转型时期西部金融发展与二元经济结构转化——以陕西省为例的实证分析

从整体金融发展和农村金融发展两个层面,对改革开放30年来,陕西金融发展和二元经济结构转化之间的关系进行了实证研究。实证结果显示:(1)陕西整体金融发展规模和二元经济结构转化正相关,但是两者之间不存在Granger意义上的因果关系;整体金融发展效率和二元经济结构转化正相关,并且前者是后者的Granger原因。(2)陕西农村金融发展规模和二元经济结构转化正相关,并且前者是后者的Granger原因;农村金融发展效率和二元经济结构转化负相关,但是两者之间不存在Granger意义上的因果关系。     

Among-site variability in environmental and management characteristics: Effect on nutrient loss in agricultural tile drainage

Water quality issues, including harmful and nuisance algal blooms (HNABs), related to nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) exported from agricultural lands persist in the Great Lakes region. Previous work examining N and P loss from agricultural fields in portions of the United States (US) and Canada (CA) that drain into Lake Erie, consistently indicate significant nutrient loss from fields in Indiana and Ohio, US compared with those in southwestern Ontario, CA. The primary objective of this study was to examine variation in environmental and management characteristics from 30 sites (US: n = 28, CA: n = 2) located within the Lake Erie Basin and subsequently determine the influence of among-site variation on edge-of-field N and P losses. Using principal component analyses (PCA), we found that among-site variation was predominantly controlled by broad-scale patterns in fertilizer management practices and soil properties; however, N and P loss metrics were largely unexplained by these gradients. As such, fine-scale variability and the interaction of environmental and management characteristics at individual sites more strongly influenced N and P loss. Ultimately, these results further emphasize the importance of site- and nutrient-specific management plans that are needed to mitigate N and P losses from agricultural fields.     

重庆市农民收入与工业化的区域差异及阈值效应研究

为了能更准确地把握区域工业化发展给农民收入带来的影响,综合运用计量经济学方法研究了重庆市农民收入与工业化之间的非线性关系。结果发现：重庆市农民收入水平存在连片集聚现象,区域间工业化发展极不平衡,且二者之间不存在长期均衡的协整关系,工业化水平的提高并不能带来农民收入的长期持续增长。工业化对农民收入的影响具有双面阈值效应,在不同工业化阶段,对农民收入的影响弹性先快速增加后逐渐减弱;在不同区域,工业化的影响呈现出倒“U”和“U”两种类型。     

两状态LMS信道中LMS系统的近似中断性能研究

针对通用的两状态陆地移动卫星(LMS)信道模型中,每一状态的Loo分布包含无限范围内的积分且不存在闭合形式,导致性能估计难以实现的问题,基于两状态信道模型给出等增益合并分集LMS系统中断概率的闭式解。利用Taylor级数展开法将包络的概率密度函数(PDF)近似为Rice分布PDF的加权和,利用Beaulieu序列法推导独立信道随机变量和的累积分布函数和二阶矩,得出系统中断概率的闭式解。仿真结果表明,近似中断概率与理论值十分一致,具有精确性、灵活性、复杂度低的优点。     

农村住宅质量安全现状与对策浅析

针对四川省成都、自贡等地农村住宅安全质量开展调查,研究农村住宅安全质量现状,探讨应对措施。研究表明农村住宅安全质量低下,存在缺乏强制性质量标准支撑、监管制度不健全、安全意识差等问题;据此提出了农村住宅工程建设与新农村建设相结合、推广适用住宅图集、工程建设项目商业化、基本资料信息化、安全质量保证责任化五点对策,力图尽快把农村住宅安全质量事故降低到最低限度。     

基于插件式GIS的皖江城市带发展土地保障与监管技术系统

本文旨在解决皖江城市带发展土地保障与监管技术系统6个关键业务分析模块的集成问题。采用宿主平台+插件的软件架构,设计了宿主程序和业务分析模块集成的接口标准,基于.NET和ArcGIS Engine开发宿主程序和各个业务分析模块插件,实现业务模块的"即插即用",满足皖江城市带发展土地保障与监管技术系统业务模块集成需求。     

Understanding taxi driver＇s cruising behavior with ZIP model

The taxi drivers＇ cruising pattern was learned using GPS trajectory data collected in Shenzhen, China. By employing zero-inflated Poisson model, the impacts of land use and previous pick-up experience on cruising decision were measured. The cruising strategies of different types of drivers as well as the top one driver were examined. The results indicate that both land use and previous pick-up experience affect travel behavior with the former＇s influence （7.07 × 10-4 measured by one of the coefficients in zero-inflated Poisson model） being greater than the latter＇s （4.58×10-5） in general, but the comparison also varies across the types of drivers. Besides, taxi drivers＇ day-to-day learning feature is also proved by the results. According to comparison of the cruising behavior of the most efficient and inefficient driver, an efficient cruising strategy was proposed, that is, obeying the distribution of land use in choice of cruising area, while learning from pick-up experience in selection of detailed cruising location. By learning taxi drivers＇ cruising pattern, the development of measures of regulating travel behaviors is facilitated, important factor for traffic organization and planning is identified, and an efficient cruising strategy for taxi drivers is provided.     

吉林市农村公共产品需求意愿的实证分析——基于217份农民问卷调查

根据农民的需求意愿提供最急需的公共产品,才能实现真正以农民需求为导向的有效供给。同时,在政府财政供给投资有限情况下,才能实现公共产品供给效率的最大化。因此,在实地调查研究基础上,根据农民的需求意愿,有针对性地提供农村急需的公共产品,在理论和实际都具有十分重要的意义。在对吉林市217户农民实地问卷调查的基础上,利用SPSS 16.0统计软件对调查数据进行聚类分层分析,得出被调查行政村农村公共产品的需求顺序,进而提出了相应的政策建议。     

河南乡村旅游服务质量提升研究——基于SERVQUAL模型分析

基于SERVQUAL模型的基本原理,从河南乡村旅游的特点出发,对乡村旅游服务质量的评价要素进行了改进。通过问卷调查、实地考察的方式对河南乡村旅游地进行了服务质量的调研,并根据调研结果进行统计分析,提出需从提供个性化服务、游客投诉管理、服务人员培训、硬件设施建设等四个方面提高河南乡村旅游地服务质量水平。     

创新农村社会治理的有益探索——来自新乡县张青村坚持推行“村民代表提案制”的调研

“村民代表提案制”是新乡县张青村农村社会治理的制度创新,党员干部素质和村民素质提升制度是其配套制度。该制度理顺了农村党组织、村民代表会议、村委会的职权关系,能及时发现、解决群众生产生活中的矛盾与难题,最大限度地实现了社会和谐。这种做法启示意义在于既突出主体制度,又注重配套制度,处理好了“民主、民生、民心”三者的关系,而且简便易行,可操作性强。