热带边部减薄及凸度控制技术结合的探讨

热轧带钢生产技术对产品厚度、宽度、凸度和中直度已能较好地控制以后,带钢边部减薄（塌边缺陷）的问题越来越受到重视。通过分析各种轧机机组的特点,认为采用CVC轧机或PC轧机与K－WRS轧机结合的技术,既可以大幅度地控制热轧带钢的凸度和平直度,又能消除边部减薄,在获得高质量产品的条件下,可实现更大的自由规程轧制。     

基于BP神经网络的条带刚凸特征回弹预测

为了研究核燃料组件格架的条带刚凸特征的回弹量与压边力、冲压速度、凸凹模间隙、摩擦系数等冲压工艺参数之间的关系,首先,获取包含50个GA拉丁超立方抽样的数据点以及10个随机抽样的数据点的数据集,前者作为训练集、后者作为测试集。将前者输入到BP神经网络进行训练,后者验证训练模型的精度。最后,通过响应面图研究各因素之间的交互作用以及各因素的敏感程度。结果表明:BP神经网络能够有效预测刚凸回弹量与冲压工艺参数之间的关系,相对于其他因素,压边力对回弹量的影响特别明显,冲压速度对回弹量的影响不明显,但与凸凹模间隙和摩擦系数有明显的交互作用。     

计及网损的快速经济调度方法

若网损近似为常数,对机组费用曲线满足凸特性的经济调度可解析求解,而网损实际是随机组功率变动而变动的,使这一解析求解的方法不能直接使用。对此,借助网损与机组功率间存在的线性凸特性的规律,依据潮流方程,提出网损随机组功率变动的快速经济调度算法,该算法将网损变动的经济调度问题转化成网损不变经济调度可解析的序列组合,使其在单调有限次代数计算后获得经济调度最优解。     

多面体低聚倍半硅氧烷纳米杂化材料制备方法研究进展

多面体低聚倍半硅氧烷(POSS)作为一种新型的有机-无机纳米杂化材料,在现代材料科学中显示出潜在的使用价值。不同取代基的POSS具有不同的反应活性,因此制备POSS基纳米复合材料的方法层出不穷。综述了以物理共混法和化学合成法制备POSS基纳米复合材料的研究进展,并展望了今后POSS基纳米杂化材料的发展前景。     

多面体低聚倍半硅氧烷晶粒诱导的聚乳酸结晶行为及性能

通过溶液及熔融两步共混方法,用带有环氧基的多面体低聚倍半硅氧烷(EVOS)对聚乳酸(PLA)进行改性,并对复合材料的力学性能、结晶性能和相态等方面进行了表征。实验结果表明,随着EVOS的加入,PLA冷结晶温度降低,结晶和熔融温度变化不大,结晶热和熔融热下降。1%的EVOS在PLA中实现了纳米尺度的分散,随着EVOS含量增加,球晶尺寸明显增加。当EVOS的添加量为5%时,材料的拉伸强度比纯PLA增加26.2%,达到最大值。     

一类三次曲线的形状分析

基于包络理论与拓扑映射的方法,对一类带有形状参数的三次曲线进行了形状分析,得出了曲线上含有奇点、拐点和曲线为局部凸或全局凸的充分必要条件,这些条件完全由控制多边形和形状参数所决定。进一步讨论了形状参数对形状分布图的影响及其对曲线形状的调节能力。     

Polymer/carbon based composites as electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding materials

The extensive development of electronic systems and telecommunications has lead to major concerns regarding electromagnetic pollution. Motivated by environmental questions and by a wide variety of applications, the quest for materials with high efficiency to mitigate electromagnetic interferences (EMI) pollution has become a mainstream field of research. This paper reviews the state-of-the-art research in the design and characterization of polymer/carbon based composites as EMI shielding materials. After a brief introduction, in Section 1, the electromagnetic theory will be briefly discussed in Section 2 setting the foundations of the strategies to be employed to design efficient EMI shielding materials. These materials will be classified in the next section by the type of carbon fillers, involving carbon black, carbon fiber, carbon nanotubes and graphene. The importance of the dispersion method into the polymer matrix (melt-blending, solution processing, etc.) on the final material properties will be discussed. The combination of carbon fillers with other constituents such as metallic nanoparticles or conductive polymers will be the topic of Section 4. The final section will address advanced complex architectures that are currently studied to improve the performances of EMI materials and, in some cases, to impart additional properties such as thermal management and mechanical resistance. In all these studies, we will discuss the efficiency of the composites/devices to absorb and/or reflect the EMI radiation.     

Silicate-based polymer-nanocomposite membranes for polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells

Proton-exchange membrane fuel cells have emerged as a promising emission free technology to fulfill the existing power requirements of the 21st century. Nafion^® is the most widely accepted and commercialized membrane to date and possesses excellent electrochemical properties below 80 °C, under highly humidified conditions. However, a decrease in the proton conductivity of Nafion^® above 80 °C and lower humidity along with high membrane cost has prompted the development of new membranes and techniques. Addition of inorganic fillers, especially silicate-based nanomaterials, to the polymer membrane was utilized to partially overcome the aforementioned limitations. This is because of the lower cost, easy availability, high hydrophilicity and higher thermal stability of the inorganic silicates. Addition of silicates to the polymer membrane has also improved the mechanical, thermal and barrier properties, along with water uptake of the composite membranes, resulting in superior performance at higher temperature compared to that of the virgin membrane. However, the degrees of dispersion and interaction between the organic polymer and inorganic silicates play vital roles in improving the key properties of the membranes. Hence, different techniques and solvent media were used to improve the degrees of nanofiller dispersion and the physico-chemical properties of the membranes. This review focuses mainly on the techniques of silicate-based nanocomposite fabrication and the resulting impact on the membrane properties.     

Synthesis of poly(ε‐caprolactone)/clay nanocomposites using polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane surfactants as organic modifier and initiator

Poly(ε‐caprolactone)/clay nanocomposites were synthesized by in situ ring‐opening polymerization of ε‐caprolactone in the presence of montmorillonite modified by hydroxyl functionalized, quaternized polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS) surfactants. The octa(3‐chloropropyl) polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane was prepared by hydrolytic condensation of 3‐chloropropyltrimethoxysilane, which was subsequently quaternized with 2‐dimethylaminoethanol. Montmorillonite was modified with the quaternized surfactants by cation exchange reaction. Bulk polymerization of ε‐caprolactone was conducted at 110°C using stannous octoate as an initiator/catalyst. Nanocomposites were analyzed by X‐ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, thermo gravimetric analysis, and differential scanning calorimetry. Hydroxyl functionalized POSS was employed as a surface modifier for clay which gives stable clay separation for its 3‐D structure and also facilitates the miscibility of polymer with clay in the nanocomposites due to the star architecture. An improvement in the thermal stability of PCL was observed even at 1 wt % of clay loading. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2011