Exposure to violence against a family member and internalizing symptoms in Colombian adolescents: The protective effects of family support.

Associations between exposure to serious violence against a family member and internalizing symptoms, and the protective effects of support from family versus friends, were examined in 5,775 adolescents (50% female; mean age=15.2 years, SD=2.0) with data from a national, random household survey of residents in Colombia, South America. After accounting for the effects of age, gender, and family life events other than violence, support from family buffered the relations between exposure to violence and adjustment; this relation was strongest for girls and younger adolescents. Disclosure to friends appeared to be protective for younger adolescents but harmful for older adolescents, and this relation was only observed for hopelessness. Results are discussed in terms of cognitive processing models of adjustment to violence. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Exploring the role of individual differences in the prediction of workplace aggression.

This study investigates the relationship between individual differences and the incidence of workplace aggression in a sample of employees from a transportation company and a public school system. Hierarchical multiple regression analysis indicated that measures of trait anger, attribution style, negative affectivity, attitudes toward revenge, self-control, and previous exposure to aggressive cultures accounted for 62% of the variance in the participants' self-reported incidence of workplace aggression. Further research on workplace aggression is advocated, focusing on the role of individual differences and their interactions with organizational and group-level variables. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Cyberbullying in adolescents: Modalities and aggressors’ profile

In this study, a questionnaire (Cyberbullying Questionnaire, CBQ) was developed to assess the prevalence of numerous modalities of cyberbullying (CB) in adolescents. The association of CB with the use of other forms of violence, exposure to violence, acceptance and rejection by peers was also examined. In the study, participants were 1431 adolescents, aged between 12 and17 years (726 girls and 682 boys). The adolescents responded to the CBQ, measures of reactive and proactive aggression, exposure to violence, justification of the use of violence, and perceived social support of peers. Sociometric measures were also used to assess the use of direct and relational aggression and the degree of acceptance and rejection by peers. The results revealed excellent psychometric properties for the CBQ. Of the adolescents, 44.1% responded affirmatively to at least one act of CB. Boys used CB to greater extent than girls. Lastly, CB was significantly associated with the use of proactive aggression, justification of violence, exposure to violence, and less perceived social support of friends.     

Alcohol Consumption and Intimate Partner Violence by Alcoholic Men: Comparing Violent and Nonviolent Conflicts.

Alcoholic men and their relationship partners were interviewed about a conflict in which physical assault occurred and 1 in which psychological aggression occurred without physical assault. The interview assessed the quantity of alcohol consumed prior to each conflict, other drug use, and the topics, location, timing, duration, and speed of escalation for each conflict. The number of standard drinks consumed by the husband in the previous 12 hr was significantly higher prior to violent versus nonviolent conflicts for both self- and collateral reports, as was blood alcohol concentration estimated from self-report. Other drug use was not significantly different. Greater drinking by wives prior to violent conflicts was found in some analyses. These within-subject comparisons help to rule out individual difference explanations for the alcohol-violence association and indicate that alcohol consumption is a proximal risk factor for partner violence in alcoholic men. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Predicting the Intentions of Women in Domestic Violence Shelters to Return to Partners: Does Forgiveness Play a Role?

Recent findings indicate that college women's forgiveness of hypothetical dating violence was predictive of their hypothetical decisions to stay in the relationship. This study was designed to evaluate the role of forgiveness in women's intentions to return to their partners from a domestic violence shelter. A sample of 121 women residing in both urban and rural domestic violence shelters filled out a series of questionnaires evaluating demographic information, severity of violence, attributions for violence, psychological constraints (or investment), and forgiveness of the partner. Forgiveness was found to predict intention to return to partner over and above the other variables studied. These findings suggest that the degree to which women are willing to "move on" from the abuse and to let go of their anger toward their partners may play a significant role in their intention to remain in a relationship with their partners. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

基于Netlogo的群体暴力建模与实现

为了更加形象而深入的研究群体性暴力行为的形成原因和演化过程,本文在对原有的研究基础上,用一种新的模型对群体性暴力事件进行研究,在该模型中引入了影响人行为的三个因素:不满、理性、威慑。分析个体暴力行为的实施则主要受到这些方面的影响。     

Spousal agreement regarding relationship aggression on the Conflict Tactics Scale-2.

The current study assessed agreement within 273 treatment-seeking couples that reported on aggression in their relationship using the Conflict Tactics Scale-2 (CTS-2; M. A. Straus, S. L. Hamby, S. Boney-McCoy, & D. B. Sugarman, 1996), the dominant instrument for assessing violence among couples. Results revealed low-to-moderate levels of agreement, consistent with previous studies using earlier versions of the CTS. Both husbands and wives reported a lower level of aggression for themselves than their partners attributed to them, though this discrepancy was generally stronger for husbands. In addition, both husbands and wives showed higher agreement on items rated as more objective and specific. The implications of these findings for researchers and clinicians are discussed. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Psychology Students' Training in the Management of Potentially Violent Clients.

Client violence has been reported as one of student practitioners' greatest concerns. This study examined counseling and clinical psychology graduate students' exposure to client violence, perceptions of training received in managing potentially violent clients, and confidence in working with this population. Students reported that their training in the management of potentially violent clients was inadequate and that their confidence in working with this population was low. A positive correlation between perception of training and confidence in managing potentially violent clients provides support for more comprehensive training efforts for students in the management of potentially violent clients. Training suggestions are presented. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

暴力背后的权力运作——解读美国华裔小说《支那崽》中的暴力表征

根据文化研究理论表征的概念。通过透视在美国华裔作家李健孙的第一部小说《支那崽》中的各种表征与表现。分析了权力在小说中的运作及经济对权力的影响。指出在权力关系之下。暴力可以作为少数族裔反抗主流文化对其压迫的一种武器。但要真正打破种族化了的表征体系，颠覆少数族膏在主流文化中的刻板印象。让其在美国社会恢复主体性、实现政治权利的愿望，归根到底还是要在经济上获得独立和发展。     

Correction to Stover et al. (2010).

Reports an error in "Agreement of parent and child reports of trauma exposure and symptoms in the early aftermath of a traumatic event" by Carla Smith Stover, Hilary Hahn, Jamie J. Y. Im and Steven Berkowitz (Psychological Trauma: Theory, Research, Practice, and Policy, 2010[Sep], Vol 2[3], 159-168). The article contained an incorrect DOI. The correct DOI is as follows: http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/a0019156. The online version has been corrected. (The following abstract of the original article appeared in record 2010-19144-001.) Exposure to violence and potentially traumatic events (PTEs) is a common experience among children and youth. The assessment of necessary intervention relies upon parental acknowledgment of exposure and recognition of their child's distress. Early interventions and treatment are most effective when parents are aware of the nature of the traumatic exposure, understand their child's symptomatic response, and are intimately involved in the treatment process. The present study investigated concordance between parents and exposed children on child trauma history, the subjective report of the impact of the traumas experienced, and presence of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms. Agreement between parent and child report of traumas experienced was nonsignificant for serious accidents, separation from significant others, and physical assaults. Nonsignificant agreement was also found for avoidance and hyperarousal symptoms of PTSD. Correlations were not significant between parent and child report of the impact of traumas both at the time of the incident and at the time of the interview. Recommendations are suggested for helping parents improve their capacity to understand the potential impact of exposure on the child's psychological functioning. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)