基于全概率公式直接推求管运洪水

本文为保证防洪安全的前提下充分发挥水库的综合效益,提出了基于全概率公式推求管运洪水的方法,并详细阐述了其基本原理;提出了在资料较短或前、后汛期洪水特性大致相同的情况下运用全概率公式推求管运洪水的实际方法;以马边站的洪水资料进行实例研究,其结果表明基于全概率公式推算出来的管运洪水既能使水库工程达到防洪标准,又能充分发挥水库的综合效益。     

图的点可区别边染色算法研究

针对一般图设计了一种新型的点可区别边染色算法。该算法把概率思想和图染色相结合, 根据点可区别边染色的约束规则确立目标函数, 利用交换规则逐步寻优, 当目标函数的值满足要求时染色成功。给出详细算法步骤并进行了测试和分析, 实验结果表明该算法可以求出满足猜想的点可区别边色数。     

印刷哈萨克斯拉夫粘连字符的切分方法

哈萨克斯拉夫图像文本经过行切分和列切分后,存在水平方向接触和垂直方向重叠的粘连字符。为提高字符识别率,依据字符连通域的最小外接矩形切分开垂直方向重叠的粘连字符图像块;利用判决条件:字符宽度概率密度分布图、字符图像块垂直投影的波峰数目和字符图像块垂直投影波峰的对称性,分离初始粘连字符图像块中正确的单个字符图像块和实际接触的粘连字符图像块;在允许的字符宽度范围内,寻找粘连字符图像垂直投影图的极小值点,以切分实际接触的粘连字符。实验结果表明,该方法泛化能力较好且识别率有明显提高。     

基于ARM的仪器管理系统设计与实现

针对学校等大型科研平台拥有的精密器材种类繁多、安置位置分散、操作流程特异、操作人员流动性大的现象,基于监测的思想设计了此仪器管理系统,旨在督促实验人员按稳妥的使用流程操作仪器,并为器材的更迭维修提供参考。系统分为终端、服务端两部分,终端通过检测电流来判断仪器状态,使用者使用需用有效IC卡辨别身份,终端相应给予声光提示,并且拍照留据。相应的状态情况可以通过网络传输到服务器,例如使用者有效卡号、报警照片等且客户端可以从服务端获取人员信息更新等资料。通过对本工程中心内部分仪器的监管测试表明,较好的提高了操作人员使用素质,提高了仪器管理水平。     

Interannual and intra-annual cycles of satellite-derived chlorophyll-a concentrations in the Caspian Sea

Variability of phytoplankton in the Caspian Sea (CS) is related to the complex orography, the variety of physical and chemical processes, and climatic indices. Here, interannual and intra-annual variability of satellite-derived chlorophyll-a concentrations (Chl-a) were studied using wavelet analysis during 2002–2019 in different regions of the CS. Self-Organizing Maps (SOM) analysis performed to classify the CS into the areas of similar variability of satellite-derived Chl-a. Wavelet spectral analysis showed that the Chl-a variability regulated by four primary periodic cycles: 0.5-year, 1-year, 2 to 2.5-year, and 3 to 5-year. The 0.5 and 1-year wavelet cycles mostly depicted the intensity of seasonality patterns. The 2–2.5-year and 3–5-year cycles of Chl-a showed non-stationary coherence with corresponding low-frequency cycles of NAO and ENSO. The 3–5-year wavelet amplitudes of Chl-a strongly correlated with NAO and ENSO in the southern CS. Weak correlations of 2–2.5-year cycle wavelet amplitudes of Chl-a with NAO and ENSO suggested that variations do not always directly translate to a biological response. A negative anomaly in the Chl-a autumn peaks observed during 2011–2016 in the middle and southern CS, when NAO phases were persistently positive. The interannual variations of summer peaks in the northern CS, and autumn peaks in the middle and southern CS were broadly related to the precipitation. SST and wind stress. Moreover, it was shown that the Volga discharge has a significant influence on Chl-a variability in the northern CS.     

