基于改进形态滤波器和弧长差分序列的微电网电能质量扰动定位与识别

针对强噪声背景下微电网电能信号扰动定位和识别困难的问题,提出一种基于改进形态滤波器和弧长差分序列的扰动定位与识别方法。首先,将交替混合形态滤波器中的膨胀和腐蚀函数改进为均值膨胀和均值腐蚀函数,再对电能扰动信号进行滤波。然后,在分析扰动波形变化规律和三个典型扰动算例的基础上,定义并计算滤波后扰动信号的弧长差分序列。最后,利用弧长差分序列定位准确扰动时间,从弧长差分序列和滤波后信号中提取幅值特征和波峰特征,输入到已定义识别规则的扰动识别器,实现扰动识别。仿真试验和实际微电网数据试验结果表明,该方法能够精确定位和识别混入不同强度噪声的5种单一扰动和3种复合扰动,适用于实际微电网电能信号扰动的定位与识别。     

不平衡工况下基于虚拟阻抗法的并联三相四桥臂逆变器的桥臂控制

不平衡工况下,三相四桥臂逆变器并联系统不仅可以输出平衡的三相电压波形,而且还可以拓展系统的容量。与传统的三桥臂逆变器并联系统相比,三相四桥臂逆变器并联系统需要对正序、负序和零序电流进行控制,因此三相四桥臂逆变器的并联控制系统更为复杂。该文对三相四桥臂逆变器并联运行时,各序电流的分配进行了分析。为了使逆变器输出的正序、负序和零序电流能够按并联逆变器的容量分配,提出了正序电流使用下垂控制、负序电流与第四桥臂电流使用虚拟阻抗法分别控制正序、负序和零序电流的分配,并且对三相四桥臂逆变器的前三桥臂与第四桥臂分别进行控制,最终在不平衡工况下使并联三相四桥臂逆变器系统输出电压平衡且输出电流和输出功率按并联逆变器的容量分配,减小系统的环流。仿真和实验验证了该方法的有效性。     

电网电压不平衡时逆变器无交流电压传感器控制策略

针对非理想电网电压条件,研究一种适应电网电压不平衡情况的并网逆变器无交流电压传感器控制策略。首先基于二阶广义积分器构建正交滤波器及适合电网电压不平衡条件的三相并网逆变器电压观测器,在两相静止坐标系下对电网电压进行观测;然后基于正交滤波器输出量进行正、负序分离,使正、负序分离与电网电压观测同步进行;最后结合逆变器在两相静止坐标系下的PR控制,并采用负序补偿算法,实现逆变器在电网电压不平衡条件下的无交流电压传感器控制。该策略能够避免传统虚拟磁链观测中的积分饱和、初值敏感、静态误差等问题,并克服现有基于正交滤波器的逆变器无交流电压传感器控制无法适应电网电压不平衡情况的问题。通过仿真与实验验证了所提出策略的有效性。     

励磁涌流下直流50 Hz谐波运行特性分析及应用

近几年南方电网发生了多起因换流变压器空投而导致的直流50 Hz保护误动事件。针对这个问题,分析励磁涌流下直流中50Hz谐波运行特性的基础上,结合影响规律提出了换流变空投前的交流系统强度边界及直流功率边界。先是分析了不同谐波源下直流50 Hz谐波特征,全面梳理了影响换流变涌流谐波的产生和传递的因素;基于PSCAD/EMTDC仿真平台,结合实际直流具体研究了关键因素剩磁、合闸角、交流系统强度以及直流功率对涌流谐波产生的影响,以换流变合闸涌流为谐波源分析了直流功率、直流运行方式、线路长度对直流中50 Hz谐波传递特性的影响;最后结合各因素的影响规律,在换流变涌流最严重时,分析得到不使直流逆变侧50 Hz保护误动的交流系统强度边界及直流功率边界,为实际工程换流变空投前的系统条件提供参考。     

Protection of Double-Circuit Line with Thyristor Controlled Series Capacitor Using Principal Component Analysis

In this paper, a fault direction estimation algorithm is proposed for a double-circuit line with thyristor controlled series capacitor (TCSC) using principal component analysis (PCA)-based technique. In case of PCA, an orthogonal transformation is used to convert correlated variables into linearly uncorrelated variables called principal components. Fault in such a compensated line leads to voltage inversion, current inversion, and subsynchronous resonance situations, which affect the performance of the conventional direction estimation process. Transients associated with metal oxide varistor (MOV) operation and control action associated with TCSC, further modulate equivalent impedance of TCSC and MOV combination. In the proposed approach, PCA of angles between positive and negative sequence components of voltage current has been carried out to extract the pattern and to declare the fault direction accurately. The double-circuit line with TCSC is simulated using PSCAD/EMTDC software. The performance of the proposed technique is tested for numerous test cases, and it was found to be accurate.     

