PEG1000用量对多孔TiO_2薄膜结构及光催化性能的影响

以钛酸四丁酯为钛源,PEG1000为模板剂,乙酰丙酮为稳定剂,制备了TiO2溶胶,通过浸渍-提拉法在载玻片上制备了多孔TiO2薄膜。采用X射线衍射、扫描电镜、紫外-可见透射光谱、X射线光电子能谱、N2吸附-脱附等对TiO2薄膜的晶相结构、表面形貌、化学组成及TiO2粉体的BET比表面积和孔径分布进行了表征。考察了TiO2薄膜对甲基橙的光催化降解活性。实验结果表明,TiO2薄膜催化剂的晶型为锐钛矿型,Ti以Ti4+形式存在。随着PEG1000添加量的增加,薄膜表面形貌变得粗糙,孔数量先增加而后下降;多孔TiO2薄膜在紫外区域内的吸收边沿向短波方向移动,薄膜透射率也发生波动,但薄膜的厚度基本不变。当PEG1000添加量为2.0g时,薄膜中存在大量的介孔,薄膜的比表面积最大,光催化性能最佳。     

添加剂对甲基磺酸盐镀锡液性能的影响

甲基磺酸盐镀锡液是一种生产效率高,环保性能好,性能优良的新型镀锡液。采用电化学测试方法分析了添加剂对甲基磺酸盐镀锡液性能的影响。结果表明,添加剂加入后提高了锡离子的析出电位;添加剂A对镀液的极化性能影响较抗氧化剂大,添加剂A和抗氧化剂复合使用时镀液的性能较单独使用添加剂A或抗氧化剂好;当镀锡溶液中有25mL/L添加剂A,20mL/L抗氧化剂时,锡离子的析出电位为-0.625V,镀液的分散能力为98%,覆盖能力为94%。     

节能玻璃的研究进展

节能玻璃作为一种新型的功能玻璃,是建筑节能的关键材料,在21世纪将有广泛的应用与发展。本文主要概述了建筑节能玻璃的种类及其基本原理,介绍了国内外节能玻璃的最新研究进展,并指出了发展节能玻璃的重要性。     

Preparation of LaNiO3/SrTiO3/LaNiO3 capacitor structure through sol–gel process

In this paper, SrTiO₃/LaNiO₃ (STO/LNO) bilayer films were prepared on lanthanum aluminate (LAO) substrates by use of the sol–gel technique. An array of LNO electrodes with diameters of 200 μm was prepared on the surface of STO/LNO bilayer films. Therefore, LaNiO₃/SrTiO₃/LaNiO₃ (LNO/STO/LNO), a capacitor structure with symmetrical top and bottom electrodes, was obtained. The XRD analysis showed that the obtained capacitor structure has a biaxial texture. The dielectric test suggested that the relative dielectric constant of the LNO/STO/LNO structure is symmetric, has a high tunability, and has a low dielectric dissipation factor (tan δ) in response to varying electric field bias. As the temperature decreased, the relative dielectric constant of the STO film increased, the tunability increased, and the tan δ decreased. At test conditions of 80 K and 100 kH, the tunability and the figure of merit (FOM) reached 56% and 107, respectively.     

钛合金与NiAl封严涂层的电偶腐蚀行为研究

钛合金材料与不同材料相互连接,并处于富含氯离子的电解质溶液中,有可能使得材料发生电偶腐蚀而遭到破坏。采用极化曲线的方法分别研究了NiAl涂层、TA15的电化学行为。结果表明NiAl涂层的腐蚀电位较TA15的低,二者相差约30 mV,NiAl涂层腐蚀电流为1.718×10-4A,TA15腐蚀电流为1.170×10-5A。研究了NiAl封严涂层和TA15钛合金之间在5%NaCl水溶液中的电偶腐蚀行为。测试了NiAl-TA15电偶对的电偶电流-时间曲线,并通过计算出的平均电偶电流密度,评价了钛合金和NiAl封严涂层的电偶腐蚀敏感性。结果表明,TA15钛合金和NiAl封严涂层之间的电位差很小,电偶腐蚀倾向很小,电偶电流密度为0.0253μA.cm-2。电偶腐蚀过程中,腐蚀电位较低的NiAl涂层作为电偶对的阳极发生腐蚀,钛合金作为阴极得到保护。电偶腐蚀后电偶对的阳极、阴极的自腐蚀电位均升高,阳极电位从-347 mV正移到-242 mV,阴极电位从-323 mV正移到-210 mV;电偶电位为-300 mV。NiAl涂层含有较多孔洞,可以作为腐蚀介质的渗透通道,在含有Cl-并且有溶解氧存在的腐蚀性介质中,容易导致腐蚀的发生与发展。     

