An integrated real time MRP and group technology system

The approach taken in this paper is twofold. First manufacturing environment is simplified for the purposes of planning and control without losing any of the essential characteristics. Second, a simple GT model is applied to the shop floor area and real time MRP is applied to the assembly area. The aim of this study is to develop and compare with a simulation of similar proposal except that jobshop is used in the shop floor area instead. The variable factors in both models were the set up time to operation time ratio and the intensity of the loading on the machines. In the highly loaded situations, the GT model faired better than the job shop model. However, for low loaded situations the performances of the two models were similar.     

SCADA系统及其在风力发电场的应用

详细介绍了SCADA系统的设计、功能及其特点，并以SCADA系统为平台设计了可以实现实时监控并且具有巨大潜在经济效益的风力发电场。     

BLDC位置伺服系统的离散变结构控制

针对离散变结构控制系统的抖振，在离散趋近率的基础上，提出了一种扰动动态补偿的离散趋近率，设计了离散变结构控制(DVSC)策略，研究了变结构控制系统的鲁棒性能，应用于无刷直流电动机(BLDC)位置伺服系统。理论推导与仿真实验表明：新的离散变结构控制策略可以明显改善系统的品质，增强系统的鲁棒性。     

包装管理课程教学改革的实践

对包装管理教学中存在的一些问题进行了改进,通过教学实践,使学生了解和掌握现代化企业管理中的生产管理模式、科学的管理方法、先进制造技术,以及充分包装与物流的关系,从课程和教学方法上提出了一些方法.     

结构动力响应数值分析的新的广义-α方法的频率域分析

介绍了一族用于结构动力响应数值计算的新的广义-α方法。用这族算法将结构动力学方程离散得到关于位移的差分方程，然后做Z-变换得到算法传递函数、算法频率响应函数。通过算法离散的频率响应和系统真实频率响应的比较，在频率域内分析了这族算法的性能，并与常用的Newmark平均加速度方法进行了比较。在分析中，以激励力频率为自变量分析了算法的Bode图，以系统固有频率和激励力频率与时间步长的乘积为自变量在三维空间内分析了算法频率响应幅值绝对误差，又以算法自由参数、阻尼比为自变量在三维空间内分析了算法频率响应幅值2-范数意义下的相对误差。结果表明，新算法的性能得到了更深刻的认识。     

蒸发时间对两级凝胶法制备的聚醚砜膜结构和性能的影响

主要探讨了蒸发时间对用两级凝胶法(dual—bath coagulation method)所制得的聚醚砜(PES)超滤膜的性能和结构的影响．结果表明，随着蒸发时间的延长，水通量先减小后增大；肌肝和尿素去除率均是先升高而后降低，然后再升高的趋势；膜的孔隙率上升，平均孔径下降．在蒸发时间为10s时，肌肝和尿素去除率最高，且水通量适中，是血液净化用聚醚砜膜的最佳成形条件．     

高中生时间管理倾向、认知方式、元担忧水平对学业成绩的影响

综合探讨时间管理倾向、认知方式、元担忧水平的相互关系,以及三因子对学业成绩的相对影响作用。对123名高中生问卷调查表明:元担忧水平与时间效能感之间是显著的负相关;认知方式与学生的语文、数学、英语成绩呈显著正相关,时间效能感与学业成绩呈显著正相关;认知方式、元担忧水平对学业成绩的回归不显著,其是通过时间效能感对学业成绩产生影响。时间管理倾向对于学业成绩的回归效应存在显著学科差异。     

Three‐dimensional finite element computations for frictional contact problems with non‐associated sliding rule

This paper presents an algorithm for solving anisotropic frictional contact problems where the sliding rule is non‐associated.The algorithm is based on a variational formulation of the complex interface model that combine the classical unilateral contact law and an anisotropic friction model with a non‐associated slip rule. Both the friction condition and the sliding potential are elliptical and have the same principal axes but with different semi‐axes ratio. The frictional contact law and its inverse are derived from a single non‐differentiable scalar‐valued function, called a bi‐potential. The convexity properties of the bi‐potential permit to associate stationary principles with initial/boundary value problems. With the present formulation, the time‐integration of the frictional contact law takes the form of a projection onto a convex set and only one predictor–corrector step addresses all cases (sticking, sliding, no‐contact). A solution algorithm is presented and tested on a simple example that shows the strong influence of the slip rule on the frictional behaviour. Copyright 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

A spectral‐element method for modelling cavitation in transient fluid–structure interaction

In an underwater‐shock environment, cavitation (boiling) occurs as a result of reflection of the shock wave from the free surface and/or wetted structure causing the pressure in the water to fall below its vapour pressure. If the explosion is sufficiently distant from the structure, the motion of the fluid surrounding the structure may be assumed small, which allows linearization of the governing fluid equations. In 1984, Felippa and DeRuntz developed the cavitating acoustic finite‐element (CAFE) method for modelling this phenomenon. While their approach is robust, it is too expensive for realistic 3D simulations. In the work reported here, the efficiency and flexibility of the CAFE approach has been substantially improved by: (i) separating the total field into equilibrium, incident, and scattered components, (ii) replacing the bilinear CAFE basis functions with high‐order Legendre‐polynomial basis functions, which produces a cavitating acoustic spectral element (CASE) formulation, (iii) employing a simple, non‐conformal coupling method for the structure and fluid finite‐element models, and (iv) introducing structure–fluid time‐step subcycling. Field separation provides flexibility, as it admits non‐acoustic incident fields that propagate without numerical dispersion. The use of CASE affords a significant reduction in the number of fluid degrees of freedom required to reach a given level of accuracy. The combined use of subcycling and non‐conformal coupling affords order‐of‐magnitude savings in computational effort. These benefits are illustrated with 1D and 3D canonical underwatershock problems. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Heat transfer coefficients for forced-air cooling and freezing of selected foods

To maximize the efficiency of cooling and freezing operations for foods, it is necessary to optimally design the refrigeration equipment to fit the specific requirements of the particular cooling or freezing application. The design of food refrigeration equipment requires estimation of the cooling and freezing times of foods, as well as the corresponding refrigeration loads. The accuracy of these estimates, in turn, depends upon accurate estimates of the surface heat transfer coefficient for the cooling or freezing operation. This project reviewed heat transfer data for the cooling and/or freezing of foods. A total of 777 cooling curves for 295 food items were obtained from an industrial survey and a unique iterative algorithm, utilizing the concept of ‘equivalent heat transfer dimensionality’, was developed to obtain heat transfer coefficients from these cooling curves. Nine Nusselt–Reynolds–Prandtl correlations were developed from a selection of the 777 heat transfer coefficients resulting from this algorithm, as well as 144 heat transfer coefficients for 13 food items, collected from the literature. The data and correlations resulting from this project will be used by designers of cooling and freezing systems for foods. This information will make possible a more accurate determination of cooling and freezing times and corresponding refrigeration loads. Such information is important in the design and operation of cooling and freezing facilities and will be of immediate usefulness to engineers involved in the design and operation of such systems.