Scalable Realistic Rendering with Many‐Light Methods

Recent years have seen increasing attention and significant progress in many‐light rendering, a class of methods for efficient computation of global illumination. The many‐light formulation offers a unified mathematical framework for the problem reducing the full lighting transport simulation to the calculation of the direct illumination from many virtual light sources. These methods are unrivaled in their scalability: they are able to produce plausible images in a fraction of a second but also converge to the full solution over time. In this state‐of‐the‐art report, we give an easy‐to‐follow, introductory tutorial of the many‐light theory; provide a comprehensive, unified survey of the topic with a comparison of the main algorithms; discuss limitations regarding materials and light transport phenomena and present a vision to motivate and guide future research. We will cover both the fundamental concepts as well as improvements, extensions and applications of many‐light rendering.     

Closed‐Loop Identification for Control of Linear Parameter Varying Systems

This paper deals with system identification for control of linear parameter varying systems. In practical applications, it is often important to be able to identify small plant changes in an incremental manner without shutting down the system and/or disconnecting the controller; unfortunately, closed‐loop system identification is more difficult than open‐loop identification. In this paper we prove that the so‐called Hansen scheme, a technique known from linear time‐invariant systems theory for transforming closed‐loop system identification problems into open‐loop‐like problems, can be extended to accommodate linear parameter varying systems as well. We investigate the identified subsystem's parameter dependency and observe that, under mild assumptions, the identified subsystem is affine in the parameter vector. Various identification methods are compared in direct and Hansen Scheme setups in simulation studies, and the application of the Hansen Scheme is seen to improve the identification performance.     

公式分层的谓词模态逻辑

由于必然模态词□的引入,谓词模态逻辑的公式在一个可能世界中的真假值可能依赖于其可达的可能世界.在谓词模态逻辑中存在个体跨可能世界相等问题.针对这一问题,Lewis提出了对应物理论,并且在对应物理论中用对应物关系来表示个体跨可能世界相等.但是,当一个对象具有一个以上的对应物时,谓词模态逻辑中的跨可能世界相等关系无法与对应物关系建立一一对应.通过限制谓词模态逻辑中全称量词∀的范围,给出了一种公式分层的谓词模态逻辑.它是谓词模态逻辑的一个子逻辑,并且其语言与谓词模态逻辑的语言是相同的.但其公式是分层定义的,使得∀可以出现在□的范围内,并且□不能出现在∀的范围内.由于任意形如∀x□φ（x）的表达式都不是该逻辑的公式,以量词开头的公式在一个可能世界w中的真假值只依赖于w,该逻辑避免了个体跨可能世界相等问题.给出了该逻辑的语言、语法和语义,并证明了该逻辑是可靠的和完备的.     

温室光照度控制系统

阐述了一个基于单片机的温室光照度控制系统,利用数字式光照度传感器（BH1750FVI）检测温室内外的光照度,根据不同作物生长所需的适宜光照范围,选择挡上遮光膜或开启一定数量的补光灯。此系统有自动控制和手动控制两种工作模式。在自动控制模式下,根据选定的作物的种类自动使温室光照度保持在作物所需的范围,在手动控制模式下,遮光膜的打开和遮盖以及补光系统的开启都需要人为来完成。试验表明：该系统可以弥补人工控制误差大、效率低等缺陷,具有操作简单、使用方便的优点,具有较强的实用性。     

On the stability issues of switched singular time‐delay systems with slow switching based on average dwell‐time

The issue of exponential stability analysis of continuous‐time switched singular systems consisting of a family of stable and unstable subsystems with time‐varying delay is investigated in this paper. It is very difficult to analyze the stability of such systems because of the existence of time‐delay and unstable subsystems. In this regard, on the basis of the free‐weighting matrix approach, by constructing the new Lyapunov‐like Krasovskii functional, and using the average dwell‐time approach, delay‐dependent sufficient conditions are derived and formulated in terms of LMIs to check the exponential stability of such systems. This paper also highlights the relationship between the average dwell‐time of the switched singular time‐delay system, its stability, exponential convergence rate of differential states, and algebraic states. Finally, a numerical example is given to confirm the analytical results and illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed strategy. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

A new result on the delay‐dependent stability of discrete systems with time‐varying delays

This paper proposes an improvement to the delay‐dependent stability of discrete systems with time‐varying delays. The approach is based on the observation that the positive definiteness of a chosen Lyapunov–Krasovskii functional does not necessarily require all the involved symmetric matrices to be positive definite, which has been overlooked in the literature. The derived delay‐dependent stability conditions are in terms of linear matrix inequalities. It is theoretically proved that our results are less conservative than the corresponding ones obtained by requiring the positive definiteness of all the symmetric matrices in a chosen Lyapunov–Krasovskii functional. The importance of the present approach is that a great number of delay‐dependent analysis and synthesis results obtained by the aforementioned requirement in the literature can be improved by the present approach without introducing any new decision variables. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

旋转轴对称LED均匀照明系统设计方法

基于边缘光学理论,提出了一种应用于LED照明的光学系统设计方法,分别实现基于透镜和反射器的LED均匀照明光学系统,可在一特定距离的目标面上形成均匀圆形光斑。采用基于蒙特卡罗法的光线追迹软件对两种光学系统进行模拟仿真,结果显示,目标面上光斑的均匀度优于85%,系统效率高于90%。     

时滞中立型神经网络全局渐近稳定性

针对具有时变时滞的中立型Hopfield神经网络,在对时变时滞的合理假设下,文中通过构造适当的Lyapunov泛函,提出了一种新的方法判定时变时滞中立型Hopfield神经网络系统的全局一致渐近稳定性。所得判据是建立在一个代数Riccati方程及其对应离散Lyapunov方程存在对称正定解之上的,并得出了易于计算机仿真实现的线性矩阵不等式的判据形式,仿真验证了结果的有效性。     

SAMPAVE沥青混合料级配设计研究

SAMPAVE(Stress Absorbing Mixtures Pavement)沥青混合料是一种新型的延缓和防止反射裂缝的应力吸收层材料,具有抗裂、防渗、粘结等特性.根据变i法对SAMPAVE混合料进行矿料组成设计,并与AC-5、美国规范、科氏公司推荐的级配范围进行比较.结果表明,对于变i法设计的SAMPAVE混合料,级配上限、级配下限确定的沥青用量在设计工程级配沥青用量的±0.3%范围内,满足生产控制的要求,且SAMPAVE混合料具有优良的耐高温、耐低温、抗变形、耐疲劳、抗水损害等路用性能.     

磁致液面变形及其光学测量

为获取磁场中气液界面的特性参数,提出基于镜面反射成像与结构照明相结合的方法对磁致液面变形进行测量.根据图像映射和条纹灰度矩阵提取条纹图的相位差进行液面变形量的计算,并重建三维变形液面.得到了结论:液体表面附近处的梯度磁场将引起表面张力的不均匀而使其发生变形,变形量及方向与磁场强度和梯度的空间分布有直接关系,为浮力-热毛细对流的相关研究提供一种新的途径.