Presumed joint probability density function model for turbulent combustion

A presumed joint probability density function (pdf) model of turbulent combustion is proposed in this paper. The turbulent fluctuations of reactant concentrations and temperature are described using a presumed joint pdf of three-dimensional Gaussian distribution based on first and second-order moments of reactant concentration and temperature. Mean reaction rates in both premixed and diffusion combustion are obtained by mean of integration under the presumed joint pdf. This model is applied to predict turbulent premixed combustion of sudden-expansion flow and turbulent jet diffusion methane/air flame. For turbulent premixed combustion, the predicted results of temperature distribution and maximum temperature using the proposed model agree better with the experiment than that using the conventional eddy-breakup (EBU)-Arrhenius model. For the turbulent jet diffusion methane/air flame, the predicted results of velocity, temperature and species concentrations using the proposed model, the Arrhenius, EBU-Arrhenius, and laminar flamelet models are compared with experiment data. Results obtained with the presumed pdf model and that obtained by the laminar flamelet model both agree well with experiments, while results using the other models have a significant difference. The presumed joint pdf model is used to predict the NO formation process, which also agrees well with the experiment data. A unified turbulent combustion model, in which both effects of turbulent diffusion and chemical dynamics are considered, is established for both premixed and diffusion combustion, especially for the process of NO formation.     

3D fingerprint reconstruction system using feature correspondences and prior estimated finger model

The paper studies a 3D fingerprint reconstruction technique based on multi-view touchless fingerprint images. This technique offers a solution for 3D fingerprint image generation and application when only multi-view 2D images are available. However, the difficulties and stresses of 3D fingerprint reconstruction are the establishment of feature correspondences based on 2D touchless fingerprint images and the estimation of the finger shape model. In this paper, several popular used features, such as scale invariant feature transformation (SIFT) feature, ridge feature and minutiae, are employed for correspondences establishment. To extract these fingerprint features accurately, an improved fingerprint enhancement method has been proposed by polishing orientation and ridge frequency maps according to the characteristics of 2D touchless fingerprint images. Therefore, correspondences can be established by adopting hierarchical fingerprint matching approaches. Through an analysis of 440 3D point cloud finger data (220 fingers, 2 pictures each) collected by a 3D scanning technique, i.e., the structured light illumination (SLI) method, the finger shape model is estimated. It is found that the binary quadratic function is more suitable for the finger shape model than the other mixed model tested in this paper. In our experiments, the reconstruction accuracy is illustrated by constructing a cylinder. Furthermore, results obtained from different fingerprint feature correspondences are analyzed and compared to show which features are more suitable for 3D fingerprint images generation.     

Fast and robust face recognition via coding residual map learning based adaptive masking

Robust face recognition (FR) is an active topic in computer vision and biometrics, while face occlusion is one of the most challenging problems for robust FR. Recently, the representation (or coding) based FR schemes with sparse coding coefficients and coding residual have demonstrated good robustness to face occlusion; however, the high complexity of l₁-minimization makes them less useful in practical applications. In this paper we propose a novel coding residual map learning scheme for fast and robust FR based on the fact that occluded pixels usually have higher coding residuals when representing an occluded face image over the non-occluded training samples. A dictionary is learned to code the training samples, and the distribution of coding residuals is computed. Consequently, a residual map is learned to detect the occlusions by adaptive thresholding. Finally the face image is identified by masking the detected occlusion pixels from face representation. Experiments on benchmark databases show that the proposed scheme has much lower time complexity but comparable FR accuracy with other popular approaches.     

General triangular midpoint subdivision

In this paper, we introduce triangular subdivision operators which are composed of a refinement operator and several averaging operators, where the refinement operator splits each triangle uniformly into four congruent triangles and in each averaging operation, every vertex will be replaced by a convex combination of itself and its neighboring vertices. These operators form an infinite class of triangular subdivision schemes including Loop's algorithm with a restricted parameter range and the midpoint schemes for triangular meshes. We analyze the smoothness of the resulting subdivision surfaces at their regular and extraordinary points by generalizing an established technique for analyzing midpoint subdivision on quadrilateral meshes. General triangular midpoint subdivision surfaces are smooth at all regular points and they are also smooth at extraordinary points under certain conditions. We show some general triangular subdivision surfaces and compare them with Loop subdivision surfaces.     

北京市雨水收集利用蓄水池容积计算与分析

基于北京市1984—2013年的日降雨资料,以北京林业大学林业楼及其周边绿地为研究区,设置3种用水情景(冲厕、绿地灌溉及冲厕+绿地灌溉),采用连续模拟法,分别绘制3种用水情景下雨水收集利用工程的雨水截留率、自来水替代率、供水保证率以及效益费用比变化曲线,并通过综合分析这些曲线的变化特征确定雨水蓄水池最佳设计容积(60~82 m3)。同时采用设计暴雨法计算1~5年不同重现期的蓄水池设计容积(77~248 m3)。结果表明,连续模拟法计算过程相对复杂,但可用于综合衡量雨水收集利用工程的雨洪管理效益,以及缓解水资源短缺效益、供水可靠性及经济可行性分析。