Health and Indoor Climate Complaints of 7043 office Workers in 61 Buildings in the Netherlands

During the winter of 1988/1989, the relationships between the prevalence of work-related health and indoor climate complaints and a number of building, management, workplace and personal characteristics have been investigated in a study in more than 60 office buildings located throughout the Netherlands. To collect the information, a questionnaire was prepared on health and indoor climate complaints and personal and workplace characteristics. A checklist was used to obtain information on building characteristics More than 7000 questionnaires were completed by the regular users of the buildings investigated. The results showed that the prevalence of symptoms was higher in air-conditioned buildings than in naturally or mechanically ventilated buildings. some other variables were also related with most work-related complaints after adjustment for selected management, personal, workplace and job characteristics. These included gender, work satisfaction in general, presence of allergies and/or respiratory symptoms, and personal control over temperature at the workplace. No differences were found in symptom prevalences between buildings with spray and steam humidification. The combination of air-conditioning and humidification did not lead to further increases in the prevalence of complaints as compared to buildings with only airconditioning or only humidification.     

浅谈如何做好井队职工一人一事思想政治工作

一人一事的思想政治工作既是党的思想政治工作的传家宝,也是解决群众问题的金钥匙。做好企业的一人一事思想政治工作就是要为职工群众解难帮困、化解矛盾,调动他们的工作热情。要做职工的思想政治工作,主要三个方面入手:一是要准确掌握队伍思想状况;二是要拿准职工思想脉搏;三是要运用行之有效的工作方法。     

Performance updating of concrete bridges using proactive health monitoring methods

Uncertainties associated with modelling of deteriorating bridges strongly affect management decisions, such as inspection, maintenance and repair actions. These uncertainties can be reduced by the effective use of health monitoring systems, through which information regarding in situ performance can be incorporated in the management of bridges.The objectives of this paper are twofold; first, an improved chloride induced deterioration model for concrete bridges is proposed that can quantify degradation in performance soon after chlorides are deposited on the bridge, rather than when initiation of corrosion at the reinforcement level takes place. As a result, the implications of introducing proactive health monitoring can be assessed using probabilistic durability criteria. Thus, the second objective of the paper is to present a methodology for performance updating of deteriorating concrete bridges fitted with a proactive health monitoring system.This methodology is illustrated via a simple example of a typical bridge element, such as a beam or a part of a slab. The results highlight the benefits from introducing ‘smart’ technology in managing bridges subject to deterioration, and quantify the reduction in uncertainties and their subsequent effect on predictions of future bridge performance.     

Analyzing the problem of unsustainable health information systems in less-developed economies: Case studies from Tanzania and Mozambique

Most of donor-supported information technology (IT)–based projects developed or implemented in less-developed economies (LDEs) end up as complete or partial failures or unsustainable. Notably, a number of intra-organizational and external factors are associated with this problem, including inadequate infrastructure and human resource capacity, fragmented donor policy, and lack of policies to manage the sustainability problem. Accordingly, IT initiatives are often donor-driven, top-down, and hijacked by top managers who (normally) do not have adequate skills, but have enormous power to enforce such initiatives across organizational hierarchies.

In analyzing the concepts from sustainability and institutionalization, key insights towards a better understanding of the problem of unsustainability are developed. It is argued that health information systems (HISs) become sustainable if they are institutionalized in the sense of being integrated into the everyday routine of the user organization. However, a sustainable HIS should also be flexible enough to allow changes as the user needs change. Moreover, introduction of a new HIS is not only a technical change, but requires the cultivation and institutionalization of a new kind of culture.

Through a comparative case analysis of the HIS development and implementation processes in Tanzania and Mozambique, we have identified two sets of relationships, between the Ministry of Health (MoH) and donor agencies and between the MoH and software development agencies as critical and contributing factors to the unsustainability of a HIS. Given this setting, we highlight three key strategies for dealing with the problem of unsustainability in LDEs: (a) integration of a HIS, (b) local shaping of new cultures, and (c) cultivation approach to systems development. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.     

