发射率在线测试仪的研制

为了长时在线测量物体表面发射率,设计了一种基于反射率法的发射率在线测试仪,由探测器、硬件电路、上位机和电源4个部分组成。基于反射率法的测量原理,考虑到现场发热和振动等恶劣环境,对测试仪的探测器、硬件电路进行了特殊的设计,并推导了消除热敏电阻红外传感器非线性误差后的发射率求解公式。最后通过试验表明:该测试仪能满足发射率长时在线测量的要求,测量精度达到±0.03。     

OPTICAL BIOSENSORS FOR LABEL-FREE DETECTION OF BIOMOLECULAR INTERACTIONS

Biosensors are important tools in fields of biophysics, biochemistry, and biomedical engineering because they provide a platform for the detection of various analytes. Currently, fluorescence-based detection methods have been routinely used for their high sensitivity and diverse selections of labeling agents. However, tagging extra molecules (such as dyes) on to one of the binding pair might change the intrinsic binding affinity of that reaction. To do away with this drawback, label-free biosensors based on optical techniques have drawn more and more attention recently because they are non invasive to the biomolecules under investigation. This article reviews some modern optical biosensors including surface plasmon resonance, oblique-incidence reflectivity difference, interferometry, resonant cavity, and resonant waveguide grating. Some of these techniques have already been commercialized for biological applications. While surface plasmon resonance is the most sensitive and commonly used method, oblique-incidence reflectivity difference provides comparable sensitivity with additional advantages in throughput as well as compatibility. It is believed that in the future, optical techniques will still lead the way in the development of label-free biosensors for biological applications.     

多晶硅太阳电池表面绒面制备工艺优化

采用各向同性腐蚀法制备多晶硅绒面,利用正交实验法研究了不同腐蚀液配方中的HNO3、HF和缓和剂NaH2PO4·2H2O的含量对多晶硅太阳电池绒面的反射率和腐蚀速度的影响。结果表明:NaH2PO4.2 H2O溶液对腐蚀速度有着显著的影响,其次为HF溶液和HNO3溶液;对于反射率来说,其影响因素的重要性主次顺序为HF溶液、HNO3溶液、NaH2PO4·2 H2O缓和剂。在本实验条件下,最佳的酸腐蚀混合液配方为HF∶HNO3∶NaH2PO4.2 H2O=9∶1∶7,在该工艺条件下,制备的硅片绒面腐蚀坑较为均匀,反射率为17%左右。     

薄型单层结构雷达吸波涂料的制备

依据阻抗匹配原理制备了一种薄型单层结构雷达波吸波涂料。试验结果表明,由电磁损耗型吸波剂、磁损耗吸波剂和导电高聚物吸波剂制备的1 mm厚度单层结构吸波涂层在8～18 GHz范围内雷达波反射率≤-8 dB,具有厚度薄、吸波频带宽、面密度低、吸波性能强的特点。     

双极化天气雷达差分反射率的标定

以采用"同时发射同时接收水平与垂直极化波"工作模式的WSR-98XD雷达为试验平台,分析后得到了差分反射率系统误差的主要来源分别为:发射机功率分配不均、馈线插损不一致与双通道接收机增益不一致。开展信号源法、太阳法、降雨法3种标定方法的试验,发现3种方法标定结果具有比较好的一致性,发射机功率分配不均与双路馈线插损不一致所引入的误差较小,且相对稳定。探测误差主要来源于接收机有源通道的增益不一致,且在全动态接收范围内该误差起伏与输入信噪比有关,将全动态范围分为大信号段、线性段与小信号段3个区间,分别进行误差标定。试验结果表明,有源通道增益不一致引入的误差时间稳定性较差,需要对其进行定时标校。相比硬件幅相修正方式,软件方式更适合差分反射率这种细微、且在全动态范围具有非线性特点的误差修正。     

等离子体辐照对第一镜表面反射率的影响研究

研究了多晶钼、钨第一镜样品经等离子体辐照前后的表面形貌及反射率变化。实验结果表明:第一镜表面的各个部位在石墨限制器以下所处的区域不同,经等离子体辐照后,处于沉积区的镜面比处于腐蚀区的镜面相对平滑,反射率也相对较高,此外,在保持表面反射率性能方面,钨第一镜样品要优于钼第一镜样品。     

The influence of lanthanum doping position in ultra-thin HfO2 films for high-k gate dielectrics

Lanthanum dopant positioning at HfO₂ ultra-thin films was achieved by the co-sputtering method. The physical properties of graded doping HfO₂/HfLaO/p-Si and HfLaO/HfO₂/p-Si structures after 850 °C postannealing were compared. The thickness of the monolayer was analyzed by X-ray reflectivity and confirmed by the multiple beam interference model. The HfO₂ and silicate phases were characterized by X-ray diffraction patterns. It is found that crystallization depends on the ratio of stacked film thicknesses, and the HfLaO/HfO₂/Si structure has more silicate formation at the interface than the HfO₂/HfLaO/Si structure. Metal-insulator-semiconductor capacitors were fabricated. The electrical properties including leakage current, conduction mechanism, flatband voltage shift, and barrier height were studied.     

太阳电池减反射膜系统的研究

减反射膜系的制备对于高效空间太阳电池来说非常重要,对其进行优化设计可以大幅度的提高太阳电池的短路电流,从而提高太阳电池的光电转换效率,从波动光学的基本原理出发,用加权平均反射率作为评价膜系设计质量的参数,编制出了进行减反射膜系优化设计的计算机程度,理论上可以使太阳电池表面的加权平均反射率降到1％以下,提高了电池的短路电路。     

腔衰荡法四腔镜反射率及腔内吸收测量

利用腔衰荡四腔镜轮换的方法 ,在常态下测得了四腔镜的反射率 ,同时得到了腔内对测量光的吸收损耗     

工艺参数对AgInSbTe薄膜性能的影响

采用射频磁控溅射工艺,在 Ｋｇ玻璃基片上用 Ａｇ－Ｉｎ－Ｓｂ－Ｔｅ合金靶制备了 Ａｇ_δＩｎ＿（１４）Ｓｂ＿（５５）Ｔｅ＿（２３） 相变薄膜,将沉积态薄膜在３００℃进行了热处理．测量了薄膜的光学性质和静态存储性能,研究了 溅射气压和功率对薄膜光学性质和静态存储性能的影响．结果表明,适当的溅射气压和溅射功率可使 Ａｇ_δＩｎ＿（１４）Ｓｂ＿（５５）Ｔｅ＿（２３）相变薄膜具有较大的反射率对比度,从而提高其存储性能．