南京国际商城超大体积混凝土底板施工测控技术

结合南京国际商城基础底板大体积混凝土的施工实例，施工前用有限元分析模拟大体积混凝土温度场，根据分析结果制定科学的施工控制方案，确保施工的安全进行。     

炉外精炼和浇铸时罐内钢水温度的变化

1 前言罐内钢水热容量的减少,即反映出钢水温度的降低。温度降低的主要原因是受热损失的影响,其中最主要的是钢水罐衬的热损失。确定通过罐衬的热损失必须确定钢水对罐衬的热交换。罐衬的热损失取决于出钢前罐衬的温度和钢水对罐衬的传热。出钢时罐衬的热状态由下列因素决定:罐的干燥和预热、浇铸过程和浇铸结束后的冷却等。所有这些过程都是造成罐衬温度场不均匀的原因,因此,钢水对罐衬传热也不均衡。解决这一问题的唯一有效办法,是很好地掌握从出钢到浇铸完毕(其中包括炉外精炼)的钢水热制度。浇铸时钢水温度取决于罐内钢水的温度场。     

直角自由切削刀具温度场的测定

本文介绍一种经特殊设计的,应用单片微机技术测定直角自由切削刀具温度场的装置。该装置可准确、实时测出直角自由切削刀具主剖面上任一点的切削温度值,为研究切削加工过程切削温度的分布提供了必要的手段。     

An improvement to the simulation of phase-change heat-transfer during soil freezing and thawing

A new variable time step method, which is called the backwards calculating time step method, is presented in this paper. It allows numerical simulation of soil freezing and thawing while avoiding "phase change missing and overflowing". A sensitive heat capacity model is introduced through which the calculation errors are analyzed. Then the equation using the self-adjusted time step is presented and solved using finite differences. Through this equation, the time needed for a space cell to reach the phase change point temperature is calculated. Using this time allows the time step to be adjusted so that errors caused by "phase change missing and overflowing" are successfully eliminated. Above all, the obvious features of this method are an accelerated rate for adjusting the time step and simplifing the computations. An actual example proves that this method can accurately calculate the temperature fields during soil freezing and thawing. It is an improvement over traditional methods and can be widely used on com- plicated multi-dimensional phase change problems.