发展到生产子午线轮胎、无内胎轮胎、扁平化轮胎,进而到航空轮胎、绿色轮胎、安全轮胎、智能轮胎,每一步发展都包含着大量科技创新和自主知识产权。发展民用航空子午线轮胎、新能源汽车轮胎、免充气轮胎等生产技术是“十四五”的发展重点。     

Microstructural evidence for short-circuit oxygen diffusion paths in the oxidation of a dilute Ni-Cr alloy

A comparative study of high-temperature oxidation of Ni containing 1 at.% Cr and pure Ni was carried out. Instead of the conventional kinetics study using thermogravimetry, a microlithographic marker experiment was designed. Observation of the markers using cross-sectional TEM and SEM has revealed striking differences in the scale morphology, microstructures, and oxidation mechanisms between pure Ni and the Cr-doped Ni substrates. In particular, the results suggest that a small addition of Cr promotes significant inward transport of oxygen. Marker experiments revealed that NiO grown on pure Ni is wholly attributable to outward-cation diffusion. In contrast, NiO grown on Ni–1 at.% Cr exhibited formation of a substantial inner layer having a submicron grain size, established by the markers to have formed from oxygen ingress. For pure Ni, voids were observed to be distributed only within oxide grains. In contrast, for Ni containing 1 at.% Cr, elongated pores formed extensively along oxide-grain boundaries. Formation of new fine-grain oxide in these pores was observed to have sometimes completely resealed the void. It is, therefore, proposed that the transport of oxygen in the case of oxide scale grown on Ni–1 at.% Cr occurs via voids (pores) formed by vacancy coalescence at the grain boundaries.     

A new short-path distillation system applied to the reduction of cholesterol in butter and lard

A molecular distillation plant, built particularly to increase the separation efficiency and to obtain safer working conditions, was tested to remove cholesterol from anhydrous butter and lard. A preliminary experiment was carried out with butter to evaluate the fractionation obtained at temperatures between 190 and 250°C and residual pressures between 10⁻³ and 10⁻⁴ torr. A second experiment was carried out at 185°C and at the maximum operational vacuum, evaluating the fractionation achieved within a time scale between 30 and 180 min. Cholesterol was almost completely removed during the second hour with minimal loss of low-molecular weight triglycerides. An experiment was carried out with lard at 250°C and maximum achievable operational vacuum (10⁻⁴ Torr), lasting approximately 6 h, and cholesterol was removed almost completely during the second hour without significant modifications in the triglyceride composition. This situation remained constant throughout the duration of the test.