Application of artificial neural network method to predict the breakage properties of PGE bearing chromite ore

In the present investigation, systematic grinding experiments were conducted in a laboratory ball mill to determine the breakage properties of low-grade PGE bearing chromite ore. The population balance modeling technique was used to study the breakage parameters such as primary breakage distribution (B_{i, j}) and the specific rates of breakage (S_i). The breakage and selection function values were determined for six feed sizes. The results stated that the breakage follows the first-order grinding kinetics for all the feed sizes. It was observed that the coarser feed sizes exhibit higher selection function values than the finer feed size. Further, an artificial neural network was used to predict breakage characteristics of low-grade PGE bearing chromite ore. The predicted results obtained from the neural network modeling were close to the experimental results with a correlation of determination R² = 0.99 for both product size and selection function.     

The control of paracetamol particle size and surface morphology through crystallisation in a spray dryer

The parameters governing the crystallisation of paracetamol using various conventional techniques has been extensively studied, however the factors influencing the drug crystallisation using spray drying is not as well understood. The aim of this work was to investigate the crystallisation of an active pharmaceutical ingredient through evaporative crystallisation using a spray dryer to study the physicochemical properties of the drug and to use semi-empirical equations to gain insight into the morphology and particle size of the dried powder. Paracetamol solutions were spray dried at various inlet temperatures ranging from 60 °C to 120 °C and also from a series of inlet feed solvent compositions ranging from 50/50% v/v ethanol/water to 100% ethanol and solid-state characterisation was done. The size and morphology of the dried materials were altered with a change in spray drying parameters, with an increase in inlet temperature leading to an increase in particle Sauter mean diameter (from 3.0 to 4.4 µm) and a decrease in the particle size with an increase in ethanol concentration in the feed (from 4.6 to 4.4 µm) as a result of changes in particle density and atomised droplet size. The morphology of the dried particles consisted of agglomerates of individual crystallites bound together into larger semi-spherical agglomerates with a higher tendency for particles having crystalline ridges to form at higher ethanol concentrations of the feed.     

Hybrid-triggered fault detection filter design for networked Takagi–Sugeno fuzzy systems subject to persistent heavy noise disturbance

In the network environment, the single time-triggered scheme wastes limited bandwidth resources due to all the sampled data are transmitted to the networks, and the single event-triggered scheme may increase system error because of ignoring factors such as changes in network utilization. To reduce the design conservatism, this paper is concerned with the hybrid-triggered L₁ fault detection filter design for a class of nonlinear networked control systems (NCSs) described by Takagi–Sugeno (T-S) fuzzy model. Taking the effects of time-triggered scheme and event-triggered scheme into consideration simultaneously, we construct a fuzzy fault detection system. New results on stability and L₁ performance are proposed for fuzzy fault detection system by exploiting the Lyapunov–Krasovskii functional and by means of the integral inequality method. Specially, attention is focused on the design of fault detection filter that guarantees a prescribed L₁ noise attenuation level . Finally, two examples are presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.     

对依兰煤田钻孔缩径挤夹钻具事故的认识

针对依兰煤田钻探施工中出现的钻孔缩径挤夹钻具事故,提出产生事故的根本原因不是因岩层本身膨胀所致,而是由于某种岩层裂隙发育,渗透性良好,吸水性强,使钻孔孔壁泥皮迅速增厚所致,并提出预防事故的具体措施。     

地下采场围岩刚度与强度参数的正交反演方法

应用正交试验设计原理，提出了一种根据地下采场围岩的量测位移，反演确定其刚度参数和强度参数的弹塑性正交反演方法。运用这种方法．并借助于连续介质快速拉格朗日分析技术，反演确定了湖南湘西金矿充填料矿二次回采采场围岩的刚度参数与强度参数，从而为进一步应用数值模拟技术进行采矿方法安全性评价打下了基础。     

浅谈加入WTO后的工程造价

介绍了国际服务贸易总协定的一般责任和义务 ,分析了加入WTO对工程造价的机遇及对策 ,提出了加入WTO对工程造价的挑战 ,以提高企业自身素质 ,在市场竞争中不断发展壮大。     

欧盟垃圾填埋导则解读和启示

欧盟的垃圾填埋导则全面反映了欧盟对于垃圾管理的要求和目标,即对于可持续发展和气候变化的关注,并对垃圾管理战略和处理模式、填埋场的建设、运营管理等提出了新的要求。欧盟的垃圾填埋导则给我国垃圾处理的启示是,要从可持续发展的角度制定有关政策和处理一些具体问题,垃圾处理的目标应当是全方位的达标,而不是泛泛的、模糊的无害化。     

钢绞线压花锚锚固性能试验与分析

以宁波招宝山大桥西引桥A、B匝道后张法预应力连续箱梁采用钢绞线压花锚锚固技术的工程实例,叙述了压花锚锚固性能试验中试块尺寸、测点布置、实验装置及加载方法,并作了试验结果分析。     

Spatial competition and regulatory change in the grain handling and transportation system in western Canada

The grain handling and transportation system (GHTS) has been a defining component of the western Canadian economy since the early part of the last century. Only two major railways serve the grain handling industry, so the potential for the exercise of market power in transportation appears to be significant. In fact, spatially oriented regulations applicable to railways exist in Canada to mitigate this, but to date they have not often been used by shippers. While the reasons for this are not completely clear, we suggest that the regulations are now inadequate for the current state of the GHTS. Using a unique data set from the year 2000, we assess the effect on the grain handling industry of modifications to these regulations, and find that significant gains for shippers from these modifications are possible. These gains are computed to be on the order of C$10–15 million per year for grain shippers alone. We would like to thank conference and presentation participants (Transportation Research Board, Canadian Agricultural Economics Society, University of British Columbia, University of Leeds and California State University, Long Beach) as well as the anonymous reviewers who commented on the earlier versions of this paper. We would also like to acknowledge support from the Saskatchewan Department of Highways.     

对城乡规划管理的探索与思考

从城市规划管理的角度，探讨了城市规划的设计层次可分为区域规划、总体规划及控制性详细规划，并从规划管理体制的层面思考了城市规划管理工作，从而适应发展需要。