A study of usability principles and interface design for mobile e-books

This study examined usability principles and interface designs in order to understand the relationship between the intentions of mobile e-book interface designs and users' perceptions. First, this study summarised 4 usability principles and 16 interface attributes, in order to conduct usability testing and questionnaire survey by referring to Nielsen (1993), Norman (2002), and Yeh (2010), who proposed the usability principles. Second, this study used the interviews to explore the perceptions and behaviours of user operations through senior users of multi-touch prototype devices. The results of this study are as follows: (1) users' behaviour of operating an interactive interface is related to user prior experience; (2) users' rating of the visibility principle is related to users' subjective perception but not related to user prior experience; however, users' ratings of the ease, efficiency, and enjoyment principles are related to user prior experience; (3) the interview survey reveals that the key attributes affecting users' behaviour of operating an interface include aesthetics, achievement, and friendliness.     

Effect of display location on control-display stereotype strength for translational and rotational controls with linear displays

Experiments were designed to investigate the effects of control type and display location, relative to the operator, on the strength of control/display stereotypes. The Worringham and Beringer Visual Field principle and an extension of this principle for rotary controls (Hoffmann E.R., and Chan A.H.S. 2013). “The Worringham and Beringer ‘Visual Field’ Principle for Rotary Controls. Ergonomics.” 56 (10): 1620–1624) indicated that, for a number of different control types (rotary and lever) on different planes, there should be no significant effect of the display location relative to the seated operator. Past data were surveyed and stereotype strengths listed. Experiments filled gaps where data are not available. Six different control types and seven display locations were used, as in the Frame of Reference Transformation Tool (FORT) model of Wickens et al. (Wickens, C.D., Keller, J.W., and Small, R.L. (2010). “Left. No, Right! Development of the Frame of Reference Transformation Tool (FORT).” Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society 54th Annual Meeting September 2010, 54: 1022–1026). Control/display arrangements with high stereotype strengths were evaluated yielding data for designers of complex control/display arrangements where the control and display are in different planes and for where the operator is moving. It was found possible to predict display/control arrangements with high stereotype strength, based on past data.

Practitioner Summary: Controls and displays in complex arrangements need to have high compatibility. These experiments provide arrangements for six different controls (rotary and translational) and seven different display locations relative to the operator.     

Pseudospectral methods based on nonclassical orthogonal polynomials for solving nonlinear variational problems

Two direct pseudospectral methods based on nonclassical orthogonal polynomials are proposed for solving finite-horizon and infinite-horizon variational problems. In the proposed finite-horizon and infinite-horizon methods, the rate variables are approximated by the Nth degree weighted interpolant, using nonclassical Gauss-Lobatto and Gauss points, respectively. Exponential Freud type weights are introduced for both of nonclassical orthogonal polynomials and weighted interpolation. It is shown that the absolute error in weighted interpolation is dependent on the selected weight, and the weight function can be tuned to improve the quality of the approximation. In the finite-horizon scheme, the functional is approximated based on Gauss-Lobatto quadrature rule, thereby reducing the problem to a nonlinear programming one. For infinite-horizon problems, an strictly monotonic transformation is used to map the infinite domain onto a finite interval. We transcribe the transformed problem to a nonlinear programming using Gauss quadrature rule. Numerical examples demonstrate the accuracy of the proposed methods.     

A new homotopy perturbation method for system of nonlinear integro-differential equations

In this paper, a new homotopy perturbation method (NHPM) is introduced to obtain exact solutions of system of nonlinear integro-differential equations. Theoretical considerations are discussed. Two examples are given to demonstrate the efficiency of NHPM to the classical HPM and variational iteration methods.     

A numerical method for annuity-purchasing decision making to minimize the probability of financial ruin for regime-switching wealth models

This work develops an approximation procedure to find optimal annuity-purchasing strategies for minimizing the probability of lifetime ruin. The wealth is modelled as a regime-switching diffusion modulated by a continuous-time Markov chain. Based on Markov chain approximation techniques, a discrete-time controlled Markov chain with two components is constructed. Under simple conditions, the convergence of the approximation sequence to the wealth process is obtained. The convergence of the approximation to the value function is also established. Several examples are provided to demonstrate the performance of the algorithms.     

山羊绒纤维粘连肤皮的研究

探讨不同羊种山羊绒纤维粘连肤皮量与肤皮点面积分布区间．借助电子扫描仪、电子标尺对粘连肤皮的试样绒纤维进行测试分析,得知母羊绒纤维粘连肤皮量比公羊大,粘连肤皮点面积分布区间也相对公羊大．建议加工不同羊种山羊绒纤维,应采取不同的加工工艺．     

基于体验式教育模式的教学改革路径探析——以《马克思主义基本原理概论》课为例

《马克思主义基本原理概论》课程教学一直以来受传统的"填鸭式、灌输式"等教学模式的影响和束缚使该门课程教学面临诸多困境。在这门课程教育教学过程中大力推进体验式教育模式的教育教学改革对于转变教学方式,变被动教育为主动教育将起到十分重要的作用。为此,本文将主要以引导学生创造、表演情景剧、鼓励学生参加社会调研和社会实践、积极采用苏格拉底"问答法"和利用现代传媒教学手段等为基本路径推进体验式教育模式,以提高《马克思主义基本原理概论》课程教学的实效性。     

应用Daubechies小波理论求解应力大梯度梁

介绍了采用常规有限元法求解应力大梯度问题的缺点,指出小波理论具有多尺度、多分辨及紧支性等特性,应用小波理论计算应力大梯度问题将明显优于传统有限元法.以求解受集中荷载的平面弯曲梁为例,阐述了采用Daubechies小波理论进行计算时矩阵方程的建立及采用系数转换法施加本质边界条件的过程.分析系数转换法带来的不足,并结合广义变分原理对目前常用的Daubechies小波方法进行改进.通过实际算例中Daubechies小波方法的计算结果与理论解的对比验证应力大梯度问题计算中小波方法的有效性.     

集成电路工艺原理课程的教学与实践

为适应新形势下半导体技术人才的培养,探索集成电路工艺原理课程教学内容、教学方法和教学模式改革具有重要的意义。在教学过程中,采用多媒体、器件仿真和工艺实习等多种教学模式的融合,相比传统的教学方式,学生的学习兴趣、知识面范围和教学效果均得到有效地提高。     

外语教学中文化教学的原则

文化教学在外语教学中的重要性勿庸置疑。外语教学中文化导入在我国的提出和实践已有多年,然而文化教学的状况依然不尽理想。外语教学中漠视文化的差异的存在或对目的语文化盲目崇拜屡见不鲜,这与教学原则的缺失不无关系。提出了外语教学中文化教学的四个原则:认知原则、比较原则、同化原则和宽容原则。