职业苯中毒病因分析的数据处理

本文以处理哈尔滨电缆厂职工医院职防科的职业苯中毒流行病学调查资料为例,介绍了多因素分析研究中的得力工具—Logistic 回归分析模型及苯中毒病例—对照资料的计算机处理结果,可对医疗卫生部门、生产劳动组织部门及有关人士提供参考。     

MODELING OF COMPETITIVE ADSORPTION OF NITROGEN SPECIES IN HYDRODESULFURIZATION

Previously, we developed a simple, one-parameter model reproducing the observed inhibiting effect of nitrogen species in the hydrodesulfurization (HDS) of hindered sulfur heterocycles. The model owes its simplicity to some nontrivial assumptions. Here we develop a full model by relaxing these assumptions, which gives a more quantitative picture of how sulfur, nitrogen, and catalyst surface interact on many widely disparate time scales. Computational results build a strong case for the accuracy of the previous one-parameter theory. As such, the theory should be applicable to reaction systems in which catalyst poisoning is driven by nonequilibrium adsorption. Some of the complexities and subtleties in modeling the competitive adsorption effects in distillate HDS are discussed, giving special attention to the design of robust catalyst-deactivation-compensation operating strategies.     

Axial characterization of oxygen storage capacity in close-coupled lightoff and underfloor catalytic converters and impact of sulfur

The oxygen storage capacity of a 56,000 mile aged warmup and underfloor converter system was characterized as a function of axial location along the converters and compared with fresh samples having the same formulation. Measurements of oxygen storage were made using a titration technique and at conditions expected to be commonly encountered during OBD-II diagnosis of catalyst performance. Vehicle aging resulted in a dramatic loss of oxygen storage in the warmup converter presumably due to the severe thermal sintering, but the significant amount of phosphorus (P) and zinc (Zn) poison accumulation on this converter was found to impact oxygen storage minimally. This is in contrast to the measured impact of P and Zn deposition on warmed-up hydrocarbon conversion, which was found to be significant relative to the impact of thermal sintering. The underfloor converter was found to have retained nearly all of its original oxygen storage after vehicle aging, consistent with operation of this converter at moderate temperatures which do no result in severe thermal sintering of the noble metals and the ceria.

The impact of sulfur on the oxygen storage of both warmup and underfloor converter sections was dramatic. Sections in the forward part of the warmup converter and in the front brick of the underfloor converter had relatively modest oxygen storage capacity which was almost completely blocked as the sulfur concentration reached 75–150 ppm (equivalent in gasoline). Other sections such as the rear of the warmup converter and the rear monolith of the underfloor converter had more oxygen storage capacity, which was significantly decreased as the sulfur concentration reached 150 ppm equivalent in fuel, and was approached complete loss near 500 ppm sulfur equivalent in fuel.     

天然气高温燃烧用催化剂失活的研究进展

简要介绍了天然气高温催化燃烧的特征与机理，分别从催化剂的高温烧结、活性组分的迁移和流失、中毒、催化剂活性组分与载体的强相互作用、高温热震等引起的催化剂失活，概述了各种典型催化剂的高温失活机理，并对制备高温稳定的活泼催化剂提出了建议。     

深圳大学微型反应堆的改进

介绍深圳大学核技术所近年来对微型反应堆进行的一系列改进 ,包括 :采取特殊措施 ,延长微堆安全运行时间 ,从原来的 6～ 8h ,延长至 40h左右 ,成功研制了治疗肝癌的含稀土元素的放射性玻璃微球 ;建立了超热辐照管和计算机控制的循环跑兔装置 ,扩展了微堆活化分析范围和领域 ;研制出一种新颖、简单、准确 ,且无需添置任何设备的测量堆芯绝对中子通量密度的方法———氙中毒法 .尽管深大微堆具有固有的安全性 ,但它目前处于运行后期 .因腐蚀、疲劳等原因 ,核燃料元件包壳破损的可能性将越来越大 ,为此研制了安全监测计算机系统 ,一旦发生核燃料元件包壳破损时 ,系统能很快监测放射性泄漏 ,这对控制核污染起到十分重要的作用 .但这并不说明深大微堆已安全无事 .国外发生的一系列核泄漏事件昭示人们 ,在核安全管理中 ,人员因素至关重要 .不管放射性物质泄漏多与少 ,影响都很大 ,万万不能麻痹大意     

