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51.
52.
A separation distance between adjacent buildings is provided to reduce the risk of pounding of adjacent buildings under seismic excitations. It should be recognized that the evaluation of the critical separation distance is a one-sided barrier crossing problem while the problem of structural design under seismic excitations is a two-sided crossing problem. A procedure for assessing the required separation distance with or without considering possible uncertainty in structural properties was presented based on the reliability methods and random vibration theory. The procedure was used to carry out parametric analyses. It is shown that use of the complete quadratic combination (CQC) rule with the modal responses employed for designing structures may over- or underestimate the critical separation distance, depending on the damping ratios and the closeness of the natural vibration periods of adjacent buildings. This is due to not only one-sided versus two-sided crossing problem but also the approximation in the CQC rule. Further, the effect of the uncertainty in structural properties on the estimated separation is investigated. The results indicate that this uncertainty tends to increase the required critical separation distance. 相似文献
53.
管线油电损耗的灰色模型及预测 总被引:11,自引:2,他引:9
对于管道运输来说,影响输油成本变化的因素有很多,但是对总成本影响最大的是油电损耗费用。由于来自现场的输量和相关参数样本数据不足,只知道连续几年的流量、油电损耗,要预测将来每年的油电损耗,经典经济数学不能满足这样的研究。然而灰色系统理论要求的研究样本较少,只要知道连续几年的流量、油电损耗,就能预测将来每年的油电损耗,估算其输油成本,且模型精度较高。利用灰色系统理论,以输油管线每年的输量、相应的电耗和油耗为时间序列,建立了三元素非等间距GM(1,1)模型,该模型为预测管线年输油成本提供了可靠的依据。 相似文献
54.
55.
利用磁力显微镜(MFM)对TbFe磁性薄膜进行了不同抬举距离(分别为60~780nm)的磁力成像研究.在实验中,比较了低抬举距离(100nm以下)磁力像中样品-针尖的互相干扰;同时发现在高抬举距离磁力像中,随着抬举距离的增大,出现了与高凸起形貌对应的图像衬度特征,并随抬举距离的变化也改变着位置与强度,一直到抬举距离为仪器的极限值780nm时,形貌干扰仍未消失,对其形成机制进行了分析. 相似文献
56.
现场总线控制系统浅谈 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
简述了现场总线控制系统的结构及其显优点。现场总线控制系统的结构包括:主控器、总线接口、电源、输入/输出接点、总线电揽和终端电阻。另外对其显优点做了逐一介绍。现场总线控制系统可在工业自动化控制系统中推广应用。 相似文献
57.
Xin Song Xiaoyu Qi Bin Hao Yinbo Qu 《European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology》2008,110(12):1095-1101
Although lipases are widely applied in a wide variety of reactions, available information on the factors that are responsible for the substrate specificities of lipases from different sources is scarce. In this paper, nine lipase‐producing microorganism strains were isolated from oil‐containing samples. The properties of these enzymes, including pH optima, temperature optima, thermal stability, and pH stability, vary significantly with the different sources from which these lipases were isolated. The substrate specificities of the nine lipases, including fatty acid and positional specificities, were also studied. The fatty acid specificities of the nine lipases were observably different toward 15 substrates with different carbon chain lengths, different saturation degrees and different side chains. The lipases from S3 Penicillium citrinum (PCL), MJ1 Aspergillus niger (ANL), MJ2 Aspergillus oryzae (AOL), YM Bacillus coughing (BCL), S9 Geotrichum candidum (GCL), and S11 Candida lypolytica (CLL) showed the strongest specificities to short‐chain esters, and the other lipases showed strong selectivity for medium‐ or long‐chain and branched esters. The positional specificities were examined by analyzing the hydrolytic products of triolein catalyzed by the nine lipases, using TLC. The lipases can be mainly classified into two groups by their specificities for the ester bond at position 2 of triglycerides; one group can selectively hydrolyze the ester bond at position 2 of the triglycerides, the other group cannot. All these nine lipases were divided into four groups by hierarchical clustering analysis on the basis of the results of fatty acid and positional specificities. 相似文献
58.
59.
Alexander Babich Konstantinos Mavrommatis Dieter Senk Heinrich Wilhelm Gudenau 《国际钢铁研究》2004,75(7):428-432
This contribution deals with advanced educational technologies needed to equip customers from higher education institutions, research and industry with efficient tools supporting their work and operating new skills‐training methods. The challenges are reducing the training costs, improving quality and increasing the number of graduates in engineering departments. The concept of a Virtual Lab based on the combination of various teaching methods and tools is presented. Principles of mathematisation in metallurgical education and training are discussed. An example of online course designed in the form of Virtual Lab is demonstrated. 相似文献
60.
A. Campillo J. I. Farran M. J. Pisabarro 《Applicable Algebra in Engineering, Communication and Computing》2007,18(1-2):191-203
We use the special geometry of singular points of algebraic differential equations on the affine plane over finite fields
to study the main features and parameters of error correcting codes giving by evaluating functions at sets of singular points.
In particular, one gets new methods to construct codes with designed minimum distance.
This work was partially supported by MCyT BFM2001-2251. 相似文献