聚合物驱采油污水处理研究进展

含聚丙烯酰胺污水是一类比较复杂、特殊的污水,随着各个油田相继采用聚合物驱以提高原油采收率,采油污水的数量在逐年增加,其处理已成为一个亟待解决的问题。综述了采用几种方式降解水中聚丙烯酰胺的可行性研究结果,光催化氧化、硫酸盐还原菌都能使水中聚丙烯酰胺有不同程度的降解。光催化氧化考察了催化体系、光源体系等对HPAM的影响。采用1%的催化剂TiO2使用中压汞灯在紫外光的作用下,可使聚丙烯酰胺(HPAM)分解至8%左右。硫酸盐还原菌在油藏环境条件pH为7左右时,大量繁殖生长,使HPAM大幅度降解。在高温下(60～80℃),聚丙烯酰胺失稳发生降解,高温及高矿化度油藏也会导致HPAM降解。以上研究为解决聚合物采油污水的处理奠定了良好的基础。     

用神经网络方法优化鼓泡塔气含率的关联式

鼓泡塔作为一种结构简单的反应器,由于具有众多的优点,正在越来越广泛的应用于各种工业生产中。气含率是这类反应器的关键设计参数,如何准确地预测鼓泡塔的气含率,一直是人们研究的热点问题。在两千多组公开发表的鼓泡塔的实验数据组成的数据库的基础上,采用神经网络回归方法,在考虑所研究体系的物性参数,操作条件的基础上,结合受力分析,得到有8个对鼓泡塔内气含率有影响的无因次准数。将神经网络回归方法与受力分析相结合,提出了一个预测鼓泡塔内气含率的关联式。采用含有不同参数的模拟方案,进行比较,得到一个优化的神经网络关联式。与文献中6个现有的关联式进行比较,得出该关联式预测的结果与实验结果最为接近的结论。     

车辆导航系统最优路径规划的研究与实现

最优路径规划是智能车辆导航定位系统中一个非常关键的问题。通过对车辆导航系统本身的特点及要求的分析与研究、设计了良好、实用的空间数据的数据结构，并对基于人工智能的A*算法进行了优化，实现了准确的、较为高效的最优路径搜索。最后给出了一个最优路径搜索的实例。     

一种基于四叉树和R*-树的索引结构--QR*-树

目前，许多应用领域频繁地涉及到大的数据集和高维数据对象，如CAD、图形数据库等。文中介绍了一种新的空间索引结构QR^*-树。QR^*-树的存储开销仅略大于R^*-树，而在插入、删除，尤其是查找性能上要优于R^*-树。     

IP*-索引在时间序列反向查询中的应用

针对时间序列中的反向查询，提出了一种新的索引方法——IP*-索引，并介绍了IP*-索引的实现过程，最后介绍了IP*-索引在具体实距中的应用。     

R-tree的查询代价模型分析及算法改进

提出一个R-tree的查询代价模型（Cost Model) ,在对该模型分析的基础上，对R-tree及其变种进行了改进，形成了CR^*-tree，分别对Cost Model和CR^*-tree做了实验，结果显示该Cost Model的平均误差为12．6％，而改进后的CR^*-tree查询性能比R^*-tree提高了4．25％。     

一种基于 R* -tree的时空索引

时空数据是一种特殊的多维数据，其每一数据项的时间戳值是单调递增的。3D R-tree把时间看作为空间的另一维，然后利用R-tree进行空间索引，查询效率比较低而且只能处理离线数据。而HR-tree将时间维孤立出来，同时保存每一时间戳的空间数据，查询效率较高但是空间开销大。该文提出了一种基于R*-tree算法的时空索引方法。该方法比3D R-tree有更好的查询效率且支持在线数据模式．较之HR-tree在保证查询效率的同时使用更少的存储空间，最后给出了试验对比结果。     

具有子串检索功能的可扩展分布式数据结构

EH*S是可扩展分布式数据结构EH*的一个改进，增加了子串检索功能。通过对子串和关键字计算描述符向量，为EH*文件中的每个桶添加一个桶描述符向量，然后把子串描述符向量分别与关键字和桶的描述符向量进行比较，得到包含子串的关键字集。     

Comparison of different peeling systems for kiwifruit (Actinidia deliciosa,cv Hayward)

Galicia (N.W. Spain) produces 60% of Spanish kiwifruit (Actinidia deliciosa) and 5–20% of these are ‘destrío’ fruits, which do not reach market size and the appropriate form. These rejected fruits can be processed into products, thus increasing their added value. The processing of kiwifruit always includes a peeling operation, which can be performed by different systems. The most suitable conditions for caustic peeling and thermal peeling were established. Then, the two peeling systems were compared with manual peeling with the aim of selecting the best system to remove the peel of the ‘destrío’ kiwifruit. The fruits, once harvested, were stored in a cold chamber at 0 °C. Before processing or marketing kiwifruits, it is necessary to remove them from storage in cold chamber and storage at room temperature. In this study, different storage times at room temperature before peeling kiwifruits were also tested. The best system for peeling the kiwifruit was thermal peeling as this system resulted in the lowest weight loss and preserved the green colour characteristic of the kiwifruit. The best time for peeling the kiwifruit was after 8 days of storage at room temperature, after being removed from the cold chamber.     

An adaptive color similarity function suitable for image segmentation and its numerical evaluation

In this article, we present an adaptive color similarity function defined in a modified hue‐saturation‐intensity color space, which can be used directly as a metric to obtain pixel‐wise segmentation of color images among other applications. The color information of every pixel is integrated as a unit by an adaptive similarity function thus avoiding color information scattering. As a direct application we present an efficient interactive, supervised color segmentation method with linear complexity respect to the number of pixels of the input image. The process has three steps: (1) Manual selection of few pixels in a sample of the color to be segmented. (2) Automatic generation of the so called color similarity image (CSI), which is a gray level image with all the gray level tonalities associated with the selected color. (3) Automatic threshold of the CSI to obtain the final segmentation. The proposed technique is direct, simple and computationally inexpensive. The evaluation of the efficiency of the color segmentation method is presented showing good performance in all cases of study. A comparative study is made between the behavior of the proposed method and two comparable segmentation techniques in color images using (1) the Euclidean metric of the a* and b* color channels rejecting L* and (2) a probabilistic approach on a* and b* in the CIE L*a*b* color space. Our testing system can be used either to explore the behavior of a similarity function (or metric) in different color spaces or to explore different metrics (or similarity functions) in the same color space. It was obtained from the results that the color parameters a* and b* are not independent of the luminance parameter L* as one might initially assume in the CIE L*a*b* color space. We show that our solution improves the quality of the proposed color segmentation technique and its quick result is significant with respect to other solutions found in the literature. The method also gives a good performance in low chromaticity, gray level and low contrast images. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Col Res Appl, 42, 156–172, 2017