装甲车噪声源诊断

文章通过实验及其信号处理得到了各轮子的声力传递函数。根据这些测量与分析结论可以定量比较装甲车四种轮子受到同样大小的力激励时,其振动和声辐射通过各传递环节而对车内声场的综合贡献大小。以便在降低装甲车车内噪声时,确定哪种轮子是应该着重考虑采取降噪措施的对象,为装甲车降噪措施的合理化研究提供一定的科学依据。     

GD2308高速加固缝纫机压脚有限元建模与分析

以工业缝纫机的减振降噪为应用背景,针对其结构特点及工作特性,通过CATIA对GD2308高速加固缝纫机压脚进行有限元建模,应用有限元软件ANSYS对压脚进行网格的划分,生成有限元分析模型,对压脚进行动态特性分析,计算压脚的前10阶固有频率与前6阶振型,给出振型图.分析结果表明,压脚结构振动主要表现为弯曲、扭转和弯扭组合...     

船舶辐射噪声远场空间指向性

为了获得浅海波导条件下船舶辐射噪声的远场空间指向性,提出了一种由水听器获得的船舶辐射噪声近场声压数据,推算其远场辐射声压的方法,即由近场声压数据,反演出船舶辐射噪声源模型中的多极子强度和位置,然后利用简正波理论,计算该反演参数所对应的远场指向性.仿真计算过程中,将该方法获得的远场指向性与原假设声源直接计算的远场指向性进行对比.结果表明,该方法能有效的计算出船舶辐射噪声的远场空间指向性.     

数字光接收机性能指标的优化设计

首次提出一种新型数字光接收机模型,改进了其中均衡器的设计;以S.D.Personick理论为基础,推导并计算了此光接收机基于"最坏情况"下判决时刻的噪声平均功率。研究结果表明,此模型在输入脉冲展宽较为严重的情况下表现出了良好的噪声性能;进而提高了数字光接收机的灵敏度,优化了数字光纤传输系统的误码性能;为改善数字光接收机性能指标提出了新的途径。     

火箭发动机自由射流噪声模拟过程

准确仿真火箭发动机的自由射流噪声,是保证火箭稳定发射的关键手段.火箭发射过程中的自由射流噪声主要由发动机流场中的燃烧噪声、内部障碍物周围的流动噪声、管壁的摩擦噪声等单极子声源所产生的复合噪声叠加而成,噪声在方向上的特征较为复杂.传统的Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes方法仅仅得到了时均的流场,无法预测自由射流的方向性,导致对噪声的仿真效果不好.提出采用大涡仿真与FW-H表面积分法相结合对火箭发动机的流场与噪声远场进行仿真,使用大涡仿真与Mohring声类比相结合,对噪声的方向性进行预测,克服传统方法存在的弊端,完成噪声仿真过程.仿真结果显示:流场吻合很好,声场中低频声压级吻合较好,高频声压级略低于测定值,测点的综合声压级误差较小.     

真实图像转换的水墨图像绘制模拟

目的：中国水墨风格模拟是非真实感图像模拟的重要研究课题,现有的模拟算法对于边缘绘制的连贯性不足、颜色汇聚不平滑,导致效果生硬、色彩表现力不强。为此本文提出一种真实图像转换的方法来对图像进行水墨风格化处理。方法：首先利用改进的基于流的高斯差分滤波来生成边缘轮廓;接着运用了各向异性Kuwahara滤波实现了墨色的汇聚以及自然过渡;最后引入Perlin噪声模拟背景宣纸的褶皱感。结果：实验表明,本文方法能够实现真实图像输入到水墨画风格图像输出的转换,处理速度快。结论：本文提出一种真实图像转换的水墨图像风格化处理方法,实验结果表明,该方法可以在不破坏原图像结构的基础上获得很好的水墨模拟效果。     

