基于疏水型二氧化硅气凝胶制备无氟自清洁超疏水棉织物

以甲基三甲氧基硅烷(MTMS)为硅源,水为溶剂,在表面活性剂十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTAB)作用下,通过溶胶-凝胶反应,并采用环境压力干燥法(APD)制备了超疏水二氧化硅气凝胶.将二氧化硅气凝胶粉和聚二甲基硅氧烷(PDMS)通过喷涂法整理到棉织物上,分别采用扫描电镜、红外光谱仪、接触角测量仪对整理棉织物的结构、形貌和疏...     

Self-cleaning wool: effect of noble metals and silica on visible-light-induced functionalities of nano TiO2 colloid

This study intends to enhance the functionality of titanium dioxide (TiO₂) nanoparticles applied to wool fabrics under visible light. Herein, TiO₂, TiO₂/SiO₂, TiO₂/Metal, and TiO₂/Metal/SiO₂ nanocomposite sols were synthesized and applied to wool fabrics through a low-temperature sol–gel method. The impacts of three types of noble metals, namely gold (Au), platinum (Pt), and silver (Ag), on the photoefficiency of TiO₂ and TiO₂/SiO₂ under visible light were studied. Different molar ratios of Metal toTiO₂ (0.01, 0.1, 0.5, and 1%) were employed in synthesizing the sols. Photocatalytic efficiency of fabrics was analyzed through monitoring the removal of red wine stain and degradation of methylene blue under simulated sunlight and visible light, respectively. Also, the antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli (E. coli) bacterium and the mechanical properties of fabrics were investigated. Through applying binary and ternary nanocomposite sols to fabrics, an enhanced visible-light-induced self-cleaning property was imparted to wool fabrics. It was concluded that the presence of silica and optimized amount of noble metals had a synergistic impact on boosting the photocatalytic and antimicrobial activities of coated samples. The fabrics were further characterized using attenuated total reflectance, energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometry, and scanning electron microscopy images.     

自然循环自动清洗式蒸发器的试验研究

文章中研究的新型蒸发器,加热室内安装有旋流冲推力强化力矩的自动清洗螺旋,能够在低流速、循环总阻力11kPa以下实行自动清洗。沸腾室大截面、大深度、渐扩形出口部,循环母液低流速通过,能够在较大的深度处开始汽化;并且停留时间较长,在加热室得到的显热尽可能多的转化为汽化热;还能大幅度地降低出口动能损失,使自然循环的有效推动力强化达到11kPa～15kPa,从而省去高能耗的强制循环泵。因此新型蒸发器对于传热强化与节能具有很高的价值。     

TiO2/SiO2自清洁光催化薄膜的制备与性能研究

TiO2薄膜作为一种新型功能材料,其特有的防雾、抗菌、自清洁和光催化等性能成为研究热点。从实际应用角度出发,本研究尝试将SiO2和TiO2两者性能相结合,制备既具有增透减反又具有光催化活性的TiO2/SiO2自清洁薄膜,通过对实验条件的改进与控制,寻找简单低成本的制备工艺。     

Photocatalytic Self-Cleaning of Wool Fibers Coated with Synthesized Nano-Sized Titanium Dioxide

Nano-sized TiO₂ was successfully synthesized and deposited onto wool fibers using the sol–gel process at ambient temperature. The prepared samples were characterized using several structural, textural, and morphological techniques. The electron micrographs show formation of TiO₂ nanoparticles 10–30 nm in size. The photocatalytic activity of TiO₂-coated wool fibers was investigated through the solid-phase self-cleaning of methylene blue (MB) under UV-vis irradiation by the diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS) method. The fibers' structure is not altered upon light exposure. This preparation technique can also be applied to new fabrics to create self-cleaning and UV irradiation protection properties in them.     

自清式磁选器在小麦清理中的应用

本文阐述了自清式磁选器结构和工作原理、在生产过程中的控制要点、应用实例以及磁力测试方法.该设备不仅提高了磁选清理效率,同时减少了设备停机率和人员劳动强度.     

自清洗过滤器的分类及特点

自清洗过滤器具有广泛的应用,对各种形式的自清洗过滤器做了归纳分类,介绍了吸污式、刷式(刮式)、反冲洗式三类过滤器的原理及特点,对于全面了解自清洗过滤器,以及设计开发具有参考意义。     

铈或钕掺杂TiO2光催化陶瓷及其自洁净抗菌性能研究

采用溶胶-凝胶法和浸渍提拉法在陶瓷表面覆盖了Ce或Nd掺杂的TiO2薄膜.稀土掺杂量为Ce/TiO2=0.007,Nd/TiO2=0.003(摩尔比)时,铈或钕掺杂TiO2光催化陶瓷分别对甲基橙的降解率最大.稀土掺杂TiO2光催化陶瓷对大肠杆菌的抗菌率高达99%,较纯TiO2光催化陶瓷的91%更高.     

自洁式饮水净化器的研制

针对饮水净化器普遍存在滤芯成本高,滤芯不能实现自洁的两大弊端,将粘土质红砖粉碎至40～100目颗粒后作滤芯材料,并通过滤料腔滤料和水力参数的控制而达到适时自动清洁其滤芯的效果,同时赋予净水器以低廉的制造成本和高效稳定的净化效果。该项目已于2007年6月27日获国家发明专利授权,专利号:ZL02113853.2。