Robust integrated sequential covariance intersection fusion Kalman filters and their convergence and stability for networked sensor systems with five uncertainties

For networked sensor systems (NSSs) with hard and soft sensors including five uncertainties, two universal approaches of solving the robust fusion estimation problems are presented. It includes an integrated sequential covariance intersection (SCI) fusion minimax robust Kalman filtering approach with cross-covariance information and a generalized Lyapunov equation approach with four pairs of Lyapunov equations. Applying them, the robust local and SCI fused time-varying and steady-state Kalman filters are presented in the sense that their actual estimation error variances are guaranteed to have the corresponding minimal upper bounds. The equivalent batch SCI fusers are also presented. Their robustness and accuracy relations are proved, and the sensitivity of the SCI fuser with respect to the fused orders of sensors is analyzed. Applying the dynamic error system analysis method and the dynamic variance error system analysis method, a new convergence and absolute asymptotic stability theory of robust fusion Kalman filtering is presented. The classical Kalman filtering convergence and stability theory is developed. Compared with the original covariance intersection fuser, they significantly reduced the computational complexity and burden. Compared with the optimal and conservative SCI fusers, they significantly improved the robust accuracies. They are suitable to deal with asynchronous or random delayed data and are suitable for real-time applications. A simulation applied to the two-mass spring damper mechanical system shows their effectiveness.     

基于时频域深度网络的海面小目标特征检测

为了提升海杂波背景下小目标探测性能,本文提出一种基于时频域深度网络的特征检测方法。首先,将观测向量转换为归一化时频图（Normalized Time-Frequency Graph, NTFG）,实现海杂波抑制。在时频域,建立海杂波、含正多普勒偏移目标回波、含负多普勒偏移目标回波的三分类问题,精细化目标落在主杂波带内外的不同特性。其次,引入Inception-ResNet V2深度网络作为特征提取器,自主学习不同类别在NTFG上的深层差异性,并将差异性浓缩为一个2D特征向量。然后,在2D特征空间中,设计具有引导的三次样条曲线,获得虚警可控的判决区域,实现异常检测。最后,IPIX实测数据验证了所提算法的性能优势,能深入挖掘时频域的特性。     

Unsupervised learning of multi-task deep variational model

We propose a general deep variational model (reduced version, full version as well as the extension) via a comprehensive fusion approach in this paper. It is able to realize various image tasks in a completely unsupervised way without learning from samples. Technically, it can properly incorporate the CNN based deep image prior (DIP) architecture into the classic variational image processing models. The minimization problem solving strategy is transformed from iteratively minimizing the sub-problem for each variable to automatically minimizing the loss function by learning the generator network parameters. The proposed deep variational (DV) model contributes to the high order image edition and applications such as image restoration, inpainting, decomposition and texture segmentation. Experiments conducted have demonstrated significant advantages of the proposed deep variational model in comparison with several powerful techniques including variational methods and deep learning approaches.     

从数字制造到智能制造的关键技术途径研究

在深入研究智能制造的内涵及关键技术的基础上,提出了我国从数字制造到智能制造的三大发展模式,以及实现从数字制造到智能制造发展的具体技术途径。针对典型行业的生产特点,提出了从数字制造到智能制造发展的技术路线图,为推动我国制造业从数字制造到智能制造的发展提供技术途径的指引。     

Financial assessment of health and safety programmes in the workplace

In evaluating health and safety improvements for performance improvement, it is necessary to account for both the contributions of a healthy workforce and the resources required supporting it.

The Economic Assessment of the Work Environment (EAWE) is a financial framework that helps management forecast the financial benefits of health and safety implementations. The five-step process comprises (1) a health assessment to identify critical elements in the work environment, (2) an action plan to address gaps, (3) performance targets based on internal goals and external benchmarks, (4) transformation of the expected improvements in health and safety into expected performance outcomes, and (5) implementation in stages, starting from individual jobs to entire organisation.

EAWE offers a dynamic framework for corporate decision-makers when evaluating health and safety programmes. Further research should explore the bounds of EAWE across different types of organisations and the evolution of performance over time.     

Change Point Estimation in the Mean of Multivariate Linear Profiles with No Change Type Assumption via Dynamic Linear Model

Change point estimation is a useful concept that helps quality engineers to effectively search for assignable causes and improve quality of the process or product. In this paper, the maximum likelihood approach is developed to estimate change point in the mean of multivariate linear profiles in Phase II. After the change point, parameters are estimated through filtering and smoothing approaches in dynamic linear model. The proposed change point estimator can be applied without any prior knowledge about the change type against existing estimators which assume change type is known in advance. Besides, sporadic change point can be identified as well. Simulation results show the effectiveness of the proposed estimators to estimate step, drift and monotonic, as well as sporadic changes in small to large shifts. In addition, effect of different values of the Multivariate Exponentially Weighted Moving Average (MEWMA) control chart smoothing coefficient on the performance of the proposed estimator is investigated presenting that the smoothing estimator has more uniform performance. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

“气韵”在产品设计中的应用

目的用气韵的审美视角研究北京奥运奖牌的设计理念,并简述里约奥运奖牌的设计突破、简析气韵的涵义与美学解释。方法从气韵的审美方式出发,探究北京奥运奖牌形式的呈现、材质的应用、寓意的表达。联系中国传统审美和当今国际审美特点,用专业的设计方法进行剖析。结论将民族传统材料与现代可持续环保材料进行结合能创造出具有传统文化底蕴和更具人文关怀的设计,能在国际市场上表现得更加出色。     

Design of near-α Ti alloys via a cluster formula approach and their high-temperature oxidation resistance

The multi-component composition characteristics of high-temperature near-α Ti alloys were investigated in the present work by means of a cluster formula approach. The uniform cluster formula [CN12 cluster](glue atom)₃ for the hexagonal close-packed α solid solution was first obtained based on the Friedel oscillation theory, with a total atom number in the formula of Z = 16. Then it was analyzed that the Z values in the cluster composition formulas of typical near-α Ti alloys are within the range of Z = 16.00 ˜ 16.30, being perfectly consistent with the ideal Z = 16. Based on it, a series of new alloys with Z = 16 and with Nb/Ta substitution for Mo in Ti1100 alloy were designed, suction-cast into φ 6 mm rods, and then heat-treated with solid solution and aging. It was found that the alloy with co-addition of Mo, Ta and Nb has a high strength and good ductility at both room and high temperatures. More importantly, the additions of Nb and Ta can contribute to the formation of continuous and compact Al₂O₃ scales, resulting in an obvious improvement of oxidation resistances at both 923 K and 1073 K. The effects of Mo, Ta and Nb on the oxidation behaviors of the designed alloys at 1073 K were further discussed.