催化重整系列脱氯剂的研究与应用

介绍了催化重整工艺中HCl的来源与危害，讨论了脱氯剂在预加氢及重整氢和再生气脱氯中的应用及其特点。简要介绍了T型脱氯剂的概况，着重介绍了T型中三种新型脱氯剂的特点与应用。对在研究和应用过程中的脱氯剂构成、使用条件控制、催化剂中毒、氯容问题、硫影响问题、结块问题等诸多问题进行了探讨。     

铂漏板砷中毒事故分析

本文通过铂漏板中毒案例的分析,提出铂催化反应和电化学反应生成单质砷使铂漏板"中毒"的假设.     

2021年新乡市一起山夫登堡沙门菌食物中毒分离株的病原特征分析

目的 分析2021年新乡市一起山夫登堡沙门菌食物中毒分离株的病原特征。方法 对食物中毒事件进行流行病学调查;对采集的11份样本进行致病菌分离鉴定;对分离出的10株沙门菌进行血清学分型、药敏试验、5种毒力岛（SPIs）特征基因片段（mogA、sseL、mgtC、bcfA、araB）检测及脉冲场凝胶电泳（PFGE）分型分析。结果 10株沙门菌血清抗原式均为1,3,19;g,s,t,即山夫登堡沙门菌。10株沙门菌对头孢唑啉、卡那霉素、庆大霉素、阿米卡星的耐药率为100%,其中从患者粪便中分离出的2株对氨苄西林、四环素、多西环素、氯霉素、复方新诺明的耐药率为100%。PFGE图谱聚类分析显示,10株菌（2株病例株,5株食品株,3株环境株）之间条带无差异,高度同源。10株菌中5种毒力岛特征基因片段均检出。结论 本起食物中毒事件致病因子为山夫登堡沙门菌,该菌携带5种毒力岛特征基因片段,2株病例株沙门菌具有多重耐药性,建议相关部门高度关注。     

一起金黄色葡萄球菌食物中毒事件的病原检测和溯源分析

目的 对上海市浦东新区一起食物中毒事件进行病原检测和溯源分析,为此类事件的处置和判定提供依据。方法 对病例和从业人员肛拭子以及留样食品样品进行病原分离和鉴定;对分离株进行肠毒素检测、药物敏感性试验、脉冲场凝胶电泳(PFGE)和多位点序列分型(MLST)分子分型和溯源。结果 从9份病例肛拭子、1份从业人员肛拭子及3份留样食品样品中分离到13株金黄色葡萄球菌。10株人源分离株产A型和E型肠毒素,3株食源分离株产A型、D型和E型肠毒素。13株分离株均对青霉素耐药,PFGE条带相似度为100%,MLST分型均为ST6型。结论 本起事件是由金黄色葡萄球菌污染引起的食物中毒事件,需要进一步加强对食品加工企业、食堂等的宣传教育和管理,防止类似事件的发生。     

Removal of plant poisoning dyes by adsorption on Tomato Plant Root and green carbon from aqueous solution and its recovery

The organic dyes directly pollute the soil, water, plants and all living systems in the environment. The dyes like cationic Methylene blue (MB) and Crystal violet (CV) adsorption has been studied on Tomato Plant Root powder (TPR) and green carbon from aqueous solution for identifying the plant poisoning nature of cationic dyes. TPR powder is a cellulose material and green carbon is prepared from TPR powder by an ecofriendly method. The dyes adsorption mechanism on basic surface of cellulose and neutral surface of green carbon are correlated to evaluate the plant poisoning nature of organic dyes. The adsorption parameters were optimized to maximum adsorption. The maximum uptake of both dyes on TPR was 97% at 15 min and on carbon is 18% (CV) & 20% (MB) at 30 min. The adsorptions of MB and CV on TPR powder followed Freundlich and Langmuir adsorption isotherms and pseudo second order kinetics. The ?S^o, ?H^o and ?G^o of adsorption on TPR are calculated. The dyes recovery has been studied from dyes adsorbed TPR and green carbon. The adsorption mechanism and dye recovery studies proved the plant poisoning nature of MB and CV.