腐蚀算法在重建一类特殊管道中的应用

针对一类特殊而不能直接对其观察的管道（如动物的血管），为了准确了解其内部特征和形态，借助计算机给出了一种用腐蚀算法来重建管道原形的方法。这种方法简单易行，而且精确度高。     

无间隙原子钢的微观结构特征和塑性应变比

采用Ｘ射线衍射的ＯＤＦ和ＬＰ分析技术，ＳＥＭ电子通道花样和蚀坑技术观测，研究了超深冲无间隙原子钢板的微观结构特征。结果表明：控制化学成分、保证基体纯净、优选工艺参数，促进强的γ－〈１１１〉∥Ｎ．Ｄ纤维织构的形成是获得优异成型性的关键。用ＣＭＴＰ方法，由ＯＤＦ织构数据从理论计算了塑性应变比（ｒ），表明ｒｍ值高达３．１８。文中讨论了再结晶织构形成机制。     

用于X光激光实验的反射式线聚焦光学系统的设计和分析

基于三维光线追迹的象差计算,对卢瑟福实验室用离轴球面反射线聚焦系统作了分析。然后,首次提出了用于X光激光实验的两类新的反射式线聚焦构型,即反射式光楔列阵和光锥列阵系统,并作了计算。最后,对所得结果作了比较和讨论。     

The Change of Body Temperature During Convective Drying of Cube-Shaped Apple Pieces

When using the convective drying method, the mass transfer between drying air and moisture diffusion of the material is very important. The moisture moves inside the material because of the volume change caused by the increased temperature. This movement is additionally affected by the texture of the material. According to the research dealing with colloid capillary porous texture of vegetables and fruit, the humidity migration inside the material occurs in both fluid and steam condition at the same time. This migration is stimulated by the heating and decreasing humidity along with the flow. In this research, winter varieties of apples (Jonathan, Golden Delicious, and Idared) were studied by heating of a 20 × 20 × 20 piece of apple with a thermocouple in it. On the basis of the measurements it can be stated that for the fruits with a high percentage of moisture (75-90%), when making the drying condition, the moisture gradient is influenced by the fractured cells of the cut area. It was found that the variety of apple is very important in relation to the heating and water loss gradient. According to the results, the wet volume change due to the heating highly influences the water loss. The models that describe the temperature of the material have a connection with the water loss.     

Application of a Three-dimensional Wind Driven Circulation Model to Assess the Locations of New Drinking Water Intakes in Lake Ontario

A 3D transport model is used to perform a comparative analysis of several potential drinking water intakes located along the northwest shore of Lake Ontario between Toronto and Oshawa. The model is specifically used to assess each intake under both long- and short-term transport of a potential pollutant release from the Pickering Nuclear Generating Station and potential and actual pollutant releases from local land sources respectively. A model based on a 500 m grid resolution is calibrated using data collected in the aftermath of the 1992 tritium spill at the Pickering Nuclear Generation Station and subsequently used to simulate long-term transport. A model based on a 100 m grid resolution is verified using drogue studies and used to simulate short-term transport events. Both models are used to assess pollutant levels at each of nine potential intake locations under different wind scenarios and pollutant releases. Field data for the study included water quality and flow measurements from local sewers and rivers, and estimates of pollutant levels from the local waste water treatment plants. This paper describes the model setup for both the long-term and short-term transport models, calibration using field data, long-term transport modeling, short-term transport modeling, and the comprehensive analysis approach used to evaluate the nine potential intake locations proposed. Results indicated that four intakes in particular outperformed other intake locations by maintaining bottom pollutant levels within governmental standards and warning times that exceeded 20 hours.     

低碳微合金钢中的晶内铁素体及组织控制

回顾和评述了晶内铁素体的发现、发展及其与组织控制的关系.介绍了晶内铁素体的形核机制和影响晶内铁素体形成的因素,讨论了晶内铁素体的三维形态和长大动力学,并从以上几方面分析了晶内铁素体对低碳微合金钢组织细化的重要作用和影响.     

Allelopathic effects of giant foxtail on germination and radicle elongation of loblolly pine seed

Water extracts of giant foxtail grass inhibited germination and radicle elongation of loblolly pine seed in a laboratory test. Most of the toxic effects came from extracts of dried foxtail tops, with lesser amounts from fresh tops and roots. Soil texture affected the phytotoxicity of the extracts. Eight chemical compounds known to be phytotoxins inSetaria were identified in extracts of foxtail leaves but could not be found in soil samples under the leaves.     

热流体喷射变形机理与喷嘴结构

高速短程纺技术能生产三维卷曲短纤维,该技术的关键之一是热流体喷射装置。本文介绍了热流体喷射装置的演变与特点及它的加工机理和某些已应用的实际装置。     

Resilient metal spring network silicone-matrix composite for separable interconnections

Resilient metal spring silicone-matrix conducting composites for separable interconnections in electronics were fabricated by the impregnation of silicone into a preform comprising randomly oriented C-shaped Cu-Be springs and a small proportion of Sn-Pb solder, which served to connect the springs at some of their intersections. Composites containing 6.1-9.8 vol.% total filler exhibited volume electrical resistivity 0.5-1.0 mΩ.cm and contact resistivity (with copper) 11-17 mΩ.cm². A compressive stress of about 30 kPa was needed for the low contact resistivity to be reached. The volume 17-26% and the contact resistivity increased by 5% after heating in air at 130-150°C for seven days. Composites containing <9 vol.% total filler showed no stress relaxation for seven days at 6.0% strain.     

Dependence of critical current density on microstructure and processing of high-Tc superconductors

Microstructural origins for reduced weak-link behavior in high-J_c melt-processed YBCO, spray pyrolyzed thick films of Tl-1223, metallic precursor Y-124 polycrystalline powder-in-tube (PIT) wires and PIT Bi-2212/2223 are discussed. Since the materials studied are the highest J_c, polycrystalline, high-T_c superconductors fabricated worldwide, the results provide important guidelines for further improvements in superconducting properties, thereby enabling practical applications of these materials. It is found that strongly linked current flow within domains of melt-processed 123 occurs effectively through a single crystal path. In c-axis oriented, polycrystalline Tl-1223 thick films, local in-plane texture has been found to play a crucial role in the reduced weak-link behavior. Formation of “colonies” of grains with a common c-axis and modest in-plane misorientation was observed. Furthermore, a colony boundary in general has a varying misorientation along the boundary. Large regions comprised primarily of low angle boundaries were observed. Percolative transport through a network of such small angle boundaries appears to provide the nonweak-linked current path. Although powder-in-tube BSCCO 2212 and 2223 also appear to have a “colony” microstructure, there are some important differences. Colonies in BSCCO consist of stacks of grains with similar c-axis orientation in contrast to colonies in Tl-1223 films where few grains are stacked on top of one another. Furthermore, most grains within a colony in BSCCO have the same lateral dimensions as that of the colony, resulting largely largely in “twist” boundaries. Further microstructural characterization of high-J_c PIT 2212 and 2223 is currently underway. In the case of Y-124 wires, weak macroscopic in-plane texture is found. Additional measurements are underway to determine if a sharper, local in-plane texture also exists. It is found that in three of the four types of superconductors studied, reduced weak-link behavior can be ascribed to some degree of biaxial alignment between grains, either on a “local” or a “global” scale.