Low-temperature superplasticity of ZK40 magnesium alloy processed using equal channel angular pressing

Microstructure evolution and superplastic behaviors of ZK40 magnesium alloy were investigated in the temperature range of 473～623 K. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) was used to study the microstructure changes, twinning occurred significantly after being processed by equal channel angular pressing (ECAP) for one pass through the die, the mean grain size was 5.6μm. Finer grains can be obtained after further processing through ECAP, the average grain size of the alloy processed by ECAP for three passes was as low as 0.8 μ_m; this alloy exhibited low temperature superplasticity at 473～523 K, elongations obtained at the same initial strain rate of 1×10~(-3) s~(-1) were 260％ at 473 K and 612％ at 523 K, respectively. Corresponding values for the ZK40 alloy processed by ECAP for only one pass were 124％ at 473 K and 212％ at 523 K, respectively; poor superplastic behavior of this material was related to the long-range stresses associated with the non-equilibrium grain boundaries within the coarse grains. The incompatibility between fine and coarse grains was thought to be unfavorable to the improvement of superplasticity.     

超高碳钢超塑性的研究进展

综述了超高碳钢超塑性的研究进展。提出了超高碳钢实现超塑性所需的显微组织及其实现方法，总结了超高碳钢超塑性的变形机理及其变形特点。     

Inconel718合金的超塑性

Ｉｎｃｏｎｅｌ７１８合金在超塑拉伸变形过程中,随着初始应变速率ε的降低或变形温度Ｔ的升高,其流动应力σ降低、延伸率δ增加。同时,初始应变速率和变形温度影响奥氏体晶粒尺寸和析出相的分布。合金在超塑变形中,位错滑移起重要协调作用,使晶界滑动易于进行。     

Al2O3陶瓷及其复合材料的超塑性研究

陶瓷材料的超塑性是细晶多晶陶瓷在高温下的固有属性.本文提出了陶瓷材料超塑性产生的条件、特征和变形机制.综述了国内外Al2O3陶瓷及其复合材料超塑性研究的最新进展,最后指出了今后Al2O3陶瓷材料超塑性研究发展方向.     

高Ca/Al比的Mg-Al-Ca合金的超塑性

针对3种高Ca/Al比的Mg-Al-Ca合金(Mg-3.7Al-3.8Ca,Mg-4.4Al-4.5Ca和Mg-4.9Al-5.0Ca)的超塑性行为展开研究,研究结果表明,铸态镁合金具有二次相Al2Ca分布于晶界的枝晶结构。经挤压后,合金的晶粒被细化,二次相也被细化为更小的粒子。这些合金在400℃时表现出很高的伸长率,Mg-4.9Al-5.0Ca在400℃时3.6×10-4 s-1应变速率下获得最大伸长率572%。超塑性流变的变形机制为晶格扩散(DL)控制的晶界滑移(GBS)。对于挤压态Mg-4.9Al-5.0Ca合金,大部分高温稳定相Al2Ca粒子尺寸为80nm,对晶粒长大的抑制作用强烈,在晶界滑移时协调变形,因此在3种合金中Mg-4.9Al-5.0Ca具有最好的超塑性。     

钎头体零件的超塑成形技术研究

通过试验制定了４０Ｃｒ钢超塑工艺并制出了复杂的钎头体零件，使生产率提高４１．６％，材料利用率提高３４．８％，制件质量进一步提高。     

Temperature effect on the superplasticity of the 7475 Al alloy — An internal variable approach

The recently proposed internal variable theory of structural superplasticity (SSP) has been applied to the deformation behavior of a fine-grained 7475 Al alloy at temperatures ranging from 430 to 516°C. For this purpose, a series of load relaxation and tensile tests have been conducted at these temperatures. How curves obtained from load relaxation tests showed a noticeable concave region in the intermediate strain rate range suggesting the possible onset of grain boundary sliding (GBS) under the superplastic condition. Flow curves obtained at temperatures from 450 to 516°C showed contributions from the grain boundary sliding (GBS) and the accommodating grain matrix deformation (GMD). The activation energies for GMD and GBS were obtained as 116.0 kJ/mol and 40.4 kJ/mol, respectively. A precipitate free zone (PFZ) was observed developing during the accommodation of GBS, and the ranges of temperature and strain rate within which PFZs appeared to form agree well with those of the concave regions in the flow curves.     

SUPERPLASTICITY IN SiCw／ZK60 COMPOSITE

The superplastic deformation behavior of SiCw/ZK60 composite was investigated at temperatures ranging from 573K to 723K and at initial strain rates ranging from 8.3x10-4s-1 to 8.3x10-2s-1. A maximum elongation of 200% with a m-value of 0.35 was obtained at 613K and a initial strain rate of 1.67x 10-2s-1. The apparent activation energy (98kJ/mol) approximates that for grain boundary diffusion (92kJ/mol) in magnesium. It is proposed that the dominant mechanism of superplastic deformation in the present composite is grain boundary sliding accommodated by diffusional transport, besides, interfacial sliding plays an important role in the superplastic deformation.     

Phenomena and mechanism on superplasticity of duplex stainless steels

The superplasticity of Fe-24Cr-7Ni-3Mo-0.14N duplex stainless steel after being solution treated at 1350°C followed by 90% cold rolling was investigated at 850°C with a strain rate ranging from 10^-3-10^-1s^-1. The microstructure of duplex stainless steel consists of a matrix γ phase having low angle grain boundaries and a σ phase as second phase particles before the deformation at 850°C. It is well known that the constituent phases in duplex stainless steel is changed following α→α+γ→α+γ+σ→γ+σ through phase transformation during deformation at 850°C. The final microstructure of duplex stainless steel consisted of 70 vol.% of γ and 30 vol.% of the σ phase. A maximum elongation of 750% was obtained at 850°C with a strain rate of 3.16xl0^-3s^-1. The dislocation density within matrix γ grains was low and a significant strain-induced grain growth was observed during the deformation. The misorientation angles between the neighboring γ grains increased as the strain increased, thus the low angle grain boundaries were transformed into high angle grain boundaries suitable for sliding by dynamic recrystallization during the deformation at 850°C. The grain boundary sliding assisted by dynamic recrystallization is considered to be a controlling mechanism for superplastic deformation at 850°C.