Dental amalgam – the effect of the technology of alloy powder preparation on the corrosion behaviour and the release of mercury

Dental amalgams are based on a broad spectrum of materials differing in their chemical composition, metallurgical treatment, and in the way the initial alloys powders are prepared. In addition to their chemical composition, amalgams based on various powders differ in both their microstructure and the amount of mercury needed for preparation. All these facts may affect electrochemical processes occurring during their interaction with oral fluids, and also mercury release. While verifying the effect of the technology used for the preparation of the high‐copper ternary alloy powder on the properties of resulting amalgams, this study aimed at the mechanism of their interaction with a model saliva solution as well as mercury release was included. Measurements were done in a model saliva solution using standard electrochemical methods and exposition measurements. The interaction of individual types of amalgams with artificial saliva did not reveal any significant differences. The free corrosion potential of all these amalgams in an aerated solution settled in the range of values in which tin oxidation, resulting in a layer of insoluble corrosion producsts, turned out to be the dominant anodic process. The rate of mercury release was the lowest for amalgams based on a gas‐atomized alloy. The highest rate of mercury release, and also its dependence on time, was exhibited by lathe‐cut powder based amalgam. In addition to different volume fraction of the Ag‐Hg phase and the level of its tin alloying, this different behaviour may be explained by differences in the rate at which a layer of tin corrosion products acting as a barrier to mercury release is formed.     

集成电路密封用高纯邻甲酚醛环氧树脂的制备

ECN树脂中的可水解氯含量是决定树脂质量的—个重要指标。本文研究了反应温度、ECH/OCN配比、反应时间和碱用量等因素的影响,取得了规律性的认识,并获得最佳配方,制备出高纯度的ECN树脂系列产品。     

非金属电镀用导电漆的研制

介绍了导电漆、作为导电填料的片状镀银铜粉的制备工艺流程。分别研究了漆膜表面单位电阻与镀银铜粉的含量及其粒径以及钛酸酯偶联剂的含量之间的关系。结果表明,当镀银铜粉的粒径为400目、质量分数在57%~65%之间,钛酸酯偶联剂的质量分数为10%时,所得涂膜的导电性能最佳。加入含C-18的油酸可以使导电漆长期贮存而电阻值不变。经检测,所得涂膜具有良好的性能:附着力1级,硬度1 H,柔韧性1 mm,冲击强度50 kg/cm2,膜厚10~15μm,漆膜表面每厘米电阻0.15Ω,每分米电阻0.47Ω。指出了导电漆应用过程中的注意事项。     

微晶纤维素增粘剂的研制

以棉浆为原料，废盐酸为水解催化剂，所得合成革用微晶纤锥素增粘剂的质量指标达到了德国和日本同类产品的标准。     

水利工程设计概算编制中的主要问题及对策

水利工程概算编制是工程设计的重要组成部分,对于合理确定工程造价预算、确保有效控制工程项目投资规模、合理使用投资、提高投资回报率,是必不可少的.本文简要归纳了一些普遍存在于水利工程设计概算编制中的问题,并结合工程实际提出了几项应对措施,以期提升设计概算编制的质量、保证项目投资控制目标的实现,从而取得较好的投资效益和社会效益.     

室温固相反应法制备纳米氧化锆及表征

以ZrOCl2.8H2O和NH4HCO3为原料,在适量表面活性剂(PEG-400)存在下,先在室温下充分混合研磨进行固相反应,得到的反应混合物再用水洗去其中的可溶性无机盐并烘干,即得氧化锆前驱体。前驱体经530℃下热解3h即得氧化锆产品,采用TG/DTA,XRD和TEM对前驱体及产品进行了表征。结果表明,所得产品氧化锆为结晶良好、以四方相为主的混合晶相,其平均粒径约为25nm。     

L-苯丙氨酸的制备与应用前景

简要综述L-苯丙氨酸的制备及在食品医药领域的应用,指出L-苯丙氨酸的生产是一项前景广阔的产业.     

Preparation of Perovskite-Type Oxides La1-x Srx Fe1-y Coy O3 Using EDTA Sol-Gel Method

Two series of perovskite-type oxides with composition La1-xSrxFeO3 (x≤0.8)and La1-xSrxFe1-yCoyO3( x = 0.2；y = 0.2, 0.4 ) powder productions were synthesized by EDTA complexing sol-gel method. The products were characterized by XRD, TEM, SEM, BET method (N2 adsorption)and laser granularity analysis for different synthesis conditions to obtain the optimum conditions for the preparation process. Single-phased, uniform perovskite-type oxides with small particle size were obtained by EDTA sol-gel process with high stability and repeatability,and the process temperature is much lower than that of solid state reaction method.     

气相氧化直接制备多针状氧化锌

采用气相氧化法,在温度850—950℃,氧分压≤8％,气体总流量300～330L／h的条件下,用工业锌粉为原料直接氧化制备出多针状氧化锌。SEM显示产物的中心体直径10—15μg,针状体直径0．2～0．8μm,针长60～100μg,XRD分析检测表明产物具有完整的六方纤锌矿型晶体结构。改变制备条件,可在一定范围内对多针状氧化锌的微观形貌和尺寸进行调控。半宽峰分析表明,随着氧分压的降低,半宽峰有所展开,表明晶体的缺陷增加,晶体缺陷主要是氧空位。     

Synthesis of acicular α-Bi2O3 microcrystals by microwave-assisted hydrothermal method

ABSTRACT

Materials based on bismuth(III) oxide are candidate to be used in optical and electronic devices because of their properties such as a variable band gap, photoconductivity, photoluminescence, high refractive index, and dielectric permittivity. These properties are dependent of several factors, e.g., present phases and crystal morphology. The microwave-assisted hydrothermal method (MAH) is a fast and efficient approach of synthesis to obtain semiconductor powders. However, the synthesis of monoclinic bismuth oxide (α-Bi₂O₃) with acicular morphology by MAH was not found in literature. In this paper, microcrystals of acicular α-Bi₂O₃ (monophasic) were successfully obtained by MAH using a synthesis temperature of 80°C for 0.5?h. X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, scanning electron, and transmission electron microscopies showed the formation of a monoclinic structure (space group P21/c) with acicular morphology that grew along the [001] direction. The temperature and time necessary to synthetize acicular microcrystals were significantly lower than those found for acicular microcrystals obtained by conventional hydrothermal method.