穷举法在程序设计中的应用

穷举法是程序设计中经常用到的一种算法,用来解决一些用常规的数学方法无法解决的问题.文章通过两个典型的例子对穷举法的思路和有关注意事项进行了分析,供编程学习者参考.     

Hash算法在数据库安全中的应用

介绍了Hash算法在数据库加密系统中的应用,包括在用户身份验证中的应用,在数据库完整性认证中的应用,以及在密文检索中的应用。     

自适应变步长最大风能捕获算法

风能具有随机性、不稳定性的特点,为了提高风力发电系统中风能的利用效率,在比较各种最大风能捕获算法的基础上,分析了爬山搜索法和叶尖速比法的不足,提出了自适应变步长搜索算法来捕获最大风能.通过改进爬山搜索法的变步长策略,明显加快了搜索速度,通过引入初始估计叶尖速比值,大大缩小了搜索范围.该算法不需要实时检测准确风速,不依赖风力机最佳功率曲线,有效地降低了成本,提高风力发电的效率.文中重点分析了算法的自适应性和变步长策略,仿真结果表明,该算法能够使风力机更快速到达最大功率点,动态响应快,收敛性好.     

压力机八杆内滑块机构的优化设计

提出用拉深区速度波动量、拉深速度、拉深深度、拉深角为评价压力机八杆内滑块机构性能优劣的指标。根据机构优化设计理论，用步长搜索法对其进行了优化设计，优化出多组以上指标均好于原机构的方案，并且最大压力角比原机构减小很多，其运动学性能超过原机构水平。     

超声波压力检测中回波搜索算法

通过对超声波压力测量中回波信号特征的分析，提出了回波自动搜索算法。该方法把快速傅立叶变换方法和小波多分辨率信号分解相结合，精确地检测出回波的包络信号，从而准确地搜索到回波，为后续的压力信号处理及提高压力测量的精度奠定了基础。     

一种限制搜索区域的多比例尺最优路径规划算法*

针对现有大区域范围路径规划算法存在的一些问题,提出一种限制搜索区域的多比例尺最优路径规划算法。该算法在进行路径规划时,一方面根据路网的多比例尺信息对路网进行分级,另一方面对搜索区域进行合理限制。测试实验表明此算法可以提高路径规划的效率。     

Olfactory Responses of Banana Weevil Predators to Volatiles from Banana Pseudostem Tissue and Synthetic Pheromone

As a response to attack by herbivores, plants can emit a variety of volatile substances that attract natural enemies of these insect pests. Predators of the banana weevil, Cosmopolites sordidus (Germar) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) such as Dactylosternum abdominale (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae) and Pheidole megacephala (Hymenoptera: Formicidae), are normally found in association with weevil-infested rotten pseudostems and harvested stumps. We investigated whether these predators are attracted to such environments in response to volatiles produced by the host plant, by the weevil, or by the weevil–plant complex. We evaluated predator responses towards volatiles from banana pseudostem tissue (synomones) and the synthetic banana weevil aggregation pheromone Cosmolure+ in a two-choice olfactometer. The beetle D. abdominale was attracted to fermenting banana pseudostem tissue and Cosmolure+, whereas the ant P. megacephala was attracted only to fermented pseudostem tissue. Both predators were attracted to banana pseudostem tissue that had been damaged by weevil larvae irrespective of weevil presence. Adding pheromone did not enhance predator response to volatiles from pseudostem tissue fed on by weevils. The numbers of both predators recovered with pseudostem traps in the field from banana mats with a pheromone trap were similar to those in pseudostem traps at different distance ranges from the pheromone. Our study shows that the generalist predators D. abdominale and P. megacephala use volatiles from fermented banana pseudostem tissue as the major chemical cue when searching for prey.     

动态格点搜索的改进算法用于团簇结构快速优化

结合高效的动态格点搜索(DLS)算法与扰动操作(Perturbation Operation)提出一种新的改进方法(DLS-PO),用于确定团簇的最低能量结构。针对一个特定构型,DLS算法总能给出其对应搜索空间的最规则结构。然而,一次失败的DLS优化将消耗大量的运算资源。为此,采取原子移动和结构旋转的扰动操作成功地改变了构型,再结合后续的DLS操作,提高了优化效率。将该算法用于原子数高达309的Lennard-Jones团簇及100原子NP-B函数铝团簇的结构优化。优化结果显示相比于DLS算法,DLS-PO算法更为高效。     

一种面向大规模短特征集的字符串匹配技术

面向大规模特征集的字符串匹配技术在病毒检测、内容过滤等问题上的应用愈加广泛,而短模式串一直是阻碍性能提升的重要瓶颈。针对短模式串进行分析讨论,基于跳跃算法优化,采用了动态块大小和动态Hash处理以及Hash函数设计场景化的策略,同时探讨了多核处理器与多线程设计之间的关系。实验数据证明改进的算法策略具有支撑百万级特征集字符串匹配的能力。     

Host microhabitat location by stem-borer parasitoidCotesia flavipes: the role of herbivore volatiles and locally and systemically induced plant volatiles

The origin of olfactory stimuli involved in the host microhabitat location inCotesia flavipes, a parasitoid of stem-borer larvae, was investigated in a Y-tube olfactometer. The response of femaleC. flavipes towards different components of the plant-host complex, consisting of a maize plant infested with two or more larvae of the stem borerChilo partellus, was tested in dualchoice tests. The concealed lifestyle of the stem-borer larvae did not limit the emission of volatiles attractive to a parasitoid. A major source of the attractive volatiles from the plant-host complex was the stem-borer-injured stem, including the frass produced by the feeding larvae. Moreover, the production of volatiles attractive to a parasitoid was not restricted to the infested stem part but occurs systemically throughout the plant. The uninfested leaves of a stem-borer-infested plant were found to emit volatiles that attract femaleC. flavipes. We further demonstrate that an exogenous elicitor of this systemic plant response is situated in the regurgitate of a stem-borer larva. When a minor amount of regurgitate is inoculated into the stem of an uninfested plant, the leaves of the treated plant emit volatiles that attract femaleC. flavipes.