浅薄层超稠油油藏蒸汽吞吐后开发方式实验

应用三维相似准则设计并建立了高温高压注蒸汽三维实验模型,对影响注蒸汽采油过程的重要油藏参数进行了比例模化,研究了3种不同井网的蒸汽吞吐后注蒸汽采油接替开发方式。实验结果表明,与直井汽驱和水平井注汽直井采油相比,直井注汽水平井采油方式高产期较长,采油速率高,实验采出程度可达到70%. 对于油层厚度为10~15 m的浅层超稠油油藏吞吐后期,直井注汽水平井采油是可选的接替开发方式。     

任意频谱结构的连续混沌调频雷达波形设计

 连续混沌调频雷达的发射信号采用连续混沌信号实现信号调频,其性能逼近噪声调频信号,避免了离散调频设计中存在的前提限制(如:脉冲持续时间长、频率跳变等).基于混沌动力学理论,提出了连续混沌调频雷达的波形设计方法.该方法根据连续混沌调频信号的动力学模型,设定时间尺度变换函数,调制处于正弦振荡的Colpitts电路频率,可实现任意频谱结构的目标波形输出.该文结合设计实例给出了具体的设计步骤,并分析了设计性能,仿真结果表明该方法是有效可行的.     

水下爆炸冲击波数值模拟的网格尺寸确定方法

网格尺寸对水下爆炸冲击波传播过程的数值模拟精度有较大影响,且不同当量下可接受的网格尺寸也有较大区别。通过研究不同比例爆炸距离处水下爆炸冲击波峰值、比冲量对有限元网格尺寸的依赖性,以“炸药半径与网格尺寸之比”作为网格尺寸划分依据,提出了一种对不同当量均具有较强适用性的网格尺寸确定方法;对数值结果的误差分析表明,采用炸药半径的1/3作为数值模型的网格尺寸,其计算精度可满足工程要求;同时通过对数值计算误差进行非线性拟合,得到了不同网格尺寸下冲击波峰值压力、比冲量的误差估计式,可为研究人员根据可接受的误差范围确定任意当量下合适的网格尺寸或估计数值计算的整体误差提供参考。     

蒸汽量和尾酒量对酱香型白酒产量的影响

基于生产用固态蒸馏设备和缩尺实验台,对酱香型白酒四～七产酒轮次固态蒸馏过程进行实验研究,分析了流酒阶段饱和蒸汽流量和尾酒量对各轮次产酒量的影响。结果表明,流酒阶段饱和蒸汽流量对酱香型白酒的基酒产量（均换算成50 kg酒醅生成53%vol基酒的质量）具有显著影响,在实验工况内,以50 kg酒醅为标准,缩尺实验四、五轮次与生产班组五、六、七轮次最高基酒产量分别比最低产量高0.49 kg、1.15 kg和0.3 kg、0.2 kg、0.06 kg,表明目前的流量调节存在较大的优化空间;流酒阶段饱和蒸汽流量过小会导致接酒时间大幅延长,影响接酒效率;串香蒸馏能够有效提高馏酒整体浓度,从而提升基酒质量。研究结果为白酒蒸馏过程优化提供了重要依据,对其他香型的白酒蒸馏工艺有一定的指导意义。     

某型舰船缩比模型对水下爆炸动态响应的试验研究

对某型舰船缩比模型遭受水下爆炸载荷时的动态响应进行了试验研究。模型参照某型水面舰船按照一定比例而设计,用于考核某型舰船结构的冲击响应。试验工况为六个远场非接触爆炸工况,冲击因子从0.1到0.35,利用分别装在甲板处、底部平台和龙骨上的加速度计、应变来测量模型的冲击响应。试验结果表明,模型上各测点加速度响应随着冲击因子的增大而增大,船模离爆源最近处的响应最强,爆源中心布放时响应由中心处往边缘处减弱。研究结果对今后的实船或模型爆炸试验具有一定的借鉴作用。     

An h‐hierarchical adaptive procedure for the scaled boundary finite‐element method

