Electromagnetic field of a horizontal electric dipole buried in a medium covering one-dimensionally anisotropic medium

The electromagnetic fields of a horizontal electric dipole buried in a medium covering one-dimensionally anisotropic medium are studied. There are three media, one-dimensionally anisotropic medium covered with a dielectric under the air. The electromagnetic field components are complex because of the multiple reflections from the up and down boundaries. The electromagnetic field components between air and one-dimensionally anisotropic medium are given, the trapped surface waves and lateral waves along the dielectric-anisotropic medium boundary are computed. The results have some practical applications in the communication in sea or lake above one-dimensionally anisotropic earth or sediments.     

Characterization of germanium implanted Si1−xGex layer

Characterization of a Si_1−xGe_x layer formed by high-dose germanium implantation and subsequent solid phase epitaxy is reported. Properties of this layer are obtained from electrical measurements on diodes and transistors fabricated in this layer. Results are compared with those of the silicon control devices. It was observed that the germanium implantation created considerable defects that are difficult to eliminate with annealing. These defects result in boron deactivation in the p-type regions of the devices, giving rise to larger resistance. Optimization of the device structure and fabrication process is discussed.     

镁/聚四氟乙烯红外诱饵剂燃烧速度的计算

分析了镁／聚四氟乙烯红外诱饵剂燃烧的过程与控制步骤,建立了燃烧模型,确定了燃烧速度的计算方法;根据分析结果可知,聚四氟乙烯气化分解和分解产物向熔化的镁内部扩散决定着药柱的燃烧速度;根据计算结果可知,在聚四氟乙烯粒度远小于镁粒度的条件下,燃烧速度随着镁粒度的减小和比表面积的增大而提高;最后利用实验对计算结果进行了验证。     

暴雨天气情况下变换车道的预警算法

根据南方特殊气候,以及当前多数车辆的预警系统因基于车辆参数而误报率增加的情况,建立了一种具有驾驶员生物特性以及车辆未来轨迹预测的预警算法;在暴雨情况下,驾驶员的前方,侧方视线会受到不同程度的限制,后视镜功能因结雾而基本丧失,加上路面因积水而导致阻力减少,驾驶员因对于车辆的控制程度降低而出现车辆偏离正常行驶轨迹而变换车道的情况;而传统的预警系统因雨天因素误报率也会大大增加;针对上述问题,提出一种基于未来轨迹预测以及驾驶员意图判断的变换车道预警算法.     

非镜面散射条件高度测量研究

以现代信号处理和火箭外弹道理论为基础，综合利用武器系统和引信的先验信息，研究了在弹丸具有任意落速、落角、目标为平坦地面和非镜面散射条件下，引信距离面目标的垂直高度确定问题。从理论上解决了在假设条件下引信炸高测量问题，并给出了高度测量的具体运算方法。     

Pseudo-haptics for rigid tool/soft surface interaction feedback in virtual environments

This paper proposes a novel pseudo-haptic soft surface stiffness simulation technique achieved by displaying the deformation of the soft surface and maneuvering an indenter avatar over a virtual soft surface by means of a touch-sensitive tablet. The visual feedback of the surface deformation and the alterations to the indenter avatar behavior produced by the proposed technique create the illusion of interaction with a hard inclusion embedded in the virtual soft surface. The proposed pseudo-haptics technique is validated with a series of experiments conducted by employing a tablet computer with an S-pen input and a tablet computer with a bare finger input. Tablet computers provide unique opportunities for presenting the pseudo-haptic (indenter avatar speed), haptic (contact reaction force from the device surface) and visual cues (surface information) at the same active point of interaction which facilitates information fusion. Hence, here, we evaluate the performance of tablet computers in identification of hard inclusions within virtual soft objects and compare it with the performance of a touchpad input device. A direct hand-soft surface interaction is used for benchmarking of this study. We found that compared with using a touchpad, both the sensitivity and the positive predictive value of the hard inclusion detection can be significantly improved by 33.3% and 13.9%, respectively, by employing tablet computers. Using tablet computers could produce results comparable to the direct hand-soft surface interaction in detecting hard inclusions in a soft object. The experimental results presented here confirm the potential of the proposed technique for conveying haptic information in rigid tool/soft surface interaction in virtual environments.     

地表温度测量方法研究综述

对近年来国内外测量地表温度的理论、方法和应用进行了全面的回顾,主要介绍了玻璃液体温度表、铂电阻地温传感器、红外温度传感器和红外辐射计的使用方法及优缺点.分析了它们测量地表温度的差异,指出了前两种仪表存在的不足,重点介绍了基于红外辐射原理的红外温度传感器和红外辐射计.实际应用表明：经过气象因子修正后的红外传感器和考虑了大气逆辐射影响的红外辐射计测量地表温度更加准确、可靠,是以后重点研究的方向.     

地物环境对地面大气电场测量的影响

地物环境对地面大气电场测量结果的影响较大,这在地面大气电场仪联网中将会影响以致失去各观测点数据间的可比性。针对这一问题将地面上凸出的建筑物、树木等简化为形状规则的立方体、柱体和球体三种基本单元,分别对这三种基本单元周围的大气电场进行了计算和讨论,并采用电磁场仿真软件Ansoft Maxwell进行了仿真分析,得出了地面凸出物的形状、距离、高度对大气电场影响的解析关系式以及不同条件下的环境修正系数。     

Effects of metallization characteristics on gold wire bondability of organic printed circuit boards

Organic printed circuit boards (PCBs) with Au/Ni plates on bond pads are widely used in chip-on-board (COB), ball grid array (BGA), and chip-scale packages. These packages are interconnected using thermosonic gold wire bonding. The wire bond yield relies on the bondability of the Ni/Au pads. Several metallization parameters, including elemental composition, thickness, hardness, roughness, and surface contamination, affect the success of the solid state joining process. In this study, various characterization and mechanical testing techniques are employed to evaluate these parameters for different metallization schemes with varying Ni and Au layer thicknesses. The pull force of Au wires is measured as a function of plasma treatment applied before wire bonding to clean the bond pads. Close correlations are established between metallization characteristics and wire bond quality.     

The application of single-layer graphene modified with solution-processed TiOx and PEDOT:PSS as a transparent conductive anode in organic light-emitting diodes

There are many challenges for a direct application of graphene as the electrodes in organic electronics due to its hydrophobic surfaces, low work function (WF) and poor conductance. The authors demonstrate a modified single-layer graphene (SLG) as the anode in organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs). The SLG, doped with the solution-processed titanium suboxide (TiO_x) and poly(3,4-ethylenedio-xythiophene)/poly(styrene sulfonic acid) (PEDOT:PSS), exhibits excellent optoelectronic characteristics with reduced sheet resistance (R_sq), increased work function, as well as over 92% transmittance in the visible region. It is notable that the R_sq of graphene decreased by ∼86% from 628 Ω/sq to 86 Ω/sq and the WF of graphene increased about 0.82 eV from 4.30 eV to 5.12 eV after a modification by using the TiO_x–PEDOT:PSS double interlayers. In addition, the existence of additional TiO_x and PEDOT:PSS layers offers a good coverage to the PMMA residuals on SLG, which are often introduced during graphene transfer processes. As a result, the electrical shorting due to the PMMA residues in the device can be effectively suppressed. By using the modified SLG as a bottom anode in OLEDs, the device exhibited comparable current efficiency and power efficiency to those of the ITO based reference OLEDs. The approach demonstrated in this work could potentially provide a viable way to fabricate highly efficient and flexible OLEDs based on graphene anode.