全钒氧化还原液流电池电解液的研究

研究在40℃温度下,添加剂对全钒氧化还原液流电池电解液稳定性的影响.通过采用硫酸亚铁铵溶液对钒电池电解液进行电位滴定,定量分析钒电池电解液中不同价态钒离子的浓度;利用循环伏安曲线扫描,分析添加剂的引入对电解液电化学性能的影响.结果表明:温度40℃时,添加剂对五价钒溶液稳定性的影响次序为:尿素>硫酸钾>CTAB>草酸铵>草酸钠;添加剂对钒溶液氧化活性的影响为:草酸钠>尿素>硫酸钾>CTAB>草酸铵;对还原活性的影响为:草酸铵>草酸钠>硫酸钾>CTAB>尿素;对氧化还原反应可逆性的影响为:尿素>草酸钠>硫酸钾>CTAB>草酸铵.     

双波长K系数分光光度法测定镍钨合金镀液中的钨含量

以NH4SCN方法测定镍钨合金镀液中的钨含量,镀液中的Ni^2＋会对其产生干扰。应用双波长K系数分光光度法有效消除了共存Ni^2＋的影响。测定镍钨合金镀液中的钨时以X420nm为测量波长、370nm为参比波长,钨的线性回归方程为Y=0．4260x＋0．9823,相对标准偏差为1．2％,加标回收率为96．89％～106．10％。此法用于镍钨合金镀液中钨含量的测定,结果准确。     

Effects of different metal corrosion inhibitors on hydrogen suppression and film formation with Mg–Zn alloy dust in NaCl solutions

To improve the safety of wet dust removal systems for processing magnesium-based alloys, a new method is proposed for preventing hydrogen generation. In this paper, hydrogen generation by Mg–Zn alloy dust was inhibited with six common metal corrosion inhibitors. The results showed that sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate was the best hydrogen inhibitor, while CeCl₃ enhanced hydrogen precipitation. The film-forming stability of sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate was tested with different contents, temperatures, Cl^? concentrations and perturbation rates. The results showed that this inhibitor formed stable protective films on the surfaces of Mg–Zn alloy particles, and adsorption followed the Langmuir adsorption model.     

Reaction mechanism of roasting Zn2SiO4 using NaOH

The reaction kinetics of roasting zinc silicate using NaOH was investigated. The orthogonal test was employed to optimize the reaction conditions and the optimized reaction conditions were as follows: molar ratio of NaOH to Zn₂SiO₄ of 16:1, reaction temperature of 550 °C, and reaction time of 2.5 h. In order to ascertain the phases transformation and reaction processes of zinc oxide and silica, the XRD phase analysis was used to analyze the phases of these specimens roasted at different temperatures. The final phases of the specimen roasted at 600 °C were Na₂ZnO₂, Na₄SiO₄, Na₂ZnSiO₄ and NaOH. The reaction kinetic equation of roasting was determined by the shrinking unreacted core model. Aiming to investigate the reaction mechanism, two control models of reaction rate were applied: chemical reaction at the particle surface and diffusion through the product layer. The results indicated that the diffusion through the product layer model described the reaction process well. The apparent activation energy of the roasting was 19.77 kJ/mol.     

钛基多元大孔材料光催化降解有机废水

TiO2由于光催化活性高、价格低廉、无毒等特点受到人们广泛关注。人们将形状不规则粉体TiO2制备成纳米大孔空心球等形状,以提高催化剂的悬浮性能和回收性能。同时,为了进一步提高TiO2对有机废水的光催化降解性能,对TiO2进行了掺杂改性的研究。文章主要介绍了掺杂改性大孔TiO2在光催化降解有机废水中的研究。