红外热像视频的细微变化放大

目的 针对红外热像视频对比度低、成像模糊和难以进行细节观测的缺点,提出一种基于欧拉视角的红外热像视频细微变化放大方法。该方法可以将红外热像视频中细微的色彩变化和动作变化进行放大,将原本人眼无法察觉到的变化清晰地展示出来。方法 该方法首先采用对比度金字塔算法对红外热像视频中每一帧图像进行空域分解,其次对各个尺度的图像进行时域滤波,选择出感兴趣的变化频率并进行线性放大,然后对放大后的信号进行重构,最后对重构得到的图像进行降噪处理,从而获得细微变化放大的红外视频。结果 针对色彩放大和动作放大,实验采集了若干红外热像视频。其中,对人脸侧面的颜色进行放大时,选择像素值变化频率在0.751 Hz 范围内的信号进行滤波并放大,得到像素值变化被放大100倍的视频;对吉他弦的动作进行放大时,选择变化频率在100120 Hz范围内的信号进行滤波并放大,得到弦的动作幅度被放大的视频。结果表明该方法可以使视频中所选择的变化频段得到有效增强。结论 本文方法可以放大红外视频中原本无法观测到的细微变化,并使之清晰呈现,在军用和民用领域中有着广泛用途。     

The use of electrochemical noise methods (ENM) to study thick, high impedance coatings

Thick, high impedance organic coatings are those class of coatings used to provide corrosion protection to naval vessels, pipelines, gasoline storage tanks, and other large structures such as bridges and plant structures. These coatings, especially the newest generations now being used in practice, can provide exceptional protection and lifetime of performance such that properly and accurately assessing and differentiating among competing coatings is a very difficult task. The standard protocol of salt fog testing (ASTM B117), immersion testing, and outdoor exposure in a corrosive environment with subjective evaluation of a coating's performance durings and after testing, does not adequatcly rank and predict coating lifetimes for new coating systems, especially for the environmentally compliant coating systems such as powder coatings (especially the thick, fusion bonded epoxy (FBE) coatings used for pipelines), two component epoxy and urethane coatings and waterborne coatings. New, objective test methods are desperately needed by users and manufacturers of coatings. A relatively new electrochemical test procedure, electrochemical noise methods (ENM), as developed by Skerry and Eden, has been shown in our laboratory to be very successful in the ranking and prediction of relative coating performance. We have used the method successfully on naval ship coatings, several pipeline coatings and other related systems, and Skerry has used them successfully on industrial maintenance coatings. We have used these methods in conjunction with electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, d.c. resistance measurements and cyclic salt fog testing of the Prohesion^TM type. In our studies of pipeline coatings, we needed to investigate thermal effects because of their extended range of use temperature. In these studies, we have discovered that electrochemical methods can be used for an in situ measurement of the T_g of coatings in electrolyte immersion. Further, the ‘plasticizing’ effect of aqueous electrolyte absorption as well as its relative irreversibility has been shown. For all coatings studied, ENM provided useful, objective, numerical data which rapidly ranks coatings and provides useful information on the relative lifetime prediction of coatings which may provide up to 30 years of service.     

采用支持向量回归抑制噪声的经验模态分解方法

在实际信号分解中,经验模态分解（ EMD）是对噪声敏感的,往往会分离出一些虚假的本征模函数,对信号的分析产生一定影响。为了提高EMD分解的正确率,减少其出现虚假本征模函数的情况,文中提出了一种基于支持向量回归（ SVR）的去噪方法。先对一次EMD分解结果进行SVR逐层滤波并且对信号进行重组,然后利用EMD方法对重组信号进行二次分解。实验表明,二次分解结果已经非常接近于理想的分解结果,不会出现虚假IMF。这种分解方法对噪声不敏感,能有效提高EMD方法对噪声的容忍度。     

Robust sparse principal component analysis

The model for improving the robustness of sparse principal component analysis（PCA） is proposed in this paper. Instead of the l2-norm variance utilized in the conventional sparse PCA model,the proposed model maximizes the l1-norm variance,which is less sensitive to noise and outlier. To ensure sparsity,lp-norm（0 p 1） constraint,which is more general and effective than l1-norm,is considered. A simple yet efficient algorithm is developed against the proposed model. The complexity of the algorithm approximately linearly increases with both of the size and the dimensionality of the given data,which is comparable to or better than the current sparse PCA methods. The proposed algorithm is also proved to converge to a reasonable local optimum of the model. The efficiency and robustness of the algorithm is verified by a series of experiments on both synthetic and digit number image data.