Inter- and intra-molecular ionic interactions of polyampholyte: Carboxymethyl-2-diethylaminoethylcellulose

Carboxymethyl-2-diethylaminoethylcellulose (CM-DEAE cellulose) was prepared by etherification of carboxymethylcellulose with diethylaminoethyl chloride in a NaOH solution. The behaviour of CM-DEAE cellulose in aqueous solution was studied by viscosity and GPC measurements. The degree of substitution (DS) and existing states of DEAE substituents were examined by the use of proton NMR, and those of the CM substituents were observed with FT-IR. The results reveal that the reduced viscosity and apparent molecular size of CM-DEAE cellulose vary with the concentration of sodium chloride and changes in pH and DS. These phenomena can be explained in terms of inter- and intra-molecular ionic interactions.     

High‐Tech‐Cellulose‐Funktionspolymere nach dem ALCERU®‐Verfahren

Functional High‐Tech‐Cellulose materials by the ALCERU® process Cellulose is one of the eldest materials of mankind. While the use of cellulose in former times was focused on application as a more construction or as a more textile material at present time the application profile turns to a more functional material using the ALCERU® process. Shaping of pure cellulose dissolution in NMMNO permits the manufacturing of materials for upholstery, filtration or biodegradable film strips having an uniform cross section. Fibreds, which can be applied in several packaging materials, are available using different techniques for regeneration cellulose. A great field of innovative functional cellulose materials is opened up by addition of several functional additives to cellulose dissolution. In this way piezo‐electrical conductive cellulose fibres (PZT) or high‐temperature filtration membranes are to be generated if one adds special types of ceramic powders. Above all PZT green fibres are applied in more recent uses as sensors or actuators. Electrically conductive cellulose fibres or filaments, which can be also used in the textile chain, can be prepared adding conductive carbon black to a cellulose dope on the same way, too. Cellulose material having adapted conductivity to different application is available by adding an exact defined amount of carbon black to cellulose dissolution. Finally cellulose beads can be manufactured by means of varied shaping technique. The beads are showing variable particle sizes and narrow pore size distribution. These properties open up very interesting application in the field of human blood purification or chromatography.     

CMC在珠光颜料涂布纸中的应用试验

对添加羧甲基纤维素钠改善水性珠光涂布纸云母系列珠光涂料的性质做了初步研究．试验结果表明，羧甲基纤维素钠不仅能改善涂料的稳定性，提高涂层的表面拉毛强度，还能起到辅助胶粘剂的作用．通过优化试验得到了较理想的羧甲基纤维素钠配比．     

生物化学组分对生物质型煤燃烧特性影响的实验研究

生物质型煤燃烧能够降低污染物排放,改善劣质煤燃烧性能。通过对生物质进行化学萃取实验,从分析生物质化学组分出发,对不同配比的生物质型煤进行了燃烧失重实验,研究了生物质型煤的燃烧特性。结果表明：生物质的加入改善了生物质型煤的燃烧性能,其中影响生物质型煤燃烧特性关键因素是生物质型煤中纤维素的含量,在仅考虑着火温度、挥发份最大释放速率及燃尽温度来评价燃烧特性时,纤维素含量越高,生物质型煤的燃烧性能越好。最后,提出了生物质型煤燃烧性能评估因子来定量评价纤维素含量对生物质型煤燃烧性能的影响。     

High yield production of microcrystalline cellulose by a thermo-mechano-solvolytic treatment

By thermally treating a commercial cellulose in ethylene glycol, celluloses of controlled low degree of polymerization, DP_r = 1000 to 70, can be derived. Two general behaviors are observed in the range studied. At first, the depolymerization reaction is predominant down to a DP equal to 130. Beyond this level, the depolymerization process leads to extensive solubilization of the cellulose. The treated celluloses have been analyzed by X-ray diffraction, FTIR, TGA, elemental analysis and enzymatic hydrolysis. No chemical change of the cellulose could explain the two different behaviors. A physical modification in the form of depolymerization and destructuration is suspected.     

Green and gold kiwifruit peel ethanol extracts potentiate pentobarbital-induced sleep in mice via a GABAergic mechanism

Kiwifruit is one of the most popular fruits worldwide, and it has various biological properties, including antioxidant, anti-allergic, and cardiovascular protective effects. The peel of kiwifruit, which is a by-product of processing, is a good source of flavonoids; however, its bioactivity has not been widely investigated. In this study, we evaluated the hypnotic effects of green (GRPE, Actinidia deliciosa) and gold (GOPE, Actinidia chinensis) kiwifruit peel ethanol extracts and their solvent fractions, and the possible underlying mechanisms. Oral GRPE and GOPE administration (125–1000 mg/kg) produced a dose-dependent decrease in sleep latency and an increase in sleep duration in pentobarbital-treated mice. Among three different solvent fractions of GRPE and GOPE, ethyl acetate (EA) fractions had the greatest effect on sleep duration at 250 mg/kg. The total flavonoid contents of solvent fractions were proportional to sleep duration. Like diazepam (a GABA_A–benzodiazepine (BZD) receptor agonist), the hypnotic effects of GRPE, GOPE, and their EA fractions were fully inhibited by flumazenil (a GABA_A–BZD receptor antagonist). These results suggest that potentiation effects of GRPE and GOPE on pentobarbital-induced sleep in mice may be modulated by a GABAergic mechanism.     

纤维素类吸附剂的研究进展

纤维素、半纤维素和淀粉中富含羟基,通过羟基的一系列衍生化反应,可以将一些高分子化合物或富含纤维素的纸浆、木材等物质制备成吸附剂,文章综述了国内外纤维素类吸附材料的研究进展.     

光度法测细菌纤维的分散性

用分光光度计测定细菌纤维悬浮液的吸光度,可以很好地表征细菌纤维分散体的分散性能,此法方便、直观,可以作为纤维分散性的表征方法之一.     

亚麻/黄麻针织产品的纤维素酶处理工艺探讨

为去除亚麻／黄麻针织坯布表面的绒毛,改善其柔软性能,探讨了用纤维素酶处理工艺来提高其服用性能的方法,选取酶用量、pH值、处理温度和处理时间四个因素作为正交实验的因子,进行了四因素四水平的正交实验,选用织物减重率和顶破强力损失率作为评价指标,通过对实验结果的分析,确定了合理的纤维素酶处理工艺条件,并得出了减重率与强力损失率间的线性关系,以期在生产中能很好地控制纤维素酶处理的程度和效果。