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1.
Semiconducting molybdenum trioxide thin films have been prepared by employing simple and inexpensive spray pyrolysis technique. Films are found to be polycrystalline in nature with hexagonal phase. Optical band gap energy (direct) and room temperature electrical resistivity are of the order of 2·9 eV and 108 ohm-cm, respectively. These films exhibit cathodic electrochromism.  相似文献   
2.
Thermal sprayed aluminum and zinc provide long-term (> 20 years to first maintenance) corrosion control coatings. However, this application is usually more expensive than painting or galvanizing if thermal spraying (metallizing) is not integrated into the design and fabrication phases of new construction and repair projects. Aluminum and zinc metallized coatings are tough enough to withstand fabrication, transportation, and assembly operations. The improved capabilities and productivity of metallizing equipment for aluminum and zinc spraying are a major factor in their current cost competitiveness. The net result is that the cost difference between metallizing, paint, and galvanizing is getting closer every day. Even though the initial application cost of metallizing may be higher, the life cycle cost (LCC) and average equivalent annual costs (AEAC) are lower than paint coating systems. Metallizing LCCs, when properly engineered into the construction schedule, are equal to or less than paint coating LCCs. This article summarizes some metallizing considerations for installing improved corrosion control coating systems in new construction and in maintenance and repair of infrastructure. Editor’s Note: The following constants have been used to convert between English and Metric dimensions: 1ft2-0.0929 m2; 1lb/ft2-4.89 kg/m2; 1 mil=0.025mm. Presented at the 5th National Thermal Spray Conference (NTSC-93), Infrastructure Maintenance and Repair Session, 10 June 1993, Anaheim, CA.  相似文献   
3.
The deposition of copper by cold gas dynamic spraying has attracted much interest in recent years due to the capability to deposit low-porosity oxide-free coatings. However, it is generally found that as-deposited copper has a signicantly greater hardness, and potentially lower ductility, than bulk material. In this article, copper was deposited by cold spraying using helium as the driving gas at both 298 and 523 K. Evidence is presented indicating that the material sprayed at the lower temperature exhibits a lower dislocation density throughout the grain structure than the material sprayed at the higher temperature. The low stacking fault energy of copper restricts recovery during annealing, and thus microstructural changes during annealing only proceed once recrystallization begins. The material sprayed at low temperature (with the low dislocation density) exhibited recrystallization at annealing temperatures as low as 373 K with a corresponding reduction in hardness. However, the copper sprayed with helium at 523 K was resistant to annealing at temperatures up to 473 K where the dislocations in the structure prevented recrystallization. However, at higher temperatures, recrystallization did proceed (with corresponding reductions in hardness). The fracture behavior of the copper that was cold sprayed with helium at 523 K, both in the as-sprayed condition and following annealing, was measured and explained in terms of the annealing mechanisms proposed. The original version of this paper was published in the CD ROM Thermal Spray Connects: Explore Its Surfacing Potential, International Thermal Spray Conference, sponsored by DVS, ASM International, and HW International Institute of Welding, Basel, Switzerland, May 2–4, 2005, DVS-Verlag GmbH, Düsseldorf, Germany.  相似文献   
4.
The characterization of La x Sr1−x MnO3 powders produced by spray pyrolysis using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) observation, specific surface area (Brunauer-Emett-Teller), and particle size distribution measurements shows that the resultant large particles are loose agglomerates consisting of many small particles. However, the sintered tiny particles can form hard agglomerates, and the particle size increases remarkably. The structures of the powders before and after sintering were identified by x-ray diffraction (XRD). The study of the electrical property of the powder shows that the powder is a metallic conductor. In a reducing atmosphere, the powder can be decomposed. When the powder is cofired with yttria-stabilized zirconia 5% (YSZ) powder at 1200 °C for 5 h, no new phase is produced, and the powder remains a single provskite hexagonal-rhombohedral structure.  相似文献   
5.
ZnO thin films have been deposited by pulsed laser deposition (PLD) and ultrasonic spray pyrolysis (USP) method, respectively. X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy characterizations indicate that ZnO film grown by PLD exhibits better crystallinity than that grown by USP. Photoluminescence spectra show that the near-band edge ultraviolet emission of film grown by PLD is narrower and shifts to higher energy, compared with that of film grown by USP. In the visible range, ZnO film grown by PLD exhibits four local level emission centered at 470 nm, 486 nm, 544 nm, and 613 nm, respectively, while the film grown by USP only presents a weak broad band emission centered at 502 nm. Hall measurement shows higher carrier density and lower hall mobility in ZnO film grown by PLD than that in film grown by USP. The higher density of intrinsic defects as well as higher crystallintiy is considered to account for the difference of photoluminescence in ZnO film grown by PLD with that in film grown by USP.  相似文献   
6.
The evolution of an evaporating spray plume typical of those under consideration for use in direct injection spark ignition (DISI) engines, for early and late fuel injection strategies is investigated. Here the effect of electric charge, present on individual drops, upon the spray dispersal and evaporation rate is investigated with the aim of optimizing these parameters with respect to typical engine timescales and injection strategy. The predictions suggest that applying electric charge to drops in sprays injected early into the intake stroke does not have a beneficial effect. The spray evaporation rate is not significantly enhanced, and the long time interval between fuel injection and ignition actually promotes spray wall deposition. Conversely, applying electric charge to sprays injected late encourages secondary atomization and the increase in surface area greatly improves the evaporation rate. This is also true at higher engine speeds, corresponding to a much reduced time between fuel injection and ignition. Therefore it is suggested that the selective use of electric charge is viable way of tuning the spray character without effecting fuel metering when moving from an early to a late injection strategy in DISI engines when variable loads are required. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   
7.
根据现有喷射沉积设备的喷射几何关系推导了柱状沉积坯生长的数学模型,并利用该模型对沉积器的临界下降速度进行了初步估算。  相似文献   
8.
金隆闪速炉精矿喷嘴的优化   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
介绍金隆公司闪速炉精矿喷嘴的结构特点和运行情况,针对运行中存在的问题,通过优化操作参数、改进结构,喷嘴的性能得到了很大改善。  相似文献   
9.
以碱性喷补料的损毁机理为根据,讨论了该类型喷补料的颗粒分布和结合理论,根据操作条件提出优化方案选取相应的产品,从而获得较好的使用效果。  相似文献   
10.
为了克服铜铁异种材料喷焊过程中易产生焊缝裂纹和基体裂纹的倾向,研制开发了一种Cu-Ni-Sn自熔性合金粉末材料.通过对Cu-Ni-Sn粉末材料的化学成分的设计,喷焊层的组织显微结构及抗腐蚀性能的综合分析,认为该材料等离子喷焊工艺性能良好,焊层耐腐蚀效果十分明显.在生产实际中应用等离子喷焊制备Cu-Ni-Sn焊层,能明显提高粉末材料的熔敷率和性能,并且改善劳动工作环境.该合金性能优于传统材料,值得推广.  相似文献   
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