Moving target defense of routing randomization with deep reinforcement learning against eavesdropping attack

Eavesdropping attacks have become one of the most common attacks on networks because of their easy implementation. Eavesdropping attacks not only lead to transmission data leakage but also develop into other more harmful attacks. Routing randomization is a relevant research direction for moving target defense, which has been proven to be an effective method to resist eavesdropping attacks. To counter eavesdropping attacks, in this study, we analyzed the existing routing randomization methods and found that their security and usability need to be further improved. According to the characteristics of eavesdropping attacks, which are “latent and transferable”, a routing randomization defense method based on deep reinforcement learning is proposed. The proposed method realizes routing randomization on packet-level granularity using programmable switches. To improve the security and quality of service of legitimate services in networks, we use the deep deterministic policy gradient to generate random routing schemes with support from powerful network state awareness. In-band network telemetry provides real-time, accurate, and comprehensive network state awareness for the proposed method. Various experiments show that compared with other typical routing randomization defense methods, the proposed method has obvious advantages in security and usability against eavesdropping attacks.     

Correlation between Transport and Occurrence of Dengue Cases in Bahia

Dengue is a public health problem that presents complexity in its dissemination. The physical means of spreading and the dynamics of the spread between the municipalities need to be analyzed to guide effective public policies to combat this problem. This study shows a correlation between the exponent of criticality present in SOC （self-organized criticality） and the number of buses per week, identifying municipalities that exert important roles in the spread of dengue in Bahia, confirming transport as a physical means for the diffusion of dengue.     

无对运算的随机代理盲签密方案设计

大多数代理盲签密方案采用先签名后加密的算法,虽然提高了安全性,却增加了计算量和通信复杂度.为此,结合各种代理盲签名和代理签密方案,提出一种无对运算的随机代理盲签密方案,签密时使用随机因子.分析结果表明,该方案不仅满足代理签名和盲签密的特性,而且提高了安全性.     

A statistical method for identifying different rules of interaction between individuals in moving animal groups

The emergent patterns of collective motion are thought to arise from application of individual-level rules that govern how individuals adjust their velocity as a function of the relative position and behaviours of their neighbours. Empirical studies have sought to determine such rules of interaction applied by ‘average’ individuals by aggregating data from multiple individuals across multiple trajectory sets. In reality, some individuals within a group may interact differently from others, and such individual differences can have an effect on overall group movement. However, comparisons of rules of interaction used by individuals in different contexts have been largely qualitative. Here we introduce a set of randomization methods designed to determine statistical differences in the rules of interaction between individuals. We apply these methods to a case study of leaders and followers in pairs of freely exploring eastern mosquitofish (Gambusia holbrooki). We find that each of the randomization methods is reliable in terms of: repeatability of p-values, consistency in identification of significant differences and similarity between distributions of randomization-based test statistics. We observe convergence of the distributions of randomization-based test statistics across repeat calculations, and resolution of any ambiguities regarding significant differences as the number of randomization iterations increases.     

Random assignment of available cases: Bootstrap standard errors and confidence intervals.

A frequently used experimental design in psychological research randomly divides a set of available cases, a local population, between 2 treatments and then applies an independent-samples t test to either test a hypothesis about or estimate a confidence interval (CI) for the population mean difference in treatment response. C. S. Reichardt and H. F. Gollob (1999) established that the t test can be conservative for this design--yielding hypothesis test P values that are too large or CIs that are too wide for the relevant local population. This article develops a less conservative approach to local population inference, one based on the logic of B. Efron's (1979) nonparametric bootstrap. The resulting randomization bootstrap is then compared with an established approach to local population inference, that based on randomization or permutation tests. Finally, the importance of local population inference is established by reference to the distinction between statistical and scientific inference. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Must a Process Be in Statistical Control before Conducting Designed Experiments?

Fisher demonstrated three quarters of a century ago that the three key concepts of randomization, blocking, and replication make it possible to conduct experiments on processes that are not necessarily in a state of statistical control. However, even today there persists confusion about whether statistical control is a necessary prerequisite for conducting valid experiments in industry. In this article we revisit and extend Fisher's original argument. Reusing his 1925 examples, we demonstrate that the need for statistical control as a prerequisite for conducting industrial experiments is misconceived. Clarifying this issue may help quality practitioners identify new and wider opportunities for the use of designed experiments in industrial practice.     

基于半正定松弛与高斯随机化的电制燃料设施联合煤电机组优化经济调度方法

给出一种电制燃料设施与煤电机组联合运行的方案,可在产生电力、甲醇等重要二次能源的同时,提高发电系统灵活性。为了对联合机组进行合理调度,实现提升灵活性的同时确保经济性最优,提出了电制燃料设施联合煤电机组参与调频服务的优化经济调度方法。在充分考虑调频服务市场规则的情况下,构建了电制燃料设施与煤电机组联合参与单次调频的优化经济调度模型,相比已有研究该模型更加准确;针对含max函数的NP-hard非线性模型求解困难的问题,提出了采用分类转换并利用半正定松弛对原问题进行松弛,通过高斯随机化求解的方案。算例分析表明所提方法具有准确、高效的优势,为灵活能源设施与煤电机组联合运行的优化经济调度提供了参考。     

一种基于寄存器翻转时刻随机化的抗DPA攻击技术

在密码算法电路中寄存器翻转时刻随机化对芯片抗DPA(differential power analysis)攻击能力有很大影响,因此提出了一种基于寄存器翻转时刻随机化的抗DPA攻击技术,其核心是利用不同频率时钟相位差的变化实现电路中关键寄存器翻转时刻的随机变化.针对跨时钟域的数据和控制信号,提出了需要满足的时序约束条件的计算方法,同时还分析了不同时钟频率对寄存器翻转时刻随机化程度的影响.以AES密码算法协处理器为例,实现了所提出的寄存器翻转时刻随机化技术,通过实验模拟的方法验证了理论分析的正确性.实验结果显示,在合理选择电路工作时钟频率的情况下,所提出的技术能够有效提高密码算法电路的抗DPA攻击性能.     

基于时域随机化的超高斯真随机驱动信号生成技术研究

提高振动模拟试验的真实性和增强振动激发试验的效力都需要产生超高斯分布的真随机驱动信号。研究了基于时域随机化的超高斯真随机驱动信号生成技术,针对常用半正弦窗函数和不同重叠因子值进行了理论分析和数值仿真,结果表明:时域随机化前后的伪随机和真随机信号峭度值是线性关系,但输出的超高斯真随机信号峭度值比输入的超高斯伪随机信号峭度值要小,并且重叠因子取值越大峭度值减小的程度越大。     

A split-plot experiment in an automobile windshield fracture resistance test

The resistance of laminated glass to small projectile impact is examined with a design of experiments technique. The analysis follows a split-plot design, but other closely related approaches such as repeated measure analysis and multivariate analysis are also discussed and compared.