The RAGE/DIAPH1 Signaling Axis & Implications for the Pathogenesis of Diabetic Complications

Increasing evidence links the RAGE (receptor for advanced glycation end products)/DIAPH1 (Diaphanous 1) signaling axis to the pathogenesis of diabetic complications. RAGE is a multi-ligand receptor and through these ligand–receptor interactions, extensive maladaptive effects are exerted on cell types and tissues targeted for dysfunction in hyperglycemia observed in both type 1 and type 2 diabetes. Recent evidence indicates that RAGE ligands, acting as damage-associated molecular patterns molecules, or DAMPs, through RAGE may impact interferon signaling pathways, specifically through upregulation of IRF7 (interferon regulatory factor 7), thereby heralding and evoking pro-inflammatory effects on vulnerable tissues. Although successful targeting of RAGE in the clinical milieu has, to date, not been met with success, recent approaches to target RAGE intracellular signaling may hold promise to fill this critical gap. This review focuses on recent examples of highlights and updates to the pathobiology of RAGE and DIAPH1 in diabetic complications.     

新型小径深井救捞装置

此种小径深井救捞装置运用凸轮轨迹控制原理实现托爪(托捞部件)的顺利转起、放下与固定,操作简便,功能可靠,节能环保,是理想的小径深井救捞装置.该装置也可用于矿井、峡谷、墙(楼)缝、冰窟等条件下的救捞.     

路易斯·康的话语方式和修辞策略

以路易斯·康的论文《Order Is》为例,对法则问题及其研究方法的未来走向进行了思考。     

Risk-based grouping for checked baggage screening systems

With millions of bags checked at over 7000 baggage screening locations in US daily, the checked baggage screening system may be exploited by the terrorists to do harm to the homeland security. Due to such a huge amount of luggage, how to improve the effectiveness and efficiency of the screening system becomes a challenging task. In this paper, we propose a risk-based cost-effectiveness model where checked bags are classified into several risk classes according to their risk characteristics. According to their risk levels, bags from different classes may go through different device combinations sequentially. For a multiple-device screening system, we determine the optimal sequence of the screening devices and the separate grouping strategies for bags from different risk classes with the objective of minimizing the expected cost per bag. Based on a detailed numerical study, we compare our model with three other cost-effectiveness models (the first model assumes that there is only one risk class, the second model assumes that there is only one group for each risk class, and the third model assumes that all devices in a device combination need to be gone through). Our major conclusions are that our proposed model is beneficial compared with other three models and moreover, the relative benefit becomes larger when the authority commands a stricter upper bound for the probability of false clear.     

Monte Carlo simulations of the site-diluted three-dimensional XY model

We present extensive Monte Carlo simulations of the classical XY model in three dimensions on a simple cubic lattice with periodic boundary conditions subject to quenched, random site dilution. By using a hybrid algorithm and finite-size scaling techniques we estimate the transition temperatures and the critical exponents associated with the diluted system. Our results for the critical exponents and universal cumulants are, within statistical errors, the same as for the zero dilution case and are independent of the amount of dilution, in agreement with the Harris criterion. The initial reduction of the critical temperature with dilution is also evaluated and compared to recent experimental results.     

Analysis of deep excavations in clay under the undrained and plane strain condition with small strain characteristics

The nonlinearity and small strain characteristics of clay are predominant factors to affect the analysis accuracy of surface settlement induced by deep excavation in soft clay. In this study, we use a newly developed constitutive model, namely the undrained soft clay model, to simulate the nonlinearity of soft clay and to describe the degradation of elastic Young's modulus with the increasing stress level, ranging from small strain to near failure. The parameters of the formula can be obtained from conventional soil tests. One well-documented case history is then used to show the parameter determination procedure and validate the proposed model. The states of strain and stress paths for the soil in the excavation are also studied to validate the rationality of the model. Besides, two additional case studies are conducted to verify the model further.     

塑料小盖注射模设计

通过对塑料小盖的工艺分析,合理地确定了模具中的浇注系统、脱模机构以及冷却系统等结构形式。并介绍了该模具的工作过程以及模具制造和装配过程中的要点。     

架空线路覆冰闪络跳闸特性分析与风险建模

极端冰灾天气下线路覆冰闪络跳闸是激发大电网脆弱性、导致大面积停电的重要因素。覆冰闪络跳闸等现象的风险评估是建立冰灾防御体系的基础。基于电网层面,进行了冰灾天气下线路覆冰闪络跳闸的风险状态识别与风险建模。根据覆冰闪络跳闸特性分析,界定了输电网绝缘系统的脆弱点,即覆冰期绝缘系统冰凌桥接、融冰期冰凌断流等临界点。进一步建立了覆冰闪络状态的划分原则与风险等级,并对预测冰况进行了模糊模式识别和风险评级,为运行人员提供了动态风险信息。针对数据的小样本、多输入等特点,采用统计学习理论结构风险最小化方法,构建了最小二乘支持向量机（least squares support vector machine,LSSVM）冰闪跳闸风险评估模型,依据贝叶斯（Bayesian）证据推理优化模型参数。通过与误差反向传播人工神经网络（artificial neural networkwith error back propagation,BP-ANN）算法对比,验证了该模型的有效性。最后通过脆弱性指标分析了网架结构破坏的严重性与电网绝缘系统的脆弱性。     

基于灰关联性理论的小电流单相接地故障选线及其仿真

传统的、基于待测的故障特征量的小电流单相接地故障选线方法存在局限性,针对此问题,提出一种基于灰色理论、融合多种判据、有效利用已有的故障特征量的选线方法,以各出线、母线单相接地故障的电流、电压等特征量组成选线系统的典型接地故障样本,通过待测样本与比较样本之间的关联度判断所属状态,然后利用灰关联序来判断故障线路。利用电力系统计算机辅助设计(power system computer aided design,PSCAD)软件与Matlab软件进行仿真实验,实验结果验证了该方法可靠、有效。     

基于人工鱼群算法的PSS参数优化

基于电力系统分析综合程序PSASP的小干扰线性化平台,提取系统的增广矩阵;根据电力系统稳定器(PSS)的线性化微分方程,找到PSS对应增广矩阵的子阵位置.在优化过程中得到PSS参数后更新增广矩阵中的相关元素,生成新的增广矩阵,为PSS参数优化提供数据处理对象.使用带有变异因子的人工鱼群优化算法对PSS进行参数优化,通过各人工鱼个体的局部寻优最终找到群体中全局最优值.优化的目标函数为多种运行方式下所有机电振荡模态中的最小阻尼比最大化.新英格兰系统的算例表明使用人工鱼群算法配置的PSS能够有效增强系统的小干扰稳定性.