The Strategic Control of Multiple Routes in Imitation of Actions.

The aim of this study was to bring to the surface the strategic use of imitative processes in the context of a 2-route model: (a) direct imitation, used in reproducing new, meaningless actions, and (b) imitation based on stored semantic knowledge of familiar meaningful actions. Three experiments were carried out with healthy participants who reproduced meaningful and meaningless actions within an established time limit. The study investigated 3 factors that could potentially affect the selection of processes used for imitation: (a) the composition of the experimental list (blocked or mixed presentation), (b) the presence-absence of instructions (Experiments 1 and 2), and (c) the relative proportions of the stimuli (Experiment 3). Overall, the results suggest that each of these factors influences the selection of imitative strategies in healthy individuals with temporarily reduced capacities, as happens in the case of brain-damaged patients. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Finding approximate matches in large lexicons

Approximate string matching is used for spelling correction and personal name matching. In this paper we show how to use string matching techniques in conjunction with lexicon indexes to find approximate matches in a large lexicon. We test several lexicon indexing techniques, including n-grams and permuted lexicons, and several string matching techniques, including string similarity measures and phonetic coding. We propose methods for combining these techniques, and show experimentally that these combinations yield good retrieval effectiveness while keeping index size and retrieval time low. Our experiments also suggest that, in contrast to previous claims, phonetic codings are markedly inferior to string distance measures, which are demonstrated to be suitable for both spelling correction and personal name matching.     

一种基于社会网络的信任模型

社会网络是通过朋友关系、工作关系和信息交换等一组社会机制,将人、组织和其他社会团结联系在一起形成的网络,Web就是一种社会网络.在社会网络中要求有一种自然的机制对网络的真实性进行判断和评价,信任模型就是比较好的一种机制.基于社会网络,本文构建了一种网络信任模型,用来估算信任者和被信任者之间的信任等级,能够用于语义网的信任管理系统和社会网络的信任评价中.实验结果表明,该模型具有很好的效率和效果.     

基于本体的BML命令语义标注方法

作战管理语言（Battle Management Language,BML）是一种无歧义的语言规范,用于解决指控和仿真系统间的互操作问题。针对BML命令缺乏语义信息,难以被计算机理解和自动处理的问题,分析了BML的五视图体系结构,引入了BNF形式化语法,并在此基础上提出了一种语义标注方法,对命令中的对象、时间和地理位置等要素进行标注,然后整合各要素来表达整条命令的语义,系统通过解析标注文档可以实现对命令的无歧义理解,最后给出实例予以说明。论文为表达BML命令的语义提出了一种借鉴思路。     

RAFNet: RGB-D attention feature fusion network for indoor semantic segmentation

Semantic segmentation based on the complementary information from RGB and depth images has recently gained great popularity, but due to the difference between RGB and depth maps, how to effectively use RGB-D information is still a problem. In this paper, we propose a novel RGB-D semantic segmentation network named RAFNet, which can selectively gather features from the RGB and depth information. Specifically, we construct an architecture with three parallel branches and propose several complementary attention modules. This structure enables a fusion branch and we add the Bi-directional Multi-step Propagation (BMP) strategy to it, which can not only retain the feature streams of the original RGB and depth branches but also fully utilize the feature flow of the fusion branch. There are three kinds of complementary attention modules that we have constructed. The RGB-D fusion module can effectively extract important features from the RGB and depth branch streams. The refinement module can reduce the loss of semantic information and the context aggregation module can help propagate and integrate information better. We train and evaluate our model on NYUDv2 and SUN-RGBD datasets, and prove that our model achieves state-of-the-art performances.     

Supporting inconsistent rules in database systems

When a set of rules generates (conflicting) values for a virtual attribute of some tuple, the system must resolve the inconsistency and decide on a unique value that is assigned to that attribute. In most current systems, the conflict is resolved based on criteria that choose one of the rules in the conflicting set and use the value that it generated. There are several applications, however, where inconsistencies of the above form arise, whose semantics demand a different form of resolution. We propose a general framework for the study of the conflict resolution problem, and suggest a variety of resolution criteria, which collectively subsume all previously known solutions. With several new criteria being introduced, the semantics of several applications are captured more accurately than in the past. We discuss how conflict resolution criteria can be specified at the schema or the rule-module level. Finally, we suggest some implementation techniques based on rule indexing, which allow conflicts to be resolved efficiently at compile time, so that at run time only a single rule is processed.An earlier version of this work appeared under the title Conflict Resolution of Rules Assigning Values to Virtual Attributes inProceedings of the 1989 ACM-Sigmod Conference, Portland, OR, June 1989, pp. 205–214.Partially supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant IRI-9157368 (PYI Award) and by grants from DEC, HP, and AT&T.Partially supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant IRI-9057573 (PYI Award), IBM, DEC, and the University of Maryland Institute for Advanced Computer Studies (UMIACS).     

一种基于知网的句子相似度计算方法

句子相似度是衡量文档相似度的基础,在自然语言处理领域中有着非常重要的作用。目前的句子相似度计算方法忽略了句子的结构对相似度的影响。本文在分析已有研究工作的基础上,提出了一种改进的句子相似度计算方法。依据知网对"实体概念"的描述,构造出义原的语义层次树,由各个义原在树中的相对位置,计算出义原之间的相似度。对三种义原加权求和得到词语之间的语义相似度。综合句子的表层相似度和句子的词语语义以及词语的相对位置关系,得到句子的整体相似度。实验表明,在同等的测试条件下,本文所提出的句子相似度计算方法在相似度比较上更符合人的直观感觉。     

基于描述逻辑的OntoUML模型的形式化表示

将形式本体理论应用于UML语言的改进是UML的形式化研究的主要方法之一,其中On-toUML是一个概念上完整、语义上清晰和更具本体意义的UML版本。虽然OntoUML基于本体对UML进行了扩充,提供了更为丰富,更能表达现实世界语义的建模原语,但其表达方式不利于在信息系统的设计与开发中应用。本文基于描述逻辑对OntoUML中的关键建模原语及其关系给出了SHIQ形式化表示方法,并进行了实例研究。该方法表达精练、语义清晰,不仅能够表达逻辑清晰的模型,而且保证模型能够正确反映领域事实。这种形式化方法为信息系统概念建模方法提供了理论和应用支撑,在一定程度上推动了OntoUML更为广泛的应用。     

图像中的文本定位技术研究综述

介绍了图像中文本定位技术的研究现状,依据定位所利用的特征进行分类,分析了其中几种典型算法,并对文本定位算法的性能评价标准进行了深入讨论。