基于3DMax技术的胡杨茎生长模拟

植物生长模拟研究,是利用计算机技术以可视化的形式描述植物的生长状态。本研究在综合国内外相关研究成果的基础上,以南疆胡杨茎为研究对象,通过对胡杨茎的生长因子及结构形态的研究,提出一种基于三维结构的胡杨茎生长模型,并运用3DMax技术建模,实现胡杨茎的生长形态的可视化。本研究能促进人们对胡杨生长过程的理解和感知,为分析胡杨结构功能关系、调控生长模式等提供重要参考。     

Study of mass transfer in a vertically moving particle bed electrode

A study was made of the influence of process parameters on the mass-transfer coefficient in a flow-through cell with a cascade of rotating drums partially filled with conductive particles (called the vertically moving particle bed). Copper deposition from an acidic sodium sulphate solution was used as the model reaction. To evaluate the experimental data a macrohomogeneous mathematical model of potential and current density distribution inside the cell was developed. The electrolyte flow distribution between the empty space above the particle bed and through the bed was evaluated. On the basis of these results the following correlation is proposed:

考虑地层渗透性各向异性的堤防工程三维防渗结构优化分析

在透水地基上修建长堤防工程,堤基防渗结构的渗控效应直接影响堤防的安全运行。根据岷江干流虎渡溪工程库区长堤防工程地质条件,采用三维渗流分析方法,对堤基高喷防渗墙的布置结构进行优化分析。结果表明：高喷防渗墙可有效降低堤后地下水水位,减小库水向堤后低洼保护区域渗漏,但其渗控效应受防渗结构空间展布长度、深度与渗透性以及地层材料渗透性各向异性的影响。满足低洼保护区域不溢出要求的防渗墙最小展布长度随其布置深度的增大和施工质量的提高而减小,防渗墙渗透系数小于1×10^-5 cm/s并将透水性强的覆盖层截断时,其渗控效应明显,若进一步提升防渗墙质量和布置深度则效果不显著。防渗墙质量的提高对堤防渗控效应的提升受地层材料渗透性各向异性的影响较小,而布置深度增大在渗透性各向异性比较大时对渗控效应与防渗结构优化设计的影响较大。随着地层材料渗透性各向异性比的增大,防渗墙所需最小空间展布长度逐渐增大,由各向同性时的180 m增大到220 m,且当渗透性各向异性比较大时,可能有必要增加防渗墙布置深度。     

Margarines: A rheological study

Time-dependent flow properties of both commercial and pilot plant-made margarines were characterized under steady shear. Flow curves were fitted to the kinetic expression τ = τ _i +a e ^−k1t +b e ^−k2t . A first-order kinetic model did not describe the observed destruction process of the margarine structure in an adequate manner. In the proposed model, two structures with different destruction rates are postulated. Each structure contributes to a part of the shear stress necessary to deform the margarine sample. The parameters τ _i a andb are temperature-dependent. Decreasing temperatures produce an exponential increase of τ _i , a linear increase ofb and an increase ofa up to a point beyond which it remains constant. A physical interpretation of the model is proposed. The role of the aqueous phase was also studied. Greater hardness was detected at higher water content. Parameter τ _i increased, at any selected temperature, with increasing aqueous phase content of the sample. Parametera increased with decreasing temperatures and higher water content. On the other hand, parameterb was not affected by the amount of aqueous phase. This kinetic model could be employed to perform studies on the influence of different parameters of margarine formulation on its rheologic behavior.     

Molecular design and characterization of catalysts for NO x selective reduction by hydrocarbons in the oxygen excess based upon ultramicroporous zirconia pillared clays

Approaches to design of zirconia pillared clays via control of the properties of pillaring species in solutions were elaborated. Structural features of pillars and Pt + Cu active components fixed at these nanoparticles were shown to determine catalytic properties of pillared clays in NO_x selective reduction by hydrocarbons in the oxygen excess.     

用于确定双吸离心泵Suter曲线的三维内特性法研究

水泵Suter曲线是泵站水锤分析的必备条件之一。现有用于获取双吸离心泵Suter曲线的实测法具有难度大、成本高的特点,而间接插值估算法的精度又比较低,本文提出了一种通过水泵流场三维数值计算确定双吸离心泵Suter曲线的新方法,简称三维内特性法。该方法采用计算流体力学(CFD)技术,对双吸离心泵的水力模型进行三维造型、工况离散、流场计算及结果转化,以快速、准确地获取双吸离心泵Suter曲线,在正水泵工况、正水轮机工况、反水轮机工况、反水泵工况等工况下,计算出相应流量、转速、扬程和转矩关系。定量分析表明,相比于间接插值估算法,采用三维内特性法获得的Suter曲线中,Wh(x)的计算精度平均提高了39.2%,Wb(x)的计算精度平均提高了26.3%;在将采用该方法获得的双吸离心泵Suter曲线用于事故停泵工况水锤分析时,计算得到的系统最大压力降低了15.0%,管线发生汽化压力的范围缩减了81.4%,双吸离心泵的最大倒流量增大了11.9%,最大倒转速降低了6.1%,与实际测试结果更为接近。该方法为提高双吸离心泵站水锤分析精度提供了一种新技术途径。     

Fluorinated γ-alumina aerogels and xerogels: characterisation and catalytic behaviour

The porosity of -alumina-based materials is an important parameter affecting the extent of fluorination (aerogels > commercial -Al₂O₃ > xerogels) and, consequently, also the textural, acidic and catalytic properties of the final fluorinated materials. Only the highly fiuorinated aluminas having strong Lewis acidic sites catalyse the isomerisation of CHF₂CHF₂ to CF₃CH₂F.     

GLCM based extraction of flame image texture features and KPCA-GLVQ recognition method for rotary kiln combustion working conditions

According to the pulverized coal combustion flame image texture features of the rotary-kiln oxide pellets sintering process,a combustion working condition recognition method based on the generalized learning vector(GLVQ) neural network is proposed.Firstly,the numerical flame image is analyzed to extract texture features,such as energy,entropy and inertia,based on grey-level co-occurrence matrix(GLCM) to provide qualitative information on the changes in the visual appearance of the flame.Then the kernel principal component analysis(KPCA) method is adopted to deduct the input vector with high dimensionality so as to reduce the GLVQ target dimension and network scale greatly.Finally,the GLVQ neural network is trained by using the normalized texture feature data.The test results show that the proposed KPCA-GLVQ classifer has an excellent performance on training speed and correct recognition rate,and it meets the requirement for real-time combustion working condition recognition for the rotary kiln process.     

基于Flash 3D的在线虚拟漫游系统设计与实现

对目前虚拟漫游系统的瓶颈进行分析,提出并实现了一个基于Flash 3D的、优化了的在线虚拟旅游系统。系统对三维场景文件包括模型文件、材质文件及其构建步骤进行优化,并在实现了对多种媒体元素支持的基础上,设计了独创的热点系统,实现对三维场景按需进行加载和展示,以及游客在场景中的互动漫游。系统测试结果表明,该设计方案优化效果显著,系统性能得到了极大的提升。