摄像稳定平台中摩擦补偿变结构控制研究

为获取清晰稳定的视频图像,必须利用稳定平台给船载摄像机提供一个良好的空间稳定环境。该平台为一个三轴机械设备,当船体处于不同的运动姿态时,轴系间摩擦力矩会改变,因此提出一种考虑摩擦补偿的变结构控制方法。仿真和研究结果表明,与经典PID控制方法相比,变结构控制器能有效消除因摩擦引起的"爬行"和"平顶"现象。使用指数趋近律的变结构控制算法使系统快速跟踪指令信号,动态效果良好。     

Variable precision intuitionistic fuzzy rough set model and applications based on conflict distance

Due to the complexity and uncertainty of the physical world, as well as the limitation of human ability to comprehend, it is very difficult for any single method of uncertainty to effectively deal with the decision‐making problem that exists in real life. So, it is natural for us to think about incorporating the advantages of various theories of uncertainty to develop a more powerful hybrid method of soft decision‐making. In view of this recognition, the thought and method of intuitionistic fuzzy sets and variable precision rough sets are used to construct a novel intuitionistic fuzzy rough set model. With respect to the fact that the information system is intuitionistic fuzzy, the idea of measuring intuitionistic fuzzy similarity is used to define conflict distance. After that, this concept is combined with the variable precision rough sets so that a variable precision intuitionistic fuzzy rough set model is established, and its properties are investigated. After proposing an attribute reduction algorithm based on variable precision intuitionistic fuzzy rough sets, a case study is used to verify the feasibility and effectiveness of our novel model. The results show that our model indeed improves the classification ability of earlier models and possesses some ability to tolerate faults through adjusting the parameter λ and the confidence threshold β; it realizes the correct classification and extracts the decision rules.     

正则化稀疏模型

正则化稀疏模型在机器学习和图像处理等领域发挥着越来越重要的作用,它具有变量选择功能,可以解决建模中的过拟合等问题．Tibshirani 提出的 Lasso 使得正则化稀疏模型真正开始流行．文中总结了各种正则化稀疏模型,指出了各个稀疏模型被提出的原因、所具有的优点、适宜解决的问题及其模型的具体形式．最后,文中还指出了正则化稀疏模型未来的研究方向．     

Robust semi-supervised mixture probabilistic principal component regression model development and application to soft sensors

Traditional data-based soft sensors are constructed with equal numbers of input and output data samples, meanwhile, these collected process data are assumed to be clean enough and no outliers are mixed. However, such assumptions are too strict in practice. On one hand, those easily collected input variables are sometimes corrupted with outliers. On the other hand, output variables, which also called quality variables, are usually difficult to obtain. These two problems make traditional soft sensors cumbersome. To deal with both issues, in this paper, the Student's t distributions are used during mixture probabilistic principal component regression modeling to tolerate outliers with regulated heavy tails. Furthermore, a semi-supervised mechanism is incorporated into traditional probabilistic regression so as to deal with the unbalanced modeling issue. For simulation, two case studies are provided to demonstrate robustness and reliability of the new method.     

误差分级变论域模糊控制在电机软启动的应用

针对一般模糊控制在异步电动机软启动应用时出现的启动不平稳和调整时间长的问题,分析了误差分级变论域模糊控制理论,设计了误差分级模块和S函数选择模块,搭建了基于误差分级变论域模糊控制电机软启动的整体仿真系统,实现了在电流误差不同的时刻选择不同论域的模糊规则来调整电机输入电压的目的.仿真对比实验表明:误差分级变论域模糊控制在电动机软启动过程中的控制效果优于一般模糊控制,能够使启动平稳并缩短调整时间.     

基于次锚节点的无线传感器网络改进加权质心定位算法

针对加权质心定位算法（ WCLA）对锚节点数量要求较高和定位精度较低的缺陷,提出一种基于次锚节点的改进加权质心定位算法（ IWCLA-SAN）。该算法在加权因子中引入修正系数,以提高定位精度;同时,将基于粒子群优化（ PSO）的定位算法的未知节点升级为次锚节点,在锚节点数量有限的情况下,以提高定位精度和定位覆盖率。仿真结果表明：该算法能有效提高定位精度和定位覆盖率。     

基于变步长阵发混沌的ZPW-2000低频信号检测方法研究

针对常规混沌阵列检测轨道移频信号所带低频信息存在复杂度高和精确性低的问题,对常规方法进行改进,提出了一种基于变步长阵发混沌的低频信号检测方法,该方法只运用一个Duffing振子,通过设置一组步长可以覆盖整个待检测低频信号所在频段的序列,来实现对轨道低频信号的检测。结合Duffing混沌系统检测信号的优越性,分析了利用变步长阵发混沌法检测低频信号的可行性,给出了此方法检测低频信号的步骤,并从理论上计算了可发生阵发混沌的步长序列,然后利用Matlab/Simulink搭建仿真模型进行仿真验证。结果表明,可用变步长阵法混沌法对低频信号进行检测。最后再利用阵发混沌周期法对仿真结果进行进一步研究,得出精确的低频信号。变步长阵发混沌法的检测性能在精确性及系统复杂度方面都优于传统的轨道低频信号检测方法,并且可以实现低信噪比下低频信号的检测。     

High‐precision formation control of nonlinear multi‐agent systems with switching topologies: A learning approach

Arbitrary high precision is considered one of the most desirable control objectives in the relative formation for many networked industrial applications, such as flying spacecrafts and mobile robots. The main purpose of this paper is to present design guidelines of applying the iterative schemes to develop distributed formation algorithms in order to achieve this control objective. If certain conditions are met, then the control input signals can be learned by the developed algorithms to accomplish the desired formations with arbitrary high precision. The systems under consideration are a class of multi‐agent systems under directed networks with switching topologies. The agents have discrete‐time affine nonlinear dynamics, but their state functions do not need to be identical. It is shown that the learning processes resulting from the relative output formation of multi‐agent systems can converge exponentially fast with the increase of the iteration number. In particular, this work induces a distributed algorithm that can simultaneously achieve the desired relative output formation between agents and regulate the movement of multi‐agent formations as desired along the time axis. The illustrative numerical simulations are finally performed to demonstrate the effectiveness and performance of the proposed distributed formation algorithms. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

基于河道径流可变区间的河流水资源可开发利用率分析

为了确定水电开发活动对河流水资源的可开发利用率,建立分期展布的河道径流可变区间核算方法,其中河道径流包括河道最小生态需水和河道最大洪流,并以西藏拉萨河为例进行核算。结果表明:拉萨河河道最小生态需水和最大洪流年内动态变化分别为29.5~328.3 m3/s和95.1~1 673.4 m3/s。与河道最小生态需水约束相比,河道径流可变区间约束使得拉萨河年调节型水电开发的水资源可开发利用率从60.2%下降到18.7%。指出对于径流丰枯特征十分明显的季节性河流,大型水利工程在平衡径流季节分布的过程中,应该受河道径流可变区间约束,尤其是枯水期最大洪流约束下河道径流量的可增加空间。     

粒子群算法在武汉市图书馆变风量空调控制系统中的应用研究

以武汉市图书馆公共建筑节能项目为背景,考虑到现有的方法有如下缺点:系统惯性大、时间滞后及单一采用PID控制时,控制效果不好,我们找寻到了一种高效的方法来解决这些缺点,实现优化温度参量来控制。根据变风量空调系统的结构,对变风量系统室内温度控制环节采用粒子群算法,经过Matlab软件进行仿真,使室内温度控制环节的上升时间、超调量及调整时间得以优化。