絮凝剂和溶剂对煤焦油净化效果的影响

研究煤焦油净化处理过程中絮凝剂和溶剂对净化效果的影响，确定一种无机絮凝剂为煤焦油净化处理最佳絮凝剂，其最佳用量为8％（絮凝剂／煤焦油），芳香族溶剂洗油的最佳用量为混合液的35wt％～45wt％，脂肪族溶剂煤油的最佳用量为混合液的20wt％～25wt％，净化澄清液QI含量在0．5％左右。     

Role of La2O3 in Pd-Supported Catalysts for Methanol Decomposition

Systems of Pd supported on various La₂O₃-modified -Al₂O₃ and CeO₂–Al₂O₃ catalysts were tested for catalytic methanol decomposition and characterized by means of XRD, BET, TPR, H₂-chemisorption and CO–FTIR. The addition of lanthanum significantly improved the selectivity of CO and H₂ for all the catalysts but showed a different influence on the catalytic activity in two systems. Methanol conversion decreased on La₂O₃-modified Pd/-Al₂O₃ catalysts, in line with the reduction of Pd dispersion, while the addition of La₂O₃ improved the dispersion of Pd and reinforced Pd–CeO₂ interaction for La₂O₃-modified Pd/CeO₂–Al₂O₃ catalysts, which resulted in a high production rate of CO and H₂. Thus, a synergistic effect between CeO₂ and La₂O₃ was observed on -Al₂O₃-supported Pd catalyst for methanol decomposition.     

Deformation Dynamics of a Reactive Medium During Gasless Combustion

Deformation during gasless combustion of 5Ti + 3Si and Ti + C samples was studied experimentally. The dynamics of motion of the material in a gasless combustion wave was studied using highspeed video recording (500 frames/sec) with a spatial resolution of the order of 10 m. It was shown that behind the combustion front, the medium was first expanded and then compressed. The dimensions of the expansion and compression zones were determined.     

数据驱动的冷却水塔建模与节能优化操作

针对冷却水塔的节能操作给出了一种数据驱动的建模与优化方法。首先,基于冷却水塔实际运行数据,应用非负绞杀变量选择方法给出一个自适应模型用于描述冷却水塔过程,该模型对于冷却水塔出口水温具有良好的预测精度。根据变量选择结果,分析了外界空气温度与湿度对冷却能力的影响。然后,提出了基于模型的冷却水塔风机的优化操作策略,并进行实验将之应用于冷却水塔的操作。研究结果显示,基于模型的优化操作具有较大的节能空间。     

2,2′-oxo-1,1′-azobenzene: microbial transformation of rye (Secale cereale L.) allelochemical in field soils byAcinetobacter calcoaceticus: III

Acinetobacter calcoaceticus, a gram-negative bacterium isolated from field soil, was found to be responsible for the biotransformation of 2(3H)-benzoxazolinone (BOA) to 2,2-oxo-1,1-azobenzene (AZOB). Experiments were conducted to evaluate the transformation of BOA to AZOB by this microbe in sterile and nonsterile soil. Transformation studies with soils inoculated withA. calcoaceticus indicated that the production of AZOB increased linearly with the concentration of BOA in sterile soil and showed a quadratic trend in nonsterile soils. This also indicated that all soil types studied for the transformation experiments might containA. calcoaceticus capable of the conversion of benzoxazolinones.     

氟树脂涂料中氟含量测定方法的探讨

讨论了以氧气瓶燃烧法分解氟树脂,把氟树脂中的氟转化为氟离子,然后以硝酸镧标准溶液进行滴定,从而测定出氟树脂中的氟含量,再根据定量关系计算出氟树脂涂料中的氟含量的方法。该方法简单易行,准确可靠,省时省力。     

Effect of test frequency and water content on localized crack-tip heating in nylon-6,6

Fatigue crack propagation (FCP) tests were conducted at various frequencies on nylon-6,6 specimens equilibrated over a range of moisture levels to determine the crack growth rates and the crack-tip temperatures as a function of water content. Frequency-sensitivity was correlated with the amount of crack-tip heating taking place, with crack-tip temperature being found to depend strongly on the estimated loss compliance, D″, of the material. The frequency-sensitivity of FCP in nylon was seen also to be affected by mean stress, suggesting that creep processes are often significant in FCP of nylon.     

Structural significance of the alkyl substituent at the C-4 of (+)-trans-verbenyl acetate in sex pheromonal activity of the American cockroach

The significance of the alkyl group at the C-4 of (+)-trans-verbenyl acetate, which is the sex pheromone mimic of the American cockroach, was investigated. Seven alcohols possessing an ethyl, propyl, or dimethyl group at this position of the 6,6-dimethylbicyclo[3.1.1]heptane skeleton were synthesized and evaluated by behavioral assay. All of the alcohols were inactive, while three of four acetates of the 2-alcohols induced sexual behavior in male cockroaches at the 0.02 or 0.5 mg dosage level, either of which is many orders of magnitude higher than the threshold level of the natural sex pheromones (10^–8 mg). Among the acetates, the compounds with a methyl group or an -oriented ethyl group at C-4 showed the highest activity. The results are discussed in terms of spatial requirements of the molecules for interactions with the receptor.Studies on the sex pheromone mimic of the American cockroach, (+)-trans-verbenyl acetate. Part VIII. For Part VII, seeComp. Biochem. Physiol.,70A: 229–234 (1981).     

仪表联锁一体化控制单元(ITCC)在压缩机防喘振控制上的应用

介绍了基于PLC的压缩机一体化控制系统,PLC和现场总线系统(DCS)、安全仪表系统(SIS)、马达一体化控制系统(MCC)等信号之间的相互关系。主要论述了压缩机的防喘振控制理论,防喘振控制器的功能及防喘振控制在赛科乙烯装置裂解气压缩机的应用。     

Acidolysis of babassu fat catalyzed by immobilized lipase

The lipase-catalyzed interesterification of oils and fats gives products that are unobtainable by chemical interesterification methods. Acidolysis of babassu fat and palmitic acid, catalyzed by immobilized lipase (Lipozyme; Novo Industri, Bagsveard, Denmark), was studied. The reactions were performed at 65°C with 5% w/w enzyme for 4 h. The molar proportions of babassu fat/palmitic acid were 1∶0.1, 1∶0.3 and 1∶0.5. At the end of the reaction period, the catalyst particles were removed by filtration, and the residual oil was extracted with organic solvent (diethyl ether). The recovered particles were then reused. The palmitic acid content of babassu fat before and after acidolysis changed from 10 to 22% at a molar proportion of 1∶0.5. The equilibrium was attained in about 4 h. The original water and enzymatic activities of Lipozyme were maintained after acidolysis. Water sorption isotherms of the immobilized enzyme were determined at 25, 35 and 45°C. From the temperature dependence of the isotherms, isosteric heats of sorption were evaluated by means of the Clausius Clapeyron equation. Monolayer moisture content was calculated by means of the B.E.T. and Guggenhein-Anderson-De Boer analyses. Paper presented at the International Meeting on Fats and Oils Technology, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Brazil, 1991.