The scaled boundary finite‐element method (a novel semi‐analytical method for solving linear partial differential equations) involves the solution of a quadratic eigenproblem, the computational expense of which rises rapidly as the number of degrees of freedom increases. Consequently, it is desirable to use the minimum number of degrees of freedom necessary to achieve the accuracy desired. Stress recovery and error estimation techniques for the method have recently been developed. This paper describes an h‐hierarchical adaptive procedure for the scaled boundary finite‐element method. To allow full advantage to be taken of the ability of the scaled boundary finite‐element method to model stress singularities at the scaling centre, and to avoid discretization of certain adjacent segments of the boundary, a sub‐structuring technique is used. The effectiveness of the procedure is demonstrated through a set of examples. The procedure is compared with a similar h‐hierarchical finite element procedure. Since the error estimators in both cases evaluate the energy norm of the stress error, the computational cost of solutions of similar overall accuracy can be compared directly. The examples include the first reported direct comparison of the computational efficiency of the scaled boundary finite‐element method and the finite element method. The scaled boundary finite‐element method is found to reduce the computational effort considerably. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Stress recovery and error estimation for the scaled boundary finite‐element method

The scaled boundary finite‐element method is a novel semi‐analytical technique, combining the advantages of the finite element and the boundary element methods with unique properties of its own. This paper develops a stress recovery procedure based on a modal interpretation of the scaled boundary finite‐element method solution process, using the superconvergent patch recovery technique. The recovered stresses are superconvergent, and are used to calculate a recovery‐type error estimator. A key feature of the procedure is the compatibility of the error estimator with the standard recovery‐type finite element estimator, allowing the scaled boundary finite‐element method to be compared directly with the finite element method for the first time. A plane strain problem for which an exact solution is available is presented, both to establish the accuracy of the proposed procedures, and to demonstrate the effectiveness of the scaled boundary finite‐element method. The scaled boundary finite‐element estimator is shown to predict the true error more closely than the equivalent finite element error estimator. Unlike their finite element counterparts, the stress recovery and error estimation techniques work well with unbounded domains and stress singularities. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

静爆冲击波在空气中的传播规律

通过对爆炸冲击波在空气中传播的已有研究成果进行了对比分析,提出了一个能较好描述冲击波超压峰值与当量比例距离关系的解析式。通过静止装药爆炸试验,测得距爆心不同距离处的超压-时间曲线,实测值与理论值能较好吻合,但是在距离爆心较近处仍存在一定偏差,并且实测曲线受到反射波影响较大。     

船用低速机模型实验中相似比例的有效边界及影响

为探究相似比例模型实验在船用柴油机中的应用,基于一台缸径为340 mm的船用低速柴油机讨论了模型实验中相似比例的有效边界,随后仿真研究了3种相似法则在不同相似比例下对传热损失、缸内温度分布、缸压、放热率、指示热效率和排放的预测结果.结果 表明:缸压、指示热效率和正规化NOx排放随缸径的增加而升高,正规化碳烟排放随缸径的...     

差异压实作用中的同沉积小断层成因探讨——以高台子地区扶杨油层为例

入湖三角洲不同于入海三角洲,重力作用很难造成沉积物大幅度滑动,故同生断层与伴生背斜并不发育.前人做等时地层格架剖面对比前优选骨架井时,已尽量避开目的层断缺井,故对比分析地层厚度变化时更多的从沉积成因分析,不再考虑断层影响.高台子地区扶杨油层低砂泥比,高钙质砂岩含量为差异压实作用的形成提供了条件.由于砂泥岩间差异压实作用和砂、泥岩结合部位薄弱环节的普遍存在,高台子地区扶杨油层沉积期断续分布的叠合透镜状砂体本身为形成小幅度差异压实构造准备了雏型,其边缘也是同生小正断层形成的应力集中部位.从而围绕透镜状砂体形成了较多小型同生正断层.可用于解释类似相域等时旋回厚度的不协调变化.