应用流式细胞仪进行CHO细胞计数及存活率计算

以CHO生物工程细胞为对象,探索了流式细胞仪在细胞计数和细胞存活率计算方面的应用。通过设定侧向角散射SS、电子体积EV及荧光强度FL3等3个参数,编制CHO细胞计数程序,再应用流式细胞仪进行细胞计数和存活率计算,其结果与血球计数板法基本一致,但操作更迅速、SD值更低,说明流式细胞仪法较血球计数板法更高效稳定。流式细胞仪法提高了生物工程的生产效率和毒理学评价的准确性,可应用于大规模细胞实验中。     

纯培养条件下细菌需氯量和存活性的试验研究

以埃希氏大肠杆菌和粪肠球菌作为研究对象,在纯培养条件下考察了自由氯、氯胺和二氧化氯的投加量以及细菌初始浓度对需氯量的影响.结果表明:灭活率达到99.9％时,两种细菌的需氯量均随初始菌浓度和消毒剂投加量的提高而增大,粪肠球菌的需氯量大于埃希氏大肠杆菌;投加自由氯时两种细菌的需氯量差别最大,其次是二氧化氯,氯胺的差别最小.     

Viability and Resistance of Lactobacilli Isolated from Cocoa Fermentation to Simulated Gastrointestinal Digestive Steps in Soy Yogurt

To study the potential probiotic characteristics such as decrease of pH, microbial viability, and tolerance to simulated digestive steps of fermented soy beverage (“soy yogurt”) produced with lactobacilli isolated from cocoa fermentation (Lactobacillus fermentum TcUESC01 and Lactobacillus plantarum TcUESC02) during fermentation and refrigerated storage. The sensory acceptance of the yogurts was also tested. Samples of soy yogurt produced with L. fermentum TcUESC01 or L. plantarum TcUESC02 were collected during fermentation (0, 4, 8, and 12 h) and refrigerated storage (1, 9, 18, and 27 d), and submitted to pH and bacterial viability determinations. Tolerance to simulated digestion steps was done with refrigerated storage samples at 9 °C. Simulated digestion was performed in 3 successive steps: exposure to pepsin‐HCl solution, bile shock, and simulated small intestinal juice. During storage, a decrease in pH and lactobacillus viability was observed. L. fermentum TcUESC01 showed to be more resistant than L. plantarum TcUESC02 to simulated gastrointestinal digestion. All soy yogurts showed acceptable hedonic scores (greater than 5 in a 9‐point hedonic scale ranging from “like extremely” to “dislike extremely”) in sensory evaluation for flavor, aroma, color, consistency, and overall impression. L. plantarum TcUESC02 and, especially, L. fermentum TcUESC01 showed potential probiotic characteristics when considering pH, cell viability, and tolerance to simulated digestive steps and did not affect the sensory characteristics when supplemented to soy yogurt during storage.     

支持向量机在肺癌生存期预测中的应用分析

利用收集到的1 000多例肺癌病人的临床数据,把支持向量机算法应用到对肺癌病人生存期分类预测中,并和神经网络算法进行了对比分析,探讨了用网格搜索法来选择最佳核参数的方法,讨论了肺癌生存期预测的可行性。     

雷达散射截面对反舰导弹生存能力的影响研究

建立了反舰导弹对由预警雷达和舰空导弹武器系统组成的现代化反导系统的突防概率的计算方法,其中包括探测概率和拦截概率的计算.通过仿真计算,分析反舰导弹的RCS对生存能力的影响.研究结果表明,减缩反舰导弹的RCS可以显著降低反舰导弹被探测的概率,从而可以缩短舰空导弹的发射区远界,缩短反导的作战准备时间,提高反舰导弹的生存能力.     

鱼友型水轮机研究进展及建议

鱼友型水轮机的研究旨在保证水轮机水力性能的前提下提高过机鱼的存活率。某些发达国家已投入一定的人力和财力进行了鱼友型水轮机的研究,取得了不少成果,部分成果已应用到水电站,而我国在该领域的研究还处于空白。本文对过机鱼损伤机理、鱼友型水轮机设计及水轮机过鱼试验等成果进行全面的归纳和总结,并对鱼友型水轮机的研究方向提出建议。     

分布式网络雷达的生存能力

网络雷达是为应对现代复杂战争环境提出的一种新型雷达。给出了网络雷达的发现概率和生存概率,并将两者联系起来建立了相关的数学模型,以评价网络雷达的生存能力。     

Age and productivity as determinants of firm survival over the industry life cycle

This paper contributes to fill the gap between the literature on the determinants of firm survival and the empirical works on the industry life cycle (ILC). Using a representative sample of Spanish firms with 10 or more employees over the period 1993–2009, the role played by firm age and productivity in firm survival is empirically analysed across three stages of the life cycle of forty-seven 3-digit manufacturing sectors. In the ‘early’ stage of the ILC, firm age is negatively correlated with hazard rates while firm productivity is not. Firm productivity is associated with lower hazard in the ‘mature’ stage of the ILC, when competition is primarily efficiency-driven, while firm age does not play a significant role for firm survival. In the ‘intermediate’ stage, both age and productivity play a role in reducing firms’ hazard rates.     

晚期肾细胞癌靶向药物治疗后孤立转移灶手术切除的疗效

目的　探讨靶向药物治疗的转移性肾细胞癌患者远处孤立转移病灶行手术切除的疗效。方法　回顾性收集2007年12月至2013年12月在北京协和医院接受靶向药物治疗的126例转移性肾细胞癌患者资料，其中16例对远处孤立转移灶予以手术切除。患者均有明确的肾细胞癌病理诊断，口服靶向药物索拉非尼、舒尼替尼或依维莫司，直至孤立转移灶稳定且评估为可切除。对手术治疗的安全性和远期效果进行评价。结果　接受远处孤立转移灶切除术的16例患者中，男11例，女5例，中位年龄51岁（37~72岁）；其中肾透明细胞癌14例，肾乳头状细胞癌2例；肺转移5例，骨转移2例，肾上腺转移5例，脑转移2例，肝转移1例，腹壁转移1例。患者围术期均恢复良好，无严重并发症发生。术后肿瘤相关症状明显缓解，一般情况有所好转。16例患者1、3、5年生存率分别为75.0%、43.8%和31.3％。无手术相关的死亡。结论　经靶向药物治疗的晚期肾细胞癌患者有远处孤立转移灶时可从手术治疗中获益，取得较长时间生存。。     

Simulating Coxian phase-type distributions for patient survival

Coxian phase-type distributions are a special type of Markov model that can be used to represent survival times in terms of phases through which an individual may progress until they eventually leave the system completely. Previous research has considered the Coxian phase-type distribution to be ideal in representing patient survival in hospital. However, problems exist in fitting the distributions. This paper investigates the problems that arise with the fitting process by simulating various Coxian phase-type models for the representation of patient survival and examining the estimated parameter values and eigenvalues obtained. The results indicate that numerical methods previously used for fitting the model parameters do not always converge. An alternative technique is therefore considered. All methods are influenced by the choice of initial parameter values. The investigation uses a data set of 1439 elderly patients and models their survival time, the length of time they spend in a UK hospital.