青年员工主观幸福感与社会责任心、忠诚度的关系

目的 探讨青年员工主观幸福感与社会责任心、忠诚度的关系及影响.方法 采用方便抽样的方法选取213名青年员工并对其进行问卷调查.结果 社会责任心对主观幸福感和忠诚度起部分中介作用,生活满意度对快乐度和社会责任心起调节作用.结论 提高青年员工主观幸福感有利于增强社会责任心和忠诚度,而提高生活满意度是快乐度促进社会责任心的重要条件.     

Age differences in psychosocial predictors of positive and negative affect: A longitudinal investigation of young, midlife, and older adults: Correction to Windsor and Anstey (2010).

Reports an error in Age differences in psychosocial predictors of positive and negative affect: A longitudinal investigation of young, midlife, and older adults by Tim D. Windsor and Kaarin J. Anstey (Psychology and Aging, 2010[Sep], Vol 25[3], 641-652). Contains an error in Figure 3, on page 649. The correction discusses where to find the correct data. (The following abstract of the original article appeared in record 2010-18944-009.) Research has consistently shown that despite aging-related losses, older adults have high levels of emotional well-being relative to those in young and midlife adults. We aimed to contribute to knowledge around the factors that predict emotional well-being over the life course by examining age group differences in associations of positive and negative social exchanges and mastery beliefs with positive and negative affect in a sample of 7,472 young, midlife, and older adults assessed on 2 measurement occasions, 4 years apart. Results from structural equation models indicated lower levels of negative affect with advancing age. Mastery was consistently related to higher well-being, with the strongest associations evident for young adults. Older adults reported the most frequent positive and least frequent negative social exchanges; however, associations of social relations with affect tended to be stronger among young and midlife adults relative to older adults. Results are discussed in the context of life course perspectives on goal orientations and self-regulatory processes. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2011 APA, all rights reserved)     

Invited review: Effects of heat stress on dairy cattle welfare

The effects of high ambient temperatures on production animals, once thought to be limited to tropical areas, has extended into northern latitudes in response to the increasing global temperature. The number of days where the temperature-humidity index (THI) exceeds the comfort threshold (>72) is increasing in the northern United States, Canada, and Europe. Compounded by the increasing number of dairy animals and the intensification of production, heat stress has become one of the most important challenges facing the dairy industry today. The objectives of this review were to present an overview of the effects of heat stress on dairy cattle welfare and highlight important research gaps in the literature. We will also briefly discuss current heat abatement strategies, as well as the sustainability of future heat stress management. Heat stress has negative effects on the health and biological functioning of dairy cows through depressed milk production and reduced reproductive performance. Heat stress can also compromise the affective state of dairy cows by inducing feelings of hunger and thirst, and we have highlighted the need for research efforts to examine the potential relationship between heat stress, frustration, aggression, and pain. Little work has examined how heat stress affects an animal's natural coping behaviors, as well as how the animal's evolutionary adaptations for thermoregulation are managed in modern dairy systems. More research is needed to identify improved comprehensive cow-side measurements that can indicate real-time responses to elevated ambient temperatures and that could be incorporated into heat abatement management decisions.     

Evaluating multiepisode events: Boundary conditions for the peak-end rule.

This study advances our understanding of how people arrive at retrospective evaluations of multiepisode experiences. Large samples from the United States, France, and Denmark (810, 820, and 805 participants, respectively) reported their feelings during each episode of the previous day using the Day Reconstruction Method. The duration-weighted average of these feelings represented the normative approach to evaluation, and, contrary to the predictions of the peak-end rule, the average was the best predictor of retrospective evaluations of the day. To capture participants' heuristic evaluation, they also reported having a wonderful (peak) and/or awful (low) moment during the previous day. The results indicate that retrospective evaluations of multiepisode events rely on the averaged ratings of emotions, ignore ends, and also consider the presence of lows, and occasionally peaks, as subjectively defined by those experiencing them. Peaks and lows contribute more to comparative, rather than absolute evaluations. Future research should examine whether these findings extend to other multiepisode events that, unlike days, form cohesive units in terms of their content, goal, and emotionality. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Do the opportunities for learning and personal development lead to happiness? It depends on work-family conciliation.

The study shows how the perceptions of opportunities for learning and personal development predict five dimensions of affective well-being (AWB: pleasure, comfort, placidity, enthusiasm, and vigor), and how this relationship is moderated by the perceptions of work-family conciliation. A sample comprising 404 individuals was collected. The findings show the following: (1) both the perceptions of opportunities for learning and personal development and perceptions of work-family conciliation predict AWB, the happier individuals being those who have high perceptions on both variables; (2) both variables interact in predicting AWB, in such a way that perceptions of high opportunities for learning and personal development may not lead to higher AWB if work-family conciliation is low. Post hoc analysis also suggests that the relationship between the perceptions of opportunities for learning and personal development and AWB tends to be nonlinear for individuals with perceptions of low work-family conciliation. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Life satisfaction and self-reported problems after spinal cord injury: Measurement of underlying dimensions.

Objective: Evaluate the utility of the current 7-scale structure of the Life Situation Questionnaire—Revised (LSQ–R) using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and explore the factor structure of each set of items. Design: Adults (N = 1,543) with traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI) were administered the 20 satisfaction and 30 problems items from the LSQ–R. Results: CFA suggests that the existing 7-scale structure across the 50 items was within the acceptable range (root-mean-square error of approximation [RMSEA] = 0.078), although it fell just outside of this range for women. Factor analysis revealed 3 satisfaction factors and 6 problems factors. The overall fit of the problems items (RMSEA = 0.070) was superior to that of the satisfaction items (RMSEA = 0.80). RMSEA fell just outside of the acceptable range for Whites and men on the satisfaction scales. All scales had acceptable internal consistency. Conclusion: Results suggest the original scoring of the LSQ–R remains viable, although individual results should be reviewed for special population. Factor analysis of subsets of items allows satisfaction and problems items to be used independently, depending on the study purpose. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Psychological impact of an economic crisis: A Conservation of Resources approach.

This study examined the psychological effects of an economic crisis based on Conservation of Resources (COR) stress theory. It investigated how the loss of economic resources had a psychological influence on well-being and identified which of 3 variables (the loss of economic resources, demographic characteristics, or coping strategies) had the greatest psychological influence. Psychological well-being was assessed via levels of anxiety and anger. The study provided clear support for COR theory. The loss of economic resources had a strong and mostly positive relationship to anxiety and anger. The coping strategies were the most important of several predictors. Similar studies were proposed to increase confidence in generalizing to other populations and to identify the causal links between loss of economic resources, coping, and psychological well-being. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)