Description et analyse des attitudes et attributions paternelles favorables á la punition corporelle.

To date, few studies have shown a specific interest in parental discipline from the fathers' point of view. The goal of this study is to fill this gap by documenting the factors that are likely to predict attitudes favoring corporal punishment in a representative sampling of Quebec fathers. In total, 953 fathers participated in a telephone survey. Noted among the variables in the analysis model were: father's sensitivity to the consequences of violence for the child, prevalence of physical punishment toward the child, perception of the level of poverty, reports of violent discipline of a physical or psychological nature experienced during the fathers' childhood, number of people in the household and father's stress associated with the child's temperament. However, an apparent contradiction in paternal attitudes was seen: the majority of fathers were opposed to resorting to corporal punishment while remaining tolerant with respect to its use. The discussion paves the way for a more in-depth analysis and for understanding the potential role played by personal and contextual variables in the explanation of attitudes favoring corporal punishment. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

A multicomponent intervention to prevent partner violence within an existing service intervention.

Intimate partner violence (IPV) is an enormous public health problem that results in injury, health problems, and substantial cost to society. Despite having a grasp of the scope of IPV, public health officials and workers know little about how to prevent it. The few empirically established primary prevention programs consist of school-based curricula targeting high school students. Additional venues for IPV prevention are needed, especially for women at elevated risk. This article describes a preventive intervention for IPV consisting of three components: (a) a structured assessment for IPV; (b) a brochure-driven intervention for women experiencing IPV, including safety planning, referrals, and advocacy; and (c) a skills-based curriculum delivered to all participants that focuses on improving relationship decisions and outcomes. While this intervention could potentially be delivered in a multitude of clinical settings, this article focuses on its delivery within a home visitation program for young, disadvantaged new mothers, a population known to be at increased risk for IPV. If found to be effective, this intervention could be incorporated into many service delivery systems, with broad-based clinical implications for IPV prevention. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Reliability of family maltreatment diagnostic criteria: 41 site dissemination field trial.

R. E. Heyman and A. M. S. Slep (see record 2006-10939-007) developed and conducted an effectiveness trial of a diagnostic system for child and partner maltreatment. The current investigation tested the widespread dissemination of the diagnostic system at 41 child and partner maltreatment services sites (n = 549 partner maltreatment cases and n = 342 child maltreatment cases). Agreement between field and master reviewers’ decisions was good for partner physical and emotional abuse (κ = 0.83–0.84). Agreement was also good for child physical, emotional, and sexual abuse (κ = 0.73–0.89) but lagged slightly for child neglect (κ = 0.66). Thus, multifaceted and content valid family maltreatment diagnostic criteria can be disseminated reliably. Replication studies of interrater agreement of the diagnostic system in typical clinical and agency settings are necessary; however, the high levels of agreement in myriad field sites imply that consistency of maltreatment determinations is achievable in widespread use. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Review of Developmental Origins of Aggression.

Reviews the book, Developmental Origins of Aggression by Richard E. Tremblay, William W. Hartup, and John Archer (Eds.) (see record 2005-09268-000). Violence has become a "hot" topic. Omnipresent in the daily media, the subject of numerous national initiatives and investigations, we like our animal kin seem preoccupied with the subject. Despite this, however, and in the face of a rapidly progressing research literature, there is a paucity of good review material on the subject. It has been 30 years (de Wit & Hartup, 1974) since such an overview has been published. Edited by (including chapters by) three of the field's most productive investigators, this book fills a much needed gap. The aim of this book is to provide an "overview of the state of knowledge on the developmental origins of aggressive behavior" (p. xiii). Framed by introductory and concluding chapters (subtitled "Where do we stand today?" and "Where are we going?", respectively), the volume is composed of two parts. Chapters 2-10 describe different types of aggression and carefully detail the developmental change in aggression that occurs with age. Chapters 11-20 examine proximal and distal determinants of aggression. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

The gender debate about intimate partner violence: Solutions and dead ends.

The debate on gender continues to define much scholarship on partner violence. No other single issue is as important to identifying one's theoretical and political position among those who are concerned about intimate partner violence (IPV). At this point in time, several well-documented conclusions can be drawn. First, two common estimates—under 10% female-perpetrated and 50% or more female-perpetrated—are quite discrepant from virtually all other data on physical violence. Second, several key definitional and measurement issues explain a large part of this discrepancy. Third, a number of commonly mentioned possibilities for measurement artifacts are unlikely sources of the gender parity found in many studies of IPV. This article will review each of these issues and suggest a third approach, the moderate asymmetry approach. The moderate asymmetry hypothesis for IPV is currently best-supported by the data, and it should be emphasized until a better alternative is found. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Asking research participants about trauma and abuse.

Comments on the article by K. Becker-Blease and J. Freyd (see record 2006-03947-003), which presented a timely, persuasive, and well-documented argument to psychologists about why it is important to consider asking about a history of abuse and/or trauma in research studies. As a social psychologist studying victims' disclosures of sexual assault, social reactions received from others following disclosure, and the effects of these reactions on victims, S. E. Ullman expands on just a few of the 10 concerns discussed in their article regarding risks associated with trauma and abuse disclosure that may help researchers decide about whether to ask such questions. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Introduction to special section on couples and couple therapy.

Introduces the special section on couples and couple therapy, which brings together representative, state-of-the-art contributions from both basic and applied research on couples. Two contributions from the basic research domain attempt to better understand the interactional dynamics of normal marriages; both also have implications for marital and relationship distress. Two articles focus specifically on domestic violence. In the domain of clinical research, there are four articles that examine outcome and change mechanisms, the process of change within emotionally focused couple therapy, predictors of short- and long-term outcome after behavioral or insight-oriented marital therapy, and findings from a research program on preventing marital discord. The section closes with a commentary in which the articles are put into a broader context, and the interaction between basic and applied research is emphasized. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

建筑的欲望--伯拉德·屈米阅读

欲望作为主体中躯体物质的精神载体,它在建筑中如何实现?伯拉德·屈米通过他的一系列理论,揭示了建筑的欲望如何唤起和怎样实现,以此重新定义建筑学的性质。     

Problem gambling and violence among community-recruited female substance abusers.

Problem gambling (PG) may be associated with depression, victimization, and violence characterizing a substance-abusing lifestyle. The study explored associations of PG with these correlates among heavy-drinking and drug-using out-of-treatment women recently enrolled in 2 National Institutes of Health-funded, community-based HIV prevention trials. Female substance abusers with PG (n = 180) and without PG (NPG; n = 425) were examined according to the criteria of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (4th ed.; American Psychiatric Association, 1994). Whereas PGs had higher rates of each correlate than did NPGs, significant associations existed for antisocial personality disorder, specifically for violent tendencies. Logistic regression indicated that substance abusers with violent tendencies were about 3 times as likely as those without such tendencies to be PGs, after controlling for sociodemographics. Future research addressing whether underlying constructs, confounding variables, or interactions exist will further specify PG risk and inform prevention and intervention efforts. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)