医疗系统中模块化UPS应用方案

本文从可靠性、扩展性、节能性三个方面浅析了在医疗系统中模块化UPS电源应用的优势,为人民的健康及生命筑起一道安全的电源保障。     

阀控铅酸蓄电池内阻研究

用ＨＩＯＫＩ３５５１ 电池内阻测试仪对大容量（＞ １００Ａｈ）阀控式密封铅酸蓄电池的内阻及其影响因素进行了研究。研究表明,在１０ ｈ 率放电过程中,剩余容量高于５０％ 时,电池内阻变化不大（仅增大５％ ）;并且内阻和放电时间可拟合为指数函数Ｒｔ＝ Ｒ０ ＋ Ｃ１ ×ｅｘｐ（ｔ／Ｃ２）。极板只有与汇流排完全断开,内阻才会明显增大。蓄电池温度在－ ４０～０℃和０～５０℃时,随温度上升,蓄电池电导线性增加。在０～５０ ｋＰａ时,电池内部压力每增大１０ｋＰａ,内阻增大３ μΩ。另外,接触电阻对测试值有一定影响。     

Harnessing social dynamics through persuasive technology to promote healthier lifestyle

In light of current calls by medical professionals to confront the global issue of obesity and related illnesses, we developed a mobile application called STEP UP that monitors physical activity and provides data that can be easily shared within a social network. We then conducted an exploratory, theoretical study based on the theory of reasoned action (TRA) followed by an experimental trial and user study. The purpose of the studies was to explore the effect of persuasive technology on physical activity behavior and to investigate its effectiveness in motivating users to use the technology to be more physically active. The application was found to have a positive effect on the participants and their level of physical activity. They enjoyed using the application and were motivated to walk more, especially when enabled to share their step counts with their friends. The social component of the application clearly enhanced users’ walking experience, as the atmosphere of friendly competition motivated them to walk more. Based on user responses, we conclude that a further enhanced application that includes chat functionality may be even more successful in supporting increased physical activity and thus healthier lifestyle.     

Criteria for the health surveillance of workers exposed to repetitive movements

In the light of the experience and guidelines developed by other countries and of Italian legislative and operational conditions, the authors outline a strategy for a health surveillance programme for work-related musculoskeletal disorders of the upper limbs. In particular, the paper defines the various aims of the health surveillance implementation (i.e. existence of risks or effects). A screening schedule is presented based on subsequent investigations (first and second level surveillance); the authors discuss the principal methods used for processing the results of the health surveillance programme, in collective (i.e. statistical comparisons, planning of periodical investigations) and individual terms (job fitness judgements, reporting of suspected occupational diseases). programme and identifies significant relevant criteria for its     

Bibliography

Stress management programmes have become a feature of workplace training programmes and health-related activities. What they expect to achieve, or how, is not always clear. Positivistic science and medicine has difficulty with the complexities of involved human experiences. The value systems of the individual, the organization, and the society interact in complex and powerful ways, forming an inner reality which demands new ways of study and understanding.

Stress management intervention has to be seen not only as an attack on disease but also as a vehicle for promoting organizational and individual well-being. Doctors going into these areas must realize they are entering a higher-order system and thereby changing their tracitional professional role, and that their results will be measured against different criteria. Competition for scarce resources, and perhaps hostility from management, will be new experiences. Management will have a different world view and this has to be recognized and respected. Mutual interests must be identified. A formula might be: ‘health in the individual is health in the organization and vice versa’.

The theoretical models of stress and the approaches currently used in stress management programmes will be reviewed critically in an attempt to break the constraints of illness-dominated thinking and to envisage their potential for positive health and personal development. The case of ‘the healthy back’ will be taken as an example of this wider health-promoting model.     

基于侧抑制机制的一维多速度运动检测神经网络

运动感知是生物视觉系统的一个重要组成部分。运动对自然界的认识一大部分是通过运动感知。本文通过对同时具有方向和速度选择性的视觉皮层运动区神经元的侧抑制机制的模拟，提出了一种新的乘积抑制速度检测子（Ｍｕｌｔｉｐｌｉｃａｔｉｖｅ Ｉｎｈｉｂｉｔｏｒｙ Ｖｅｌｏｃｉｔｙ－ＭＩＶＤ），其时空联合参数Ｋ决定了检测子的最优速度，基于ＭＩＶＤ的响应幅度差特性，我们构造了两个速度融合神经网络（一个简单神经网络和一个