Influence of the Preheat Treatment on the Microstructure and Properties of X37CrMoV5-1 Steel

The technological properties of the hot-work tool steels depend on their microstructural quality induced by the production process and the heat treatment. One of the frequently applied methods to improve microstructure is preheat treatment. The treatment of carbonitriding X37CrMoV5-1 steel has been investigated in fluidized bed furnaces. Thickness and phase composition have been conducted using optical microscopy Neophot 32 and scanning microscopy, JEOL 5400, after etching in nital.     

公开可得到的无密码水印系统的安全性分析

在许多水印商用场合，水印嵌入和检测软件作为一个黑盒子能够公开地被得到，基于这种水印系统模型，针对目前常用的三种水印嵌入方法进行安全性分析。理论分析表明，攻击者能够在保证电子产品质量的前提下很容易地删除水印，最后，提出相应的改进方向。     

坨五站中间乳化层快速增长原因及治理方案

胜利采油厂坨五站高含水(95％)原油化学预脱水中，二级沉降罐内油水相之间的中间乳化层增长迅速，引起了一系列问题。现场调查和大量室内测试结果表明，产生这一现象的原因有：油溶性破乳剂WD-1加入点不合理。有2／3的含水原油在通过油水分离器之后才与破乳剂混合；二级沉降罐进油口伸入油相内，油流的冲击达不到中间层；WD-1对坨五站混合原油中的稠油破乳脱水性能欠佳，不能适应坨五站混合原油组成和含水的变化。针对上述各种原因筛选出了性能更好的一种破乳剂1916。根据确定的几种原因采取了相应的措施：将破乳剂加入点改在3个并联油水分离器之前；将二级沉降罐的进油口移到水相内；改用筛选出的破乳剂1916，结果使中间乳化层的增长受到了抑制。图2表4参2。     

Transition to turbulence in rotating-disk boundary layers—convective and absolute instabilities

This work is an experimental study of mechanisms for transition to turbulence in the boundary layer on a rotating disk. In one case, the focus was on a triad resonance between pairs of traveling cross-flow modes and a stationary cross-flow mode. The other was on the temporal growth of traveling modes through a linear absolute instability mechanism first discovered by Lingwood (1995, J Fluid Mech 314:373–405). Both research directions made use of methods for introducing controlled initial disturbances. One used a distributed array of ink dots placed on the disk surface to enhance a narrow band of azimuthal and radial wave numbers of both stationary and traveling modes. The size of the dots was small so that the disturbances they produce were linear. Another approach introduced temporal disturbances by a short-duration air pulse from a hypodermic tube located above the disk and outside the boundary layer. Hot-wire sensors primarily sensitive to the azimuthal velocity component, were positioned at different spatial (r,θ) locations on the disk to document the growth of disturbances. Spatial correlation measurements were used with two simultaneous sensors to obtain wavenumber vectors. Cross-bicoherence was used to identify three-frequency phase locking. Ensemble averages conditioned on the air pulses revealed wave packets that evolved in time and space. The space–time evolution of the leading and trailing edges of the wave packets were followed past the critical radius for the absolute instability, r _{c A} . With documented linear amplitudes, the spreading of the disturbance wave packets did not continue to grow in time as r _{c A} was approached. Rather, the spreading of the trailing edge of the wave packet decelerated and asymptotically approached a constant. This result supports the linear DNS simulations of Davies and Carpenter (2003, J Fluid Mech 486:287–329) who concluded that the absolute instability mechanism does not result in a global mode, and that linear-disturbance wave packets are dominated by the convective instability. In contrast, wave-number matching between traveling cross-flow modes confirmed a triad resonance that lead to the growth of a low azimuthal number (n = 4) stationary mode. At transition, this mode had the largest amplitude. Signs of this mechanism can be found in past flow visualization of transition to turbulence in rotating disk flows.     

不同加工工艺的锑化镓晶片损伤研究

用透射电子显微镜、扫描电镜对锑化镓材料切、磨、抛等加工工艺引入的表面损伤进行观察和检测。结果表明：切割加工是锑化镓单晶晶片表面损伤层引入的主要工序；锑化镓单晶切割片表面极不平整，有金刚砂所引起的较粗桔皮皱纹；其表面损伤层深度≤30μm；双面研磨的锑化镓晶片表面仍有较粗桔皮皱纹，但比切割片的要细，而且桔皮皱纹的深浅随磨砂（Al2O3)粒径的减小而变细变浅；晶片的表面损伤层深度（≤5μm）也随着磨砂粒径的减小而减小。一般情况下，其损伤层的深度约为磨砂粒径的1/2。机械化学抛光加工的锑化镓晶片表面的SEM像观察不到桔皮皱纹；其损伤层深度约55nm。     

Religion and spirituality: Linkages to physical health.

Evidence is presented that bears on 9 hypotheses about the link between religion or spirituality and mortality, morbidity, disability, or recovery from illness. In healthy participants, there is a strong, consistent, prospective, and often graded reduction in risk of mortality in church/service attenders. This reduction is approximately 25% after adjustment for confounders. Religion or spirituality protects against cardiovascular disease, largely mediated by the healthy lifestyle it encourages. Evidence fails to support a link between depth of religiousness and physical health. In patients, there are consistent failures to support the hypotheses that religion or spirituality slows the progression of cancer or improves recovery from acute illness but some evidence that religion or spirituality impedes recovery from acute illness. The authors conclude that church/service attendance protects healthy people against death. More methodologically sound studies are needed. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Psychological separation, attachment security, vocational self-concept crystallization, and career indecision: A structural equation analysis.

Structural equation modeling was used to test theoretically based models in which psychological separation and attachment security variables were related to career indecision and those relations were mediated through vocational self-concept crystallization. In contrast to previous studies, which have found either weak or no support for a relation between separation or attachment security variables and career indecision, results based on a sample of 350 college students indicated that some components of separation and attachment security did relate to career indecision in a theoretically supportable direction. Results also revealed that regardless of whether global or component career indecision measures were used, separation and attachment security effects on indecision were at least partially mediated through vocational self-concept crystallization. The strongest mediated relations were observed for the effects of attachment anxiety and maternal separation. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

基于ASK无线数传模块的新型安防系统

将无线数传模块和具有低噪声的策控制电路集成设计为一体，构成检测信号和开关量控制信号无线传输的功能模块，并将该模块嵌入到探头和控制器内部，建立无线通讯子网，应用于智能能楼宇安防系统。很好的解决了无线信息冲突问题。经过试运行，系统工作稳定，无线探头报警可靠性达到了使用需求。     

针对混合应用业务的ARQ改进方案

在高速无线通信中,自动请求重传(ARQ)是链路层不可缺少的技术,它通过重传向上层屏蔽无线链路上包的丢失。随着无线网络的发展,无线传输速率不断提高,应用的业务类型也越来越广泛。目前,众多ARQ技术的研究都集中在如何提高该技术的确认效率,以适应更高的传输速率,但鲜有研究着手于如何使ARQ能够更好地应用于混合业务环境。针对混合业务环境下的ARQ改进提出了2种方案,并给出其中1种在实际应用中的改善效果。     

Evaluation of Handheld Radionuclide Identifiers

Characterization of commercially available instruments for measurement and identification of unknown radionuclides was carried out in support of the development and testing of the American National Standards Institute (ANSI) standard, N42.34, “Performance Criteria for Hand-held Instruments for the Detection and Identification of Radionuclides.” Measurements were based on the performance of the devices, i.e., the capability of the detectors to ensure a correct radionuclide identification in a given time interval for various radioactive sources.