Moisture Distribution and Dewatering Efficiency for Wet Materials

This review paper summarizes current research efforts toward a comprehensive view of wet material dewatering, considering the binding energy as the strength to hold water, and rupture energy given to remove moisture from materials.     

路径长度受限的随机需求VRP的模型和算法

路径长度受限的随机需求VRP在生产、生活中有着广泛的应用。给出了路径长度受限的随机需求VRP问题的线性整数规划模型,在不允许部分服务和仅能服务失败一次的策略下设计了一个启发式算法。该算法以离散优化中广泛应用的扫描算法为基础生成服务的一个初始可行方案,然后利用模拟退火算法改进得到近似最优解。对需求为二项分布的50个结点、1个服务中心的问题进行了数值试验,数值结果表明该算法对求解路径长度受限的随机需求VRP是有效的。     

A_1-A_2-O-M工艺处理焦化废水的实验研究

采用厌氧-缺氧-好氧-复合(A1-A2-O-M)工艺处理焦化废水,考察了外加碳源和碱源对焦化废水COD和NH4+-N脱除效果的影响。试验结果表明:外加甲醇和碳酸氢钠对焦化废水的硝化和反硝化效果影响很小;不外加碳源和碱源时,焦化废水经处理后出水的COD和NH4+-N平均质量浓度分别为125.0mg/L和1.12mg/L,分别达到《污水综合排放标准》(GB8978-1996)中的二级标准和一级标准。     

应用膜生物反应器处理焦化污水

膜生物反应器(MBR)是膜分离与生物反应器相结合的新型水处理技术。焦化污水是一种高浓度、难降解的工业污水，应用传统的生化方法处理焦化污水存在费用大、效率低的缺点。作者采用一体浸没式膜生物反应器处理焦化污水，调整合适的操作参数，污水中主要污染物COD、NH2-N的去除率分别达到80％、98％以上，操作简单，出水水质稳定，且远好于国家一级排放标准，取得了良好的效果，有一定的推广意义。     

2000年化肥工业发展的几个问题

本文分析预测了我国２０００年的化肥需求量和世界化肥市场价格及其对我国化肥发展的影响。     

许昌市水资源多模式联合调度与合理配置

水资源短缺是制约城市经济社会发展的重要因素,合理配置和有效利用有限的水资源是解决水资源供需矛盾的有效途径。以许昌市国家水生态文明试点城市建设为例,在分析水资源开发利用现状的基础上,运用定额法对需水量进行预测。以多年平均水资源量为基础,2011年作为研究基准年,根据水资源取用方式、工程方案及各种水量需求等,利用MIKE BASIN建立水资源配置模型,对许昌市水资源供需平衡进行模拟,通过三次供需平衡分析,得到不同规划水平年水资源供需配置方案,最终达到水资源供需平衡,使有限的水资源发挥最大效益。研究结果表明,本地水资源结合南水北调、引黄调蓄、中水回用等多模式联合调度,可以满足许昌市中长期经济社会可持续发展用水需求,对未来许昌市水资源可持续利用具有重要的指导意义。     

A novel algorithm for layout optimization of injection process with random demands and sequence dependent setup times

Injection molding is an ideal manufacturing process for producing high volumes of products from both thermoplastic and thermo setting materials. Nevertheless, in some cases, this type of manufacturing process decelerates the production rate as a bottleneck. Thus, layout optimization plays a crucial role in this type of problem in terms of increasing the efficiency of the production line. In this regard, a novel computer simulation–stochastic data envelopment analysis (CS-SDEA) algorithm is proposed in this paper to deal with a single row job-shop layout problem in an injection molding process. First, the system is modeled with discrete-event-simulation as a powerful tool for analyzing complex stochastic systems. Then, due to lack of information about some operational parameters, theory of uncertainty is imported to the simulation model. Finally, an output-oriented stochastic DEA model is used for ranking the outputs of simulation model. The proposed CS-SDEA algorithm is capable of modeling and optimizing non-linear, stochastic, and uncertain injection process problems. The solution quality is illustrated by an actual case study in a refrigerator manufacturing company.     

均匀设计试验方法及其在Ni-P-MoS2化学镀上的应用

均匀设计是基于试验点在整个试验范围内均匀散布的一种试验设计方法。介绍了该法的特点及其软件的基本功能与基本操作过程。从均匀设计试验方案的建立、试验结果的回归分析及优化、镀液最佳配方的试验验证3个方面介绍了均匀设计法在Ni-P-MoS2化学复合镀中的应用，并得到了最佳的Ni-P-MoS2化学复合镀液配方。该法应用于化学镀的工艺试验，简便可行。     

银杏内酯A和B的分离纯化研究

In this paper a simple preparative method for isolation and purification of ginkgolides A and B was developed,As starting material,a commercially available standardized ginkgo extract (EGb761,containing 24% flavonoid and 6% terpene trilactones) was used,After a pretreatment step,optimized by the uniform design method ,the concentrated intermediate extract with high content of GA and gb( 90%) was separated into the individual terpenes by preparative liquid chromatography eluted with petroleum ether-ethylacetate,Analysis of products was carried out by means of HPLC-ELSD(evaporative light -scattering detector),The results show that ginkgolides A and B are obtained in higher yield and better purity.     

Proposal of a uniform color scale for virgin olive oils

A new color scale was developed from a broad data set of 1700 virgin olive oil samples over four crop seasons, which can be considered highly representative of the whole color range of virgin olive oils available in Spain. This color scale provides a new set of 60 color standards, improving the results achieved by the old 60-color standards proposed by the bromthymol blue method. Seeking the greatest possibility of including a near match between colors of virgin olive oils and proposed standards, we developed our new color scale using a recent uniform color space, with standards placed in a regular rhombohedral lattice like the one employed by the Uniform Color Scales of the Optical Society of America. The average color difference between each of the 1700 virgin olive oils and its nearest standard is reduced from 8.17 CIELAB units, using the bromthymol blue standards, to 3.99 CIELAB units using the new standards. Within a color tolerance of 7.0 CIELAB units, 93.2% of our virgin olive oils can be classified with the new standards, but only 59.1% with the bromthymol blue ones. In the interest of future adoption, the performance of the new color standards should be tested by industry and researchers.