酸化乙醇法提取红树莓花色苷的研究

采用酸化乙醇法提取红树莓中的花色苷,通过单因素实验研究了乙醇浓度、酸化乙醇溶液、浸提温度、浸提时间、料液比和浸提次数对花色苷浸提量的影响。通过正交实验得到红树莓中花色苷的最佳提取工艺,即红树莓浆用80%乙醇(含3%的乙酸)溶液以1∶15的料液比在60℃下浸提1h,浸提2次,在此条件下提取得到的花色苷含量为0.726mg/g鲜果。     

基于模糊感官评价的桃花馅饼配方优化

以可食桃花、小麦粉、白糖、红豆等为原料,进行桃花馅饼馅料研究。利用感官评定和模糊综合评判结合的方法对桃花馅饼进行食用品质评价,采用正交试验对桃花馅饼馅料配方进行优化。结果表明:馅料最佳配方为桃花0.8 g、面粉糊20 g、白糖30 g、红豆40 g、花生10 g、芝麻10 g,可制作出色泽佳、口感酥松、甜而不腻的桃花馅饼。     

响应面法优化红树莓酒发酵工艺

以冷冻红树莓果为原料,应用响应面法优化红树莓酒的发酵工艺。以酒精度、感官评分为评价指标进行单因素试验,在单因素试验基础上,选取酵母接种量、发酵温度、发酵初始pH值与主发酵时间为影响因素,以红树莓酒的酒精度为响应值,采用Box-Behnken中心组合试验设计建立数学模型,进行响应面分析。结果表明,红树莓酒最优的发酵工艺条件为酵母接种量7%、发酵温度24 ℃、初始pH 4.0及主发酵时间7 d。在此发酵工艺条件下,产品酒精度可达12.1%vol,所酿制的红树莓酒为酒红色,酒体透明且澄清,光泽透亮,口感清爽怡人,其有果香与酒香。     

激光拼焊生产线的组成及应用

本文详细介绍了激光拼焊典型成套设备-SOUTRAC型全自动激光拼焊线的设备组成及工艺流程,以及焊接部分的工作原理和焊接过程质量监控系统的工作原理.激光拼焊设备能够实现等厚和不等厚钢板的对焊,焊接质量好,节约原材料,容易实现自动化生产,在当今汽车车身制造业得到了越来越广泛的应用.     

Antioxidant properties of Korean black raspberry wines and their apoptotic effects on cancer cells

BACKGROUND: The objective of the study was to determine the antioxidant activities of Korean black raspberry concentrate (KBR: Rubus coreanus Miq.) and Korean black raspberry wine concentrates (KBRW‐1 and KBRW‐2) using the DPPH (2,2‐diphenyl‐1‐picrylhydrazyl) radical scavenging assay. The apoptotic effects of the KBRW concentrates on various cancer cells were also investigated. RESULTS: Both the KBR concentrate and KBRW concentrates showed dose‐related antioxidant activities in the DPPH assay. At concentrations of 500 µg mL^?1 and 1000 µg mL^?1, the KBR concentrate antioxidant activities were 59% and 79%, respectively. KBRW‐1 and KBRW‐2 inhibited radical formation at 500 µg mL^?1 by 19% and 48%, respectively. The antioxidant activity of KBRW‐2 was comparable to various red wines (RW‐1, RW‐2, RW‐3, and RW‐4). However, at 1000 µg mL^?1, the antioxidant activities of KBRW‐1 and KBRW‐2 were 53% and 83% that of α‐tocopherol, respectively. Both RW‐1 and KBRW‐2 showed marked antiproliferative effects on all cancer cell types, with decreases in cell viability greater than 50%. This was co‐related with apoptotic characteristics, including chromatin condensation and apoptotic body formation, as determined by cell morphological assessment. Cell cycle analysis showed that treating AGS cells with RW‐1 and KBRW‐2 resulted in 25% and 30% apoptotic cell accumulation, respectively. KBRW‐2 induced the cleavage of poly(ADP‐ribose) polymerase (PARP) and the activation of caspase‐3 within the AGS cells. Levels of PARP cleavage were increased five‐ and three‐fold by RW‐1 and KBRW‐2, respectively, and the level of caspase‐3 was significantly increased by the treatment with KBRW‐2. CONCLUSION: Overall, the results of this study suggest that Korean black raspberry wine displays antioxidant activity comparable to that of imported red wines, and has anticancer effects that may be attributed to induction of the apoptotic pathway. Copyright © 2009 Society of Chemical Industry     

