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31.
For a PC-mobile download system which is embedded with streaming download protocol, there are problems that the data cannot be transmitted correctly from the PC to the mobile, or the transmission is unacceptably slow. To solve these problems, we carry out a formal analysis for the protocol with some timing parameters and a given probability of message loss and unordered data using a probabilistic model checking tool PRISM. We introduce a technique to reduce the state space of the system modeling the protocol which is a network of probabilistic timed automata. The experimental results in PRISM give us a clear explanation to the problems, and are helpful in identifying the optimal parameter settings to meet industrial requirements. 相似文献
32.
范忠礼 《电信工程技术与标准化》2002,(4):43-46
本提出了一种标准化的光控制平面。阐明了开了用于光传输网的控制平面所遇到的选择与挑战。光控制平面被分解成邻居发现、服务发现、连接控制和拓扑、资源发现等几个基本的过程。不同的网络组织和分割导致了几个不同的自动配置模型:软性持久链路模型、用户接口模型和对等模型。这是构成以IP为中心的光传输网的控制和管理基础。同时也介绍了基于SDH光交换的新一代CIENA公司智能光网络,它具有大容量光交换能力和网络拓扑结构自动发现、端对端电路配置、带宽动态分配等功能及特点,将大大提高数据、电路业务的服务质量,新一代智能光网络是干线和城域网络交换传输最佳的选择。 相似文献
33.
钢铁表面黑色转化膜处理技术 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
黑色转化膜技术是目前较为先进的钢铁表面处理技术 ,本文试验研究了一种新工艺 ,提出了TB值的概念 ,通过控制TB值即可控制处理液的质量 ,获得性能优良的转化膜。此工艺性能可靠 ,可操作性强 ,并可应用于激光热处理前的预处理。 相似文献
34.
VPDN企业端解决方案 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
从虚拟专用拨号网(VPDN)结构的基本原理、隧道协议、认证方式等方面概述了中国联通开展VPDN业务的实施步骤和解决VPDN企业端的5种模式,并介绍了中国石油天然气管道电信公司实现VPDN企业端的具体方案。 相似文献
35.
An open‐cycle ocean thermal energy conversion (OC‐OTEC) system is one of the energy conversion methods used to generate electricity from ocean thermal energy. For the OC‐OTEC system, steam evaporated from the surface seawater due to flash evaporation drives the turbine. At that time, dissolved gas such as air is introduced into the low‐pressure system (OC‐OTEC system) as the noncondensable gas, which degrades the performance of condensation heat transfer. In this paper, a small‐scale OC‐OTEC experimental unit experimentally investigates the effect of noncondensable gas on the heat transfer performance in a condenser. The experimental results are discussed in comparison with theoretical estimation by the Sparrow–in method. It is shown that the condensation is occupied by heat and mass transfer near a condensation surface and that the condensation efficiency is affected by exhaust quantity of noncondensable gas at a relatively high concentration ratio of condensable gas. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 154(1): 29–35, 2006; Published online in Wiley InterScience ( www.interscience.wiley.com ). DOI 10.1002/eej.20179 相似文献
36.
微机在应变测量中的应用,采用上位机和下位机组合方式.上位机为一台IBM-PC/XT微机,用于对数据进行后处理.下位机以Z80-CPU为控制器,由传感器、转换器、接口及外设等组成数据采集器,实施对应变、压力和位移等参数的采集、显示和打印(即数据的预处理).上位机和下位机之间的数据传输,采用串行的方式,通过RS-232接口完成.本文主要以应变的采集处理为例,介绍系统功能、硬件配置及软件设计. 相似文献
37.
国产轻油预转化催化剂与进口催化剂相比,具有性能相当、价格低廉、供应方便等优势。国产预转化催化剂需在较高的液空速、温度较低的条件下实现烃类转化反应,生成含甲烷60%以上的富气。采用国产催化剂能明显反映性能价格比。文章对两种催化剂进行了工业应用比较和分析。 相似文献
38.
Because of its high–temperature chemical stability, SiC ceramic is a promising material for high-temperature device applications such as thermoelectric energy converters. However, the electrical conductivity of SiC ceramic is too low for it to be used as a thermoelectric energy converter at the cold junction. Therefore, we propose a SiC-Si functionally gradient material (FGM) in order to improve the electrical conductivity of the SiC ceramic at the cold junction. An SiC rod was fired in a temperature gradient furnace. One end of the SiC rod was maintained at 2473 K and the other end was maintained at 1973 K for 30 min. After firing, the porous SiC edge fired at 1973 K was dipped into molten Si in order to infiltrate molten Si into the porous SiC. The microstructure of the FGM is classified into three regions: the SiC-Si composite material; the porous SiC ceramic; and the densified SiC ceramic. The electrical conductivity, the Seebeck coefficient and the thermal conductivity for each region of SiC-Si FGM was measured at 300 K; a figure of merit was calculated. The figure of merit of the SiC-Si FGM at the cold junction, at room temperature, was 108 times higher than that of a nongradient SiC ceramic. 相似文献
39.
P. Balle H. Bockhorn B. Geiger N. Jan S. Kureti D. Reichert T. Schrder 《Chemical Engineering and Processing: Process Intensification》2006,45(12):1065-1073
This study deals with the development of a laboratory bench for the practical evaluation of catalysts that are useful for the direct conversion of NOx and soot in the exhaust of diesel engines. The employed model exhaust is generated by using a diffusion burner with additionally dosing some gaseous components to the burner gas to obtain a realistic feed composition. The produced soot is extensively characterized by employing thermogravimetry, transmission electron microscopy, N2 physisorption and temperature programmed techniques. The results of the different characterization methods show that the present soot is suitable for the intended catalytic investigations. The simultaneous conversion of NOx and soot is examined like in practice, i.e. the soot is separated from the tail gas by a diesel particulate filter (DPF) that is coated with the catalyst. The deposited soot is then catalytically converted by NOx and O2 to form N2 and CO2. The conversions of NOx and soot are measured by exclusively applying gas analysers, whereby a special experimental procedure is developed to determine the soot removal. Hence, additional soot related analytics are not required. To show the suitability of the constructed bench a Pt/Fe2O3/β-zeolite sample is taken as test catalyst that is reported to be very active in NOx/soot reaction. The measurements performed with and without catalyst clearly show the effect of the used sample in simultaneous NOx/soot conversion. We therefore consider the constructed laboratory bench to be a useful tool for testing and ranking catalytic materials. 相似文献
40.
In this paper we propose a new protocol called time-space label switching protocol (TSL-SP) in optical burst switching (OBS), and define the terms time-space label (TSL) and time-space routing (TSR). An important concept of response time is introduced in the time label mechanism. The TSL-SP is a new technology that can quickly and efficiently forward data with a label on the optical networks. A two-dimension label switched path (TD-LSP) can be set up, that is maintained and deleted by the TSL-SP. For clearly illuminating the operation principles of the TSL-SP, we propose a new approach of orthogonal time-space coordinates in which the vertical coordinate is the space label and the horizontal coordinate is the time label. The proposed TD-LSP can dramatically reduce the routing failure probability and greatly improve the link network efficiency compared with other signaling protocols. Moreover, we define the time-space label control plane that can achieve the higher efficiency. When the TSL-SP is applied to networks, switching performance can be improved by two orders compared to the switching performance with the conventional OBS signaling protocols. The fundamental goal of TSL-SP is to band the signaling and routing functions together closely. Also, the TSL-SP can reduce the complexity of the network, support automatic service offering, and provide traffic engineering. 相似文献