Short Circuit Current Calculation Method of Doubly-Fed Induction Generator with Crowbar Protection Based on Flux Transient Characteristics

With the wide application of doubly-fed induction generator (DFIG), accurate calculation and analysis of the short circuit currents of DFIG with crowbar protection has become very important key to realizing the low voltage ride through (LVRT) capability of DFIG and establishing the corresponding grid protection scheme. In view of this, a method to calculate the short circuit currents of DFIG with crowbar protection when different types of fault occur in the grid is proposed in this paper. First, the DFIG stator and rotor 2nd-order differential equations in the cases of grid symmetrical fault and asymmetrical fault are established respectively. And the short circuit current calculation model when crowbar resistance remains unchanged in the fault duration is obtained. On this basis, the short circuit current calculation model when crowbar resistance varies in the fault duration is derived. And then, the influence of crowbar resistance and DFIG rotor speed on the short circuit current calculation model is analyzed, including the variation pattern of flux eigenvalues with the crowbar resistance, and the variation feature of flux amplitude and phase angle with the rotor speed. Besides, the transient variation characteristics of different flux components are studied. Finally, time-domain simulation tests verify that the proposed calculation method is correct and applicable to different types of crowbar circuits in the market. Besides, the influence of crowbar resistance and DFIG rotor speed on the stator short circuit current peak, peak time and current frequency in different fault cases is revealed.     

基于轮廓分析与三阶不变矩的旋转目标定位算法

为了解决当前图像定位算法在识别旋转与缩放工件目标时,存在定位成功率不高的问题,提出了基于轮廓分析与不变矩特征的旋转目标定位算法.首先,采用自适应二值化对图像进行预处理,并遍历图像轮廓,完成轮廓序列提取与面积计算,实现对杂质干扰的排除.然后构建三阶不变矩,计算逐一计算图像轮廓序列的三阶不变矩特征,从而建立定位度函数,与模板目标的不变矩特征比较,完成对旋转缩放工件目标定位.实验测试结果表明,与当前图像定位算法相比,在面对缩放十旋转干扰时,本算法拥有更高的定位成功率与鲁棒性.     

基于混沌序列和DCT变换的图像零隐藏算法研究

为提高信息隐藏技术的抗隐写分析能力,对基于图像的零隐藏技术理论模型进行推导,分析了零隐藏技术实现信息隐藏时鲁棒性和预处理的要求,考虑到离散余弦变换(DCT)和混沌序列的各自优势,提出了基于DCT变换和混沌序列的图像零隐藏算法.该算法利用混沌序列对隐秘信息进行预处理加密,建立载体图像DCT变换域直流系数与已加密隐秘信息之间的关系文档,而不是将隐秘信息嵌入到载体图像中.在MATLAB环境下对该算法进行性能测试,结果表明具有嵌入容量大、鲁棒性强以及抗隐写分析能力好的优点.     

数字高电压表测定三相输电线路相序的研究

提出用二支便携式数字高压表与一支电容式附杆相配合，测定高压输电线路或变压器高压侧相序的方法。并导出中点偏移后，负载相电压比值的计算公式。该方法在野外实时测定时，操作简单，测定相序正确，可大大节省时间，提高工作效率。     

发电机机端断路器非全相保护新型判据的研究

2012年1月,某蓄能水电厂发电机在轻载运行时,发电机机端断路器(Generator Circuit Breaker, GCB)发生单相断线故障,而相关保护未能及时切除故障,导致故障范围扩大。针对此问题,通过比较分析现有的反时限负序电流保护和基于GCB两侧基波零序电压相角差的GCB非全相保护,提出综合零序电压和负序电流量的GCB非全相保护复合判据。考虑GCB两侧基波零序电压故障特征量的幅值、相位变化,提出基于零序电压比值和相量差的GCB非全相保护新型判据。这几种新型判据进一步完善了GCB非全相保护,可在相关电厂得到应用。