红树莓果酒澄清工艺的优化及理化指标的测定

为提高红树莓果酒的澄清度,采用皂土对红树莓果酒进行澄清处理。在单因素试验基础上,以皂土添加量、澄清温度、澄清时间为自变量,红树莓果酒的透光率为响应值,通过响应面分析法优化皂土澄清红树莓果酒的工艺参数,同时测定澄清前后果酒的酒精度、总糖、滴定酸、总酚、总黄酮、花色苷的含量变化。结果表明,皂土添加量0.04 g/L,澄清温度21 ℃,澄清时间8 d为红树莓果酒的最佳澄清工艺。在此工艺下,经皂土澄清的红树莓果酒透光率由56.7%提高到96.4%,澄清后果酒的总糖由7.20 g/L变化到7.13 g/L,酒精度由16.6%vol变化到15.8%vol,滴定酸度由22.7 g/L变化到20.5 g/L,总酚由0.97 g/L变化到0.83 g/L,总黄酮由3.51 g/L变化到2.29 g/L,花色苷由0.093 g/L变化到0.089 g/L,感官评分由82分提高至88分。     

红树莓花色苷的提取及抗氧化活性研究

采用酸化乙醇法提取红树莓中的花色苷,通过正交试验确定花色苷提取的最佳条件,同时对红树莓花色苷提取物的抗氧化活性进行研究。结果表明,以盐酸酸化的80%乙醇溶液(pH3)按1:20(g/mL)的料液比在60℃提取红树莓1.5h,此条件下,鲜果中花色苷提取量达0.625mg/g。在实验范围内,红树莓花色苷提取物的还原能力、对羟自由基和超氧阴离子自由基的抑制率均随质量浓度的升高而增加。红树莓花色苷提取物抑制羟自由基和超氧阴离子自由基的半数有效浓度(EC50)分别为0.175mg/mL和0.699mg/mL,说明红树莓花色苷提取物抑制羟自由基比抑制超氧阴离子自由基的能力强。     

红树莓的医疗保健作用及红树莓饮料的开发

主要介绍了红树莓含有的花青素、鞣化酸、黄酮、水杨酸等营养成分,并重点阐述了红树莓在抗衰老、抗心血管疾病、抗癌等方面的医疗保健作用。同时为了尽可能保留红树莓的全部营养成分,采用正交实验研制了红树莓果肉果汁饮料,为人们提供一种高价值的健康饮品。     

Component analysis and sensory evaluation of Korean black raspberry (Rubus coreanus Mique) wines

Three types of Korean black raspberry wines were made from juice, juice‐pulp and juice‐pulp‐seed. Changes in the physicochemical properties and key compounds of the wines during fermentation were determined. The colour intensity was weakened with a 50% decrease in the anthocyanin content, but the colour intensity was strengthened by supplementation with pulp and seeds. Citric acid was the major organic acid (approximately 90%) of the wines, and the amino acid content was lowered to less than 10% by fermentation. The total volatile compound content was increased 5.3 times and nine new compounds were identified. The major components of the wines were isobutanol, n‐propanol and isoamyl acetate. The juice‐pulp‐seed wine contained the highest contents of anthocyanin, polyphenols and proanthocyanin. The anti‐oxidative activity of wines increased with an increasing content of polyphenols. The content of proanthocyanidin, a compound for pucker and bitter tastes, was approximately two to three times greater than in commercial grape wines. In a sensory test, the highest scores for colour, flavour, taste and overall acceptance were awarded to the juice‐pulp‐seed wine.     

Phenolic Content and Antioxidant Activity of Raspberry and Blackberry Cultivars

ABSTRACT: Raspberry (Aksu Kırmızısı, Rubin, Newburgh, Hollanda Boduru, Heritage) and blackberry (Bursa 1, Bursa 2, Jumbo, Chester) cultivars were assayed for antioxidant activity (determined as 2,2-azino-di-[3-ethylbenzothialozine-sulphonic acid][ABTS], 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical [DPPH], and cupric ion reducing antioxidant capacity [CUPRAC]), total phenol, total flavonoid, and total anthocyanin contents. In addition, 10 anthocyanins and anthocyanidins were determined in raspberry and blackberry by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Raspberry and blackberry had the highest ABTS, DPPH, CUPRAC, total phenol, and total flavonoid contents in methanol extracts, whereas total anthocyanin contents were the highest in water extracts. The antioxidant activity of the raspberry and blackberry was directly related to the total amount of phenolic compounds detected in the raspberry and blackberry. All antioxidant activity values were highly correlated with anthocyanin content in blackberry (0.93 ≤ r ≤ 0.99, P = 0.05). On the other hand, high correlation between total flavonoid content and antioxidant activity was recorded in water extract of blackberry (0.91 ≤ r ≤ 0.93, P = 0.05). ABTS value was highly correlated with total flavonoid content in methanol extract (r = 0.90), whereas total flavonoid content was relatively less correlated with DPPH (r = 0.85) and CUPRAC (r = 0.89).