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排序方式: 共有111条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
为了确定最佳的脐橙变温压差膨化干燥工艺参数,应用单因素试验和响应面法对脐橙变温压差膨化干燥工艺进行优化。用单因素试验对脐橙变温压差膨化干燥工艺进行初步优化,采用3因子二次回归正交组合设计,进一步优化了脐橙变温压差膨化工艺,分析了预干燥含水率、膨化温度和抽空温度三因素对脐橙脆片含水率、脆度和色泽的影响。在此基础上,构建3个指标的三元二次回归方程,并进行响应面分析,得出脐橙切片变温压差膨化最佳工艺条件为:切片厚度5 mm、预干燥含水率为31%、膨化温度78℃、抽空温度为62℃、抽空时间为90min、膨化压力差为0.1 MPa。 相似文献
2.
MIT防霉聚乙烯保鲜膜研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
以线性低密度聚乙烯/低密度聚乙烯(LLDPE/LDPE)(3∶1)为基材,添加具有防霉功能的MIT(2-甲基-4-异噻唑啉-3-酮,2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-ketone)分子,制备了厚度为0.016~0.017mm,灰分含量为0.20%~024%,浓度为0.10%、0.15%、0.20%、0.25%和0.30%(w/w)的MIT防霉聚乙烯(PE)保鲜膜。结果表明:添加MIT的保鲜膜抑制灰霉菌效果均达到QB/T2591-2003标准的1级水平;添加MIT能够降低保鲜膜的断裂伸长率和透明度,0.30%MIT保鲜膜的断裂伸长率比空白膜降低了36.23%;随着MIT的增多,拉伸强度和热合强度不断增加,0.30%MIT保鲜膜的拉伸强度和热合强度分别比空白膜增加了18.41%和54.65%;在8℃条件下,用不同浓度的MIT防霉聚乙烯保鲜膜和空白对照保鲜膜对油菜包装贮藏12d,发现MIT保鲜膜包装的油菜黄化率和腐烂率明显比空白对照保鲜膜包装的油菜黄化率(13.2%)和腐烂率(1.36%)低,0.30%MIT保鲜膜的黄化率(7.3%)和腐烂率(0.56%)分别比空白对照显著降低44.70%和58.82%(p<0.05)。 相似文献
3.
为研究巴氏杀菌对非浓缩还原汁(NFC)苹果汁的杀菌效果及动力学规律,对不同杀菌温度时间下NFC苹果汁菌落总数变化进行测定,并通过总酸、VC、色泽等品质指标进行分析,探讨不同杀菌条件对NFC苹果汁品质的影响。结果表明,随着加热处理温度的升高以及时间的延长,杀菌效果显著增强。对不同热处理条件下的NFC苹果汁的杀菌效果进行动力学分析,均符合一级动力学模型,拟合后各决定系数R2均大于0.9。建模分析表明,在70,75,80,85和90℃下保温58.14,44.64,18.28,9.92和4.96 min,可使微生物下降一个数量级。而要达到相同致死效果,并使灭菌时间减少到原来的1/10,所需升高的温度为17.61℃。此外,对巴氏杀菌后NFC苹果汁进行品质分析,与未处理相比,其在总酸、pH、可溶性固形物方面无显著影响,高温短时杀菌能更好保持果汁的色泽和营养成分。 相似文献
4.
Combination of heat treatment and chitosan coating to improve postharvest quality of wolfberry (Lycium barbarum)
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Zhaojun Ban Wenwen Wei Xiangzheng Yang Jianhua Feng Junfeng Guan Li Li 《International Journal of Food Science & Technology》2015,50(4):1019-1025
The synergistic application of hot water dip at 42 °C for 30 min and 1% chitosan coating on differentiation in postharvest quality traits, microstructure as well as microbiological evolution of wolfberry fruits was investigated. Fresh wolfberry fruits were stored at 2 ± 0.5 °C and 90% relative humidity (RH) for 28 days. Results indicated the combination of prestorage heat treatment and chitosan coating maintained higher levels of ascorbic acid, total phenolic contents and antioxidant capacity as well as lower decay, compared with untreated wolfberry fruits. The possible mechanism was that the heat treatment almost sealed open stomata to limit the sites of pathogen penetration into fruits independently, followed by the biofilm formed by chitosan which controlled secondary infections as well as slowed changes in fruit respiration and metabolic activity in wolfberries. The synergistically treated fruit also exhibited a higher acceptability obtained by sensory analysis after cold storage. In this sense, the integrated application of heat treatment and chitosan coating could be regarded as an effective strategy to extend storage life and maintain the postharvest quality of wolfberry fruits. 相似文献
5.
果蔬采后纳米复合涂膜保鲜技术是一种新型的保鲜方法, 通过在果蔬表面形成一层纳米级别复合涂膜, 降低果蔬呼吸作用和防止微生物侵入污染, 从而延长保质期和维持品质。本文梳理了果蔬涂膜保鲜机制, 阐述了蛋白质、脂质、多糖、生物抗菌剂4类基质的纳米涂膜保鲜技术在果蔬保鲜中的应用。综合得出, 纳米复合涂膜具有抑菌、延缓果实衰老, 增强果实硬度、可溶性固形物等优点。目前常用的纳米材料包括纳米ZnO、纳米TiO2等金属氧化物、纳米纤维素等, 纳米复合涂膜应用阶段仍处于初级阶段, 纳米材料的功能和毒性还未完全掌握, 可能存在迁移风险。未来研究将重点优化涂膜材料、改进涂膜制备技术、扩大应用范围和安全性评估等方面, 本文将为纳米涂膜果蔬保鲜技术开发提供参考。 相似文献
6.
研究鲜榨(not-from-concentrate,NFC)苹果汁杀菌新技术,探讨微波杀菌和巴氏杀菌对NFC苹果汁在杀菌效果、理化性质、功能性成分、酶活性等方面的影响。结果表明:两种杀菌方式处理后NFC苹果汁微生物均符合国家卫生标准,微波杀菌更为彻底;与处理组相比,两种杀菌方式对pH值、可溶性固形物、总酸、总糖无显著影响;通过对比处理前后果汁L*、a*、b*值的差异,微波杀菌的△E值显著低于巴氏杀菌,说明微波杀菌能更好的保持果汁原有的颜色;微波杀菌后的果汁中多酚含量和抗氧化能力优于巴氏杀菌,同时也保留了更多的VC,通过相关性分析发现抗氧化能力与多酚含量呈显著正相关;通过比较处理前后果汁中多酚氧化酶(polyphenol oxidase,PPO)和果胶甲酯酶(pectin methylesterase,PME)酶活性的差异,发现微波杀菌能更好的起到灭酶的效果。因此,微波杀菌不仅能起到很好的杀菌灭酶效果,还能更好的保持果汁的色泽和营养成分。 相似文献
7.
目的 建立超高效液相-串联质谱法测定食品中罂粟壳成分的分析方法。方法 罂粟壳经乙腈提取后, 经PCX固相萃取柱净化, 选择BEH HILIC柱(粒径1.7 μm, 2.1 mm×100 mm), 以含0.1%甲酸的10 mmol/L乙酸铵溶液和甲酸乙腈溶液(0.1%)作为流动相进行梯度洗脱, 在0.3 mL/min流速下, 以多反应监测(multiple reaction monitoring, MRM)扫描模式进行检测, 外标法定量。结果 吗啡、可待因在25~250 μg/kg添加浓度范围内, 回收率为68.30~80.81%。罂粟碱、那可丁、蒂巴因在0.5~2.5 μg/kg添加浓度范围内, 回收率为68.34%~78.91%。本方法罂粟碱、那可丁、蒂巴因、吗啡和可待因定量限分别为0.5、0.5、0.5、25、25 μg/kg。结论 该方法简便、快速、可靠, 可用于各种食品中罂粟壳生物碱的快速筛查与确证。 相似文献
8.
采用电感耦合等离子体质谱法对小米(陕西、山西、内蒙古、河北、山东、东北产区)6大主产区不同品种样品的矿物元素进行检测,研究不同产地品种来源小米K、Ca、Na、Mg、Al、Fe、Cu、Zn、Mn、Se、B、Ti、Co、Sr、Mo 15种矿质元素含量差异并分析其显著性,同时采用主成分分析法和聚类分析法对不同产地小米矿质元素含量的差异进行分析,检测结果表明,不同产地品种小米元素含量差异显著,Se、Sr、Al 三种元素含量差异最为明显,变异系数最高,Zn、Cu、K 三种元素的变异系数最小。主成分分析结果表明,前两个主成分方差贡献率为 63.9%,K、Ca、Mg、Fe、Cu、Zn、Mn、B、Mo、Al、Se、Sr、Ti 是不同品种及产地来源小米的特征差异元素;聚类分析结果表明品种对小米元素分布造成的影响有限,地域环境因素是造成小米元素分布差异的主要因素。 相似文献
9.
《Food quality and preference》2000,11(4):275-281
The quality of peas has been studied in a joint project between a pea producing company in Denmark and several research institutions. The study included quality from a consumer point of view based on market research and quality from more internal company points of view based on measurement of physical/chemical attributes that are expected to describe quality. The purpose of the work was to use the considerable amounts of information in a decision oriented way to obtain answers to questions like: (1) How do consumers perceive quality? (2) Is it possible to describe the variation in preferences expressed by consumers as a function of the objective measurements of quality e.g. the physical/chemical variables? (3) Which of the measured objective variables are most important for further product development? In the paper we describe consumer evaluations as a function of physical/chemical variables in a PLS structural model with the Total Food Quality Model as starting point. The results show that texture and flavour do have approximately the same effect on the consumers' perception of overall quality. Quality development goals for plant breeders would be to optimise perrceived flavour directly by increasing the amount of sugars and more indirectly by improving the perception of colour through darker and less yellow peas. Perceived texture can be optimised by focusing on selected texture measurements. 相似文献
10.
《International Dairy Journal》2000,10(11):769-774
Lactobacillus paracasei subsp. paracasei ESB 230, Leuconostoc mesenteroides subsp. mesenteroides ESB 136, Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis ESB 117 and Enterococcus faecium ESB 50, previously isolated from certified Serra da Estrela cheeses, were tested for their aminopeptidase, dipeptidyl aminopeptidase, endopeptidase, dipeptidase and carboxypeptidase activities. The crude cell-free extracts (CFE) of Lb. paracasei ESB 230 exhibited the highest aminopeptidase activity, followed by CFE of Leuc. mesenteroides ESB 136 and, at last, by CFE of L. lactis ESB 117; the aminopeptidase activity in CFE of Ent. faecium was practically non-existent. The four CFE studied also showed appreciable carboxypeptidase activities, although these were lower than their dipeptidase counterparts; in addition, their dipeptidyl aminopeptidase and endopeptidase activities were lower than their aminopeptidase activities. Dipeptides consisting of hydrophobic amino acid residues (i.e. leucine, methionine and phenylalanine) were more rapidly attacked by all CFE than those with hydrophilic amino acid residues. The peptide hydrolase system of CFE of Lb. paracasei ESB 230 was qualitatively quite similar to, but quantitatively more active than that of CFE of Leuc. mesenteroides ESB 136 (except for the endopeptidase); additionally, the CFE of L. lactis ESB 117 and of Ent. faecium ESB 50 were quite distinct from each other, and from the other two CFE